Antibiotucs Part 4

Question 1

What is the best fluoroquinolone for anaerobic activity?

Answer 1

Moxifloxican

Question 2

Are quinolones bactericidal or bacteriastatic

Answer 2

Bactericidal and are concentration dependent

Question 3

Quinolones inhibit bacterial replication

Answer 3

They block the DNA replication pathway by clocking the unwinding DNA with DNA gyrase and DNA topoisomerase inhibition by binding to the A subunit

Question 4

What is the most potentfluorquinolone against pseudomonas

Answer 4

Ciprofloxacin

Question 5

Which quinolone was removed from market due to hepetotoxicty?

Answer 5

Trovofloxacin

Question 6

What are the respiratoryfluoroquinolones?

Answer 6

Levofloxacin, moxifloxin, gemifloxacin

Question 7

Which fluoroquinolone is used for complicated UTI and skin infections?

Answer 7

Levofloxacin

Question 8

Which fluoroquinolone is used for pseudomonas, atypical bacteria, UTIs, prostatitis, anthrax, and travelers diarrhea?

Answer 8

Cipro

Question 9

Which fluoroquinolone is similar to cipro but not effective against pseudomonas. Mostly used for urethritis and cervisitis

Answer 9

Ofloxacin

Question 10

What are the adverse effects of fluoroquinolone in children?

Answer 10

Affects bone growth, teeth, cartilage, and could have tetragenic effects

Question 11

What are the AEs of fluoroquinolone

Answer 11

Tendinitis, photoxicity, GI upset, QT prolongation, CNS stimulation, c diff infections, hepatotoxicity, blood glucose disturbance, and myasthenia gravis symptoms

Question 12

What do all fluoroquinolones interact with?

Answer 12

Multivalent cation containing products like aluminum, magnesium, containing antacids, and products with zinc, iron, and calcium.

Question 13

Which drug significantly inhibits fluoroquinolone

Answer 13

Sucralfate

Question 14

What are the four first line TB drugs?

Answer 14

Isoiazid, Rifampin, ethambutol, pyrazinamide

Question 15

What happens when TB is in the CNS?

Answer 15

Meningitis or tumors

Question 16

What are the initial intensive drugs for TB?

Answer 16

Isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, ethambutal

Question 17

What are the continuation drugs to take for 4-6 months after TB

Answer 17

INH and RIF

Question 18

What is DOT for TB?

Answer 18

Directly observed therapy by watching the patient take the meds

Question 19

What are the meds to take for latent TB?

Answer 19

Over 12 years old- Three months of once weekly INH and rifampine or four months daily rifampin.
2-11 years old 9 months of INH daily

Question 20

What is given for resistant TB?

Answer 20

One or two antibiotics that the organism is susceptible to like Levofloxacin and ethambutol. Typically for 6-12 months but can be 18montys for multi drug resistant TB

Question 21

What should consider in geriatric patients with TB?

Answer 21

Increased risk for toxic effects especially liver and CNS

Question 22

What would you consider for pediatric patients with TB?

Answer 22

EMB, streptomycin, and cycloserine is not recommended for children

Question 23

What should you consider in pregnant patients with TB

Answer 23

All drugs used are category C so you should only prescribe if necessary

Question 24

What are AEs of the TB drug isoniazid (INH)

Answer 24

Neuropathy, nausea, hepatotoxicity, and optic neuritis

Question 25

Is isoniazid able to cross the blood brain barrier,

Answer 25

Yes

Question 26

Why should alcoholic avoid isoniazid?

Answer 26

There is a black box warning for hepatotoxicity

Question 27

What can rifampin be used for?

Answer 27

TB and leprosy

Question 28

How does rifampin work?

Answer 28

Inhibits DNA dependent RNA activity by forming a complex with the enzyme and suppresses the initiation of messenger RNA synthesis

Question 29

What is ethambutol used for?

Answer 29

A bacteriastatic drug for mycobacterium

Question 30

What does ethambutol interact with?

Answer 30

Aluminum salts

Question 31

What are AEs of ethambutol

Answer 31

Gout, liver abnormalities, optic neuritis

Question 33

What is the two most serious side effects of isoniazid and what is it used for

Answer 33

First like for active TB Neuropathy and CNS effects.

Question 34

Which antibiotics can cause patients tears to turn orange?

Answer 34

Rifampin used for T B

Question 35

Which med can cause red/green color blindness

Answer 35

Ethambutol used in combo for TB