Anterior Triangle of the Neck

Question 1

anterior triangle separated into 4 smaller triangles by

Answer 1

the digastric and omohyoid muscles

Question 2

muscular triangle boundries

Answer 2

the midline of the neck, superior belly of omohyoid, and the SCM

Question 3

carotid triangle boundries

Answer 3

the superior belly of omohyoid, posterior belly of digastric, and the SCM

Question 4

submandibular triangle

Answer 4

bounded by anterior and posterior bellies of digastric, inferior border of mandible

contains the submandibular gland

Question 5

submental triangle

Answer 5

bounded by anterior bellies of digastric and hyoid bone

unpaired

Question 6

muscular triangle contents

Answer 6

contains the infrahyoid muscles

superficial layer
- sternohyoid
-omohyoid (superior and inferior belly)
deep layer
- sternothyroid
thyrohyoid

muscles depress the hyoid bone

innervated by the ansa cervicalis (except the thyrohyoid)

Question 7

thyrohyoid innervation

Answer 7

n to thyrojoid (C1)

Question 8

submandibular triangle contents

Answer 8

Suprahyoid muscles
digastric muscle (anterior and posterior belly)
stylohyoid (CN VII)
mylohyoid (CN V3)

facial artery and vien

hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)

submandibular lymph nodes

submandibular gland

Question 9

anterior belly of digastric innervation

Answer 9

CN V(3)

Question 10

posterior belly of digastric innervation

Answer 10

CN VII

Question 11

submandibular gland

Answer 11

salivary gland

facial artery and vein are closely associated with it

surrounded by investing layer of deep cervical fascia

Question 12

Carotid Triangle contents

Answer 12

common carotid artery (dividing into internal and external)

internal jugular vein

vagus nerve

ansa cervicalis

deep cervical lymph nodes

Question 13

carotid sheath

Answer 13

contains the common and internal carotid arteries

internal jugular vein

vagus nerve

deep cervical lymph nodes

Question 14

right common cartoid arteries come from

Answer 14

the brachiocephalic trunk

Question 15

left common cartoid arteries come from

Answer 15

the aortic arch

Question 16

common cartoid branches into

Answer 16

external carotid (supplies the neck and face) and internal carotid (no branches in the neck)

Question 17

carotid sinus

Answer 17

sensory structure that monitors BP (baroreceptor)

innervation from carotid sinus nerve (branch of CN IX)

Question 18

carotid body

Answer 18

sensory structure that monitors O2 - chemoreceptor

innervation from carotid sinus nerve (branch of CN IX)

Question 19

Anterior branches of the external carotid artery

Answer 19

superior thyroid artery
lingual artery
facial artery

Question 20

posterior branches of the external carotid artery

Answer 20

ascending pharyngeal a
occipital a
posterior auricular a

Question 21

terminal branches of the external carotid artery

Answer 21

maxillary a
superficial temporal a

Question 22

inferior to superior external carotid artery

Answer 22

superior thyroid
ascending pharyngeal
lingual
facial a
occipital
posterior auricular
maxially a
superifical temporal a

Question 23

internal jugular vein

Answer 23

joins with subclavian to make the brachiocephalic vein

recieves blood from brain, anterior face, cervical viscera, and deep muscles of the neck

emerges through jular foramen

lateral to carotid arteries in carotid sheath

Question 24

ansa cervicalis

Answer 24

anterior to carotid sheath

superior root carried by hypoglossal n (CN XII)

inferior root comes from C2 and C3

innervates 3 infrahyoid muscles

Question 25

Vagus nerve branches into

Answer 25

superior laryngeal nerve (branches) and recurrent laryngeal nerve (supplies intrinsic laryngeal muscles

Question 26

superior laryngeal nerve divides into

Answer 26

internal laryngeal n - piececes thyrhyoid membrane - is sensory external laryngeal n - travels with superior thyroid artery - motor to inferior pharyngeal constrictor and cricothyroid

Question 27

viscera of neck enclosed by

Answer 27

pretracheal layer of deep fascia

Question 28

thyroid gland

Answer 28

endocrine gland - releases thyroid hormone and calcitonin C5-T1 2 lobes and isthmus pyramidal lobe - is an embryonic remnant

Question 29

blood supply to the thyroid

Answer 29

superior thyroid artery (from external carotid) inferior thyroid artery (from subclavian) some of the population has a thyroid ima artery from the brachiocephalic trunk

Question 30

venous drainage of thyroid

Answer 30

superior thyroid veins and middle thyroid veins drain into internal jugular veins inferior thyroid veins drain to brachiocephalic veins

Question 31

parathyroid gland

Answer 31

2 pairs superior and inferior supplied by thyroid vessels removal of parathyroid glands - can lead to tetany - lower serum calcium

Question 32

1st part of subclavian artery (medial)

Answer 32

vertebral a thryocervical trunk internal thoracic artery

Question 33

2nd part of subclavian artery (deep)

Answer 33

costocervical trunk

Question 34

3rd part of subclavian artery (lateral)

Answer 34

dorsal scapular a

Question 35

branches of the thryrocervical trunk

Answer 35

suprascapular a transverse cervical a ascending cervical a inferior thyroid a

Question 36

costocervical trunk branches

Answer 36

deep cervical a superior(supreme) intercostal artery

Question 37

external and anterior jugular veins empty into

Answer 37

subclavian vein

Question 38

Venous angle

Answer 38

internal jugular vein and subclavian vein join to form brachiocephalic veins receive lymph from thoracic duct and right lymphatic duct

Question 39

lymph nodes around ijv

Answer 39

deep cervical lymph nodes

Question 40

supraclavicular nodes

Answer 40

inferior group of deep cervical nodes final filter from head and neck

Question 41

virchow's nodes

Answer 41

left supraclavicular node enlargement could indicate metasis from ab cavity

Question 42

nerves in the root of the neck

Answer 42

vagus nerve recurrent laryngeal nerves phrenic nerves sympathetic trunk

Question 43

right recurrent laryngeal nerve

Answer 43

loops around right subclavian artery

Question 44

left recurrent laryngeal nerve

Answer 44

loops under arch of aorta

Question 45

Superior cervical ganglia

Answer 45

at C1-C2 last place where preganglionic are able to sympase post ganglion travel on periarterial things

Question 46

middle cervical ganglia

Answer 46

at C6

Question 47

inferior cervical ganglia

Answer 47

C7 contains the cervicthoraic ganglion

Question 48

cervical sympathetic ganglia

Answer 48

no white rami only gray rami communicans contains cardiopulmonary splanchnic nerves (post ganglionic symp)