anthropolgy Flashcards
(38 cards)
what is Ethnology
the study of origins and cultures of different races and people
what is archeology
the study of the past they examine the physical remains of past cultures to learn more about them
what is prehistoric archeology
unwirtten past
the study of unwritten work from the past and finding out how people lived during that time
what is archeology and history
supplement
supplement an existing historical record by telling us about the daily lives of people who may not have written their history
what is linguistic anthropology
the study of human language and how it affects and express culture
what is historical linguistics
comparing
comparing similarities and differences of language structures and understanding how it is related
what is structural linguistics
sounds??!?!?
the study of how sounds are put together to make meaning Noam Chomsky is known for developing the theory of universal grammar
what is Sociolinguistics
status
how people use their language within their culture to express status and context
what is cultural relativism according to Franz Boas
he stated that anthropologists cannot compare 2 cultures becuase they are different and must be accepted
what is functional theory? what did Bronislaw Malinoski think?
the theory that every action, belief or relationship in a cultural function meets the needs of individuals
Bronislaw Malinoski felt that you could compare 2 cultures objectively
what is cultural materialism?
Karl Marx, materials or conditions within an environment influenced how culture develops and that culture is developed on a trail-error basis
what is feminist anthropology? what did Ernestine Friedl conclude about it?
the study of comparing cultures and how many are male-dominant and female-dominant Ernestine Friedl concluded that in forger societies the amount of freedoms is tired to their contributions
what is postmordernism
true knowledge
this theory rejects the idea of objective truth and that it is impossible le to have any “true” knowledge of the world
what is primatology
the study of how people and other primates can share many characteristics and how similar they can be
what did Jane Goodall do
she went to Tanzania to study chimpanzees and found they were the most similar to humans as they have larger brain, grasping hands and forward facing eyes
what is Paleoanthropology Archeology
no evidence
the study is based on human ancestors with no evidence from a distant evolutionary past
what did Donald Johnson find
he found a skeleton in Ethiopia that was almost half complete he named her Lucy and found her to be a member of a family from 3.2 million years ago
what is forensic anthropology
identifying human remains after mass disasters they can look at bones and discover who that person was
what is human variation?
the study of genetic differences of people and populations to understand the differences between people
what is Darwinism
3 princicplas that involve natural selection, variation, heritability and environmental fitness.
what is subjective
conclusions based on a person’s cultural and personal perspective feelings and beliefs
what is objective
conclusions based on facts and data uninfluenced by personal perspectives, prejudices and emotions
what is reflectivity
the process of reflecting on your own worldview, basis and the impact on the culture you are studying
what are interviews
this is an important tool it helps them understand the culture they are studying and obtain valuable information
