Anti-Parasitics Flashcards
(55 cards)
Metronidazole use and spectrum
Most commonly used for protozoa
Targets hydrogenosome
Anaerobic bacteria and protozoa (EH, NF)
Follow with luminal amebicide (paromomycin)
Giardiasis
Trichomoniais (must include all sexual partenrs as males typically asymptomatic)
Metronidazole mech and adverse effects
Causes loss of helical DNA structure resulting in inability of protein syntehsis and cell death
INhibits acetaldehyde dehrgoenase (aclocohl)
Peripheraly neuropathy
Dark urine
Paromomycin
Used to eliminnate intestinal coloniation bc not absorbed
Interferes with 30S subunit of ribosome
Use with metronid for amebiasis
Albendazole mech
Metabolite albendazole sulfoxide cause degen of cytoplasmic microtubules…glycogen depeleted and glucose uptake and cholinesterase secretion immpaired…desecretaory substancesd accumulate…ATP production decreases causing energy depleition, immobilization and worm death
Pyrantel pamoate mech
Release of Ach and inhibits cholinesterase…acts as depolarizing NM blocker to paralyze
Ivermectin mech
Binds to glutamate gated chloride ion channel…increased permeability of cell membranes tohloride ions leads ot hyperpolarization and death of parasite
Diethylcarbamazine mech
INvolve sesitizing the microfilaiae to phagocytosis…dependent on iNOS and COX1 path
Praziquantel mech
increases permeability to calcium in schistosomes causing contractions and paralysis of worm leading todetachment of sucks from blood vessel walls
Enterobius lines of defense
Albendazole/mebendaole 1st
Pyrantel 2nd
Treat entire fam
Ascaris lines
Alb/meb 1st
PP 2nd
Iver 2nd
Trichuris lines
Same as ascaris
Toxocara lines
Alb/meb 1st for visceral larva migrans
+glucocorticoid, +/- surgery
Trichinella lines
Alb/med plus glucocort
Hookworm lines
Alb/meb 1st
PP 2nd
Strgonyloids lines
Iver 1st
Alb/Med 2nd
Vector borne (filiaris or loa loa) lines
Diethyl carbamazine 1st
Alb/med 2nd
For annual, use both
Onchocerca lines
Iver 1st
Alb/med 2nd
For annual both
Tapeworm lines
For cysticerocosis, use alb/med and gluco
All other use prazi
Echinoccocus tapeworm lines
Surgical excision then alb
All flukes lines
Prazi
Fascicola hepatica
exception to flukes, use Alb or triclabenazole
Prevention of plasmodia
Avoidance/chemoprophylaxis
Presumptive tx of plasmodia
Self medication…drug should be different than chemoprophylaxis
Physician tx of plasmodia
Diagnose
Uncomp - fever, chills, N/V, sweats, muscle
Complication - confusion, coma, anemia, resp
