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Gross Anatomy 2 > Anterior forearm and wrist > Flashcards

Anterior forearm and wrist Flashcards

(52 cards)

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1
Q

What is the action of the muscles of the anterior compartment of the forearm?

A

Flexion of the wrist and digits

Pronation

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2
Q

What is the common flexor origin?

A

Medial epicondyle of the humerus

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3
Q

What nerve supplies a majority of the muscles of the anterior forearm?

A

Median

Flexor carpi ulnaris and ring/pinky side of flexor digitorum profundus are supplied by ulnar nerve

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4
Q

What is the most superficial muscle of the anterior forearm?

A

Palmaris Longus

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5
Q

What muscle is this and what is its innervation?

A

Plamaris Longus

Median (C7,8)

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6
Q

What are the attachments of Palmaris Longus?

A

From the medial epicondyle of the humerus to the palmar fascia (aponeurosis)

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7
Q

What is the action of palmaris longus?

A

Tightens the aponeurosis which aids in wrist flexion

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8
Q

True or False?

Palmaris longus is not present in everyone

A

True!

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9
Q

What is this muscle and its innervation?

A

Pronator Teres

Median

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10
Q

What passes between the heads of pronator teres?

A

Median nerve

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11
Q

What are the attachments of pronator teres?

A

Medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process of ulna

Inserts into lateral surface of radius

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12
Q

What is the action of pronator teres?

A

Pronation

assists in elbow flexion

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13
Q

What muscle is this and what is its innervation?

A

Flexor carpi radialis

Median nerve

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14
Q

What is the function of flexor carpi radialis?

A

Wrist flexion

Abduction of wrist (with extensor carpi radialis)

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15
Q

What are the attachment of flexor carpi radialis?

A

Medial condyle of humerus

Inserts into base of the 2nd metacarpal

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16
Q

What is this muscle and its innervation?

A

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Ulnar nerve

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17
Q

What are the attachments of flexor carpi ulnaris?

A

Medial epicondyle of humerus

Inserts - base of pisiform, hamate and 5th metacarpal

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18
Q

What are the actions of flexor carpi ulnaris?

A

Flexion of wrist

Adduction (with extensor carpi ulnaris)

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19
Q

What muscle is highlighted and what is its innervation?

A

Flexor digitorum superficialis

Median nerve

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20
Q

What are the attachments of flexor digitorum superficialis?

A

Medial epicondule of humerus and coronoid process of ulna

Inserts- middle phalanges (lateral) of digits 2-5

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21
Q

What are the actions of flexor digitorum superficialis?

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A

Flexion of MCPs and PIPs

Flexion of wrist

22
Q

What is this nerve and its innervation?

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A

Flexor digitorum profundus

  • Ring and pinky - ulnar nerve
  • Index and middle - anterior interosseous branch of median nerve
23
Q

What are the attachments of flexor digitorum profundus?

Study These Flashcards
A

Ulna and interosseous membrane

Inserts to distal phalanges of digits 2-5

24
Q

What is the action of flexor digitorum profundus?

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A

Flexion of MCPs, PIPs and DIPs of digits 2-5

Flexion of wrist

25
What is this muscle and its innervation?
Flexor Pollicus Longus | Anterior interosseous branch of Median nerve
26
What are the attachments of flexor pollicus longus?
Radius and interosseous membrane Inserts on base of distal phalanx of thumb (palmar)
27
What are the actions of flexor pollicus longus?
Flexion of MCP and IP of thumb | Flexion of wrist
28
What is this muscle and what is its innervation?
Pronator Quadratus | Anterior interosseous branch of Median nerve
29
What is the action of pronator quadratus?
Pronation | Helps stabilise distal radioulnar joint
30
What are the attachments of pronator quadratus?
Distal anterior ulna to distal anterior radius
31
What forms the median nerve?
C6-T1 fibres | Medial and lateral cords
32
What is the major nerve of the anterior compartment of the forearm?
Median nerve
33
What nerve passes through the carpal tunnel?
Median nerve
34
True or False? | The radial nerve supplies this area
False! | On the palmar aspect the median nerve supplies the thenar aspect of the hand
35
What muscle does the median nerve pass between?
The heads of pronator teres
36
True or False? | The ulnar nerve passes through the carpal tunnel?
False | It passes over it
37
What forms the ulnar nerve and describe its route?
C7-T1 fibres from the medial cord Runs in the medial side of the arm then passes along the medial groove in the humerus to reach the anterior forearm. It runs on the medial side between flexor carpi ulnaris and the mdeial side of flexor digitorum profundus then passes over the carpal tunnel close to the pisiform
38
What is the major arterial contribution to the superficial palmar arch of the hand?
Ulnar artery
39
What artery gives rise to the ulnar artery?
Brachial artery
40
True or False? | The radial artery gives off the common interosseous artery
False! | It is the ulnar. This further splits into anterior and posterior interosseous arteries
41
What classification of joint is the wrist?
Synovial condyloid
42
What movements occur at the wrist?
Flexion, Extension Adduction, Abduction Circumduction
43
What type of joint is present between the carpal bones?
Synovial plane
44
Name the proximal carpal bones
Scaphoid Lunate Triquestrium (with pisiform on top)
45
Name the distal row of carpal bones
Trapezium Trapezoid Capitate Hamate
46
What is highlighted?
Radial collateral ligament of the wrist
47
What is highlighted?
The ulnar collateral ligament of the wrist
48
What forms the roof of the carpal tunnel?
Thickened part of the flexor retinaculum
49
Does the ulna articulate directly with the proximal carpal bones?
No it articulates with an articular disc to improve the congruency of the joint
50
What do the medial and lateral aspects of the flexor retinaculum attach to?
Medial - pisiform and hook of hamate | Lateral - tubercle of scaphoid and ridge on trapezium
51
The flexor retinaculum forms a septum at the trapezium. What structure passes through here?
Flexor carpi radialis tendon
52
What structures pass through the carpal tunnel?
``` Tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis Tendons of flexor digitorum profundus Tendon of flexor pollicus longus Tendon of flexor carpi radialis Median nerve ```

Gross Anatomy 2 (8 decks)

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