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Pharmacology > Antihypertensive Drugs > Flashcards

Antihypertensive Drugs Flashcards

(67 cards)

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1
Q

Eprelenone indications

A
  • HTN (Spironolactone is NOT indicated for HTN)
  • Heart failure
  • POST MYOCARDIAL INFACTION
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2
Q

Eprelenone

A

Aldosterone Antagonist

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3
Q

TerAZOSIN

A

Alpha blockers (antagonist)

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4
Q

Alpha blockers: MOA

A

Inhibit alpha-1 receptors, causing arteriole vasodilation

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5
Q

Alpha blockers: indications

A
  • HTN

- BPH

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6
Q

Alpha blockers: adverse effects

A
  • Orthostatic hypotension
  • First dose syncope
  • Fluid retention
  • Increased risk of HF when used alone
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7
Q

AtenoLOL

A

B-blocker (antagonist)

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8
Q

MetoproLOL

A

B-blocker (antagonist)

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9
Q

PropranoLOL

A

B-blocker (antagonist)

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10
Q

TimoLOL

A

B-blocker (antagonist)

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11
Q

Nebivolol

A

B-blocker and vasodilator

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12
Q

Beta 1 selective at doses < or = to 10mg

A

Nebivolol

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13
Q

DoxAZOSIN

A

Alpha blockers (antagonist)

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14
Q

Labetalol

A

Alpha1 and NON SELECTIVE B-blockers

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15
Q

Carvedilol

A

Alpha1 and NON SELECTIVE B-blockers

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16
Q

B-blocker: MOA

A

Directly block adrenergic stimulation of B receptors

  • Reduce CO by decreasing heart rate (negative chronotropic effect) and contractility (negative inotropic effect)
  • Negative dromotropic effect
  • Inhibits renin secretion
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17
Q

Metoprolol XL
Cardivolol
Visoprolol

A

B-blockers indicated for heart failure

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18
Q

B-blocker indications

A
  • Ischemic heart diseas (stable/unstable angina, MI)
  • HF
  • HTN
    DO NOT STOP ABRUPTLY
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19
Q

B-blockers: adverse effects

A
  • bradycardia
  • heart block (contraindicated in 2nd and 3rd degree)
  • fatigue, lethargy
  • hypotension
  • bronchoconstriction (CAUTION IN ASTHMA, USE SELECTIVE B-BLOCKERS)
  • may mask signs of hypoglycemia
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20
Q

B-blockers w/ NSAIDs

A

decrease antihypertensive effects of B-blockers

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21
Q

Clonidine

A

Central-acting alpha-2 agonist

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22
Q

Clonidine MOA

A

Directly stimulate pre-synaptic alpha-2 receptors in the brainstem (reduce sympathetic outflow)

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23
Q

Clonidine: indication

A

HTN

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24
Q

Beta 1 selective

A
  • Atenolol
  • Metoprolol
  • Bisoprolol
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25
``` Sedation Fatigue Dry Mouth Depression REBOUND HYPERTENSION (DO NOT STOP ABRUPTLY) ```
Clonidine adverse effect | (central acting alpha-2 agonist
26
BenazePRIL
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor (ACEIs)
27
CaptoPRIL
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor (ACEIs)
28
EnalaPRIL
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor (ACEIs)
29
LisinoPRIL
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor (ACEIs)
30
Clonidine interaction
Mirtazapine decreases antihypertensive effect
31
Dry, non-productive cough
ACEI adverse effect
32
RamiPRIL
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor (ACEIs)
33
Indicated for HTN (coexisting diabetes, chronic kidney disease, MI, or HF) HF Chronic Kidney Disease
ACEIs
34
Adverse effects of both ACEIs and ARBs
- Hypotension - Hypokalemia - Contraindicated in pregnant patients - Contraindicated in patients w/ bilateral renal artery stenosis
35
Precaution in hypovolemia or dehydration
ACEI adverse effect
36
QuinaPRIL
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor (ACEIs)
37
Less likely to cause angioedema and cough
ARB
38
Can cause spruelike enteropathy (an intestinal problem w/ severe/chronic diarrhea resulting in severe weight loss
Olmesartan
39
Losartan
Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs)
40
Valsartan
Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs)
41
Candasartan
Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs)
42
Olmesartan
Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs)
43
Irbesartan
Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs)
44
Aliskiren
Direct renin inhibitor
45
Aliskiren MOA
results in blockade of conversion of Angiotensinogen to Angiotensin I
46
Aliskiren: indication
HTN
47
Aliskiren: adverse effects
- hyperkalemia - angioedema (less than ACEIs) - hypotension - hyperuricemia
48
Aliskiren w/ ARBs/ACEIs in patient w/ diabetes
contraindicated because of risk of renal impairment (GFR<60), hypotension, and hyperkalemia
49
Hydralazine
direct vasodilator
50
Hydralazine MOA
directly relaxes arterial smooth muscle
51
Hydralazine in combination w/ isosorbide is indicated for...?
HF
52
Lupus-like syndrome
Hydralazine adverse effect
53
Management of HTN
1st ACEI (ARB if ACEI intolerant) 2nd B-blocker 3rd Spironolactone
54
Other adverse effects of Hydralazine
- angina - fluid retention - headache - tachycardia
55
What can be used for HTN urgency?
Clonidine
56
HTN emergency
severe elevation of BP > 180/120 complicated w/ TARGET ORGAN DYSFUNCTION
57
HTN urgency
severe elevation of BP > 180/120 WITHOUT TARGET ORGAN DYSFUCNTION
58
Management of stroke
Thiazide | ACEI
59
Contraindicated in patients w/ a history of angioedema
ACEI adverse effect
60
Nitroprusside indication
hypertensive emergency
61
Headache Cyanide toxicity Methemoglobinemia Increased intracranial pressure
Nitroprusside adverse effects
62
Nitroprusside has drug interactions w/....?
PDE-5 inhibitors
63
Nitroprusside
Vasodilator (releases NO)
64
120-139/80-89
Prehypertension
65
140-159/90-99
Stage I hypertension
66
>160/>100
Stage II hypertension
67
120/80
Normal BP

Pharmacology (19 decks)

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