Anti-Hyperlipidemics

Question 1

What is the function of NPN1L1?

Answer 1

allows cholesterol to enter the enterocyte

Question 2

What enzyme esterifies cholesterol inside of the enterocyte?

Answer 2

ACAT

Question 3

What is the function of Apolipoprotein C-II?

Answer 3

lipoprotein lipase cofactor

Question 4

What is the function of Lipoprotein Lipase?

Answer 4

breaks down chylomicron to be used by tissues

Question 5

What is the largest component of VLDLs?

Answer 5

triglycerides

Question 6

What is the ratio of triglyceride to cholesterol esters in VLDL?

Answer 6

5:1

Question 7

What is the ratio of triglyceride to cholesterol esters in IDL?

Answer 7

1:1

Question 8

What is the function of ApoB 100?

Answer 8

LDL receptor ligand

Question 9

What are the two fibrates?

Answer 9

Gemfibrozil and Fenofibrate

Question 10

What are the three MOAs of fibrates?

Answer 10

large decrease VLDL

small decrease in LDL

small increase in IDL

Question 11

What receptor do fibrates bind?

Answer 11

PPAR

increased expression of LDL

Question 12

What two apolipoproteins does PPAR activate?

Answer 12

A-I and A-II

Question 13

What are the three bile acid binding resins?

Answer 13

Cholestyramine, Colestipol, Colesevelam

Question 14

What is the main adverse effect of bile acid binding resins?

Answer 14

increase triglyceride levels

Question 15

What is the MOA of Niacin?

Answer 15

inhibits adipocyte hormone sensitive lipase

Question 16

What two lipoproteins does niacin decrease the synthesis of?

Answer 16

VLDL and LDL

Question 17

Which apolipoprotein can niacin activate?

Answer 17

A-I

Question 18

What causes the flushing associated with Niacin?

Answer 18

release of prostacyclin

Question 19

What drug can reduce the flushing associated with niacin?

Answer 19

NSAIDs

Question 20

What metabolite do pt’s taking NIACIN run the risk of increasing?

Answer 20

uric acid

Question 21

What statin can be safely used with niacin?

Answer 21

fluvostatin

Question 22

Which statin shouldnt be used with niacin?

Answer 22

lovastatin

Question 23

What drug inhibits cholesterol absorption?

Answer 23

ezetimibe

Question 24

What is the MOA of ezetimibe? What does this lead to?

Answer 24

blocks NPC1 like protein on enterocytes?

decreased absorption of cholesterol

Question 25

What is the magic number for statins?

Answer 25

10 yr cholesterol risk greater than 7.5%

Question 26

What is the MOA of all statins?

Answer 26

HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors

Question 27

What is the one potential adverse effect of statins?

Answer 27

Myopathy

Question 28

What two enzymes can be increased in pt's taking statins?

Answer 28

AST and ALT

Question 29

What causes familial hyperchylomicronemia?

Answer 29

LPL defect

Question 30

What causes familial hypertriglyceridemia?

Answer 30

impaired removal or VLDL or chylomicrons

Question 31

What causes familial combined hyperlipoproteinemia?

Answer 31

increased VLDL production

Question 32

What causes familial dysbetalipoproteinemia?

Answer 32

absence of ApoE

Question 33

Accordig to Wauson, which two receptors bind HDL?

Answer 33

SRB1 and A1

Question 34

What acute disease will physicians attempt to prevent during severe dyslipidemia?

Answer 34

acute pancreatitis

Question 35

What causes familial hypercholesterolemia?

Answer 35

LDL receptor defect

Question 36

What deleterious effect of statins can niacin exacerbate?

Answer 36

myopathy

Question 37

What is the least potent statin?

Answer 37

fluvastatin

Question 38

What are the two most potent statins?

Answer 38

atorvastatin rosuvastatin

Question 39

What is a side effect of patients taking high potency statins?

Answer 39

liver damage

Question 40

What enzyme can niacin decrease the activity of?

Answer 40

hormone sensitive lipase

Question 41

Which apolipoprotein can niacin activate?

Answer 41

A-I