Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Y4 Farm - Miscellaneous > Antimicrobial use > Flashcards

Antimicrobial use Flashcards

(67 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Most common ABs used on farm

A
  • penicillin
  • amoxicillin
  • tetracyclines
  • TMPS
  • aminoglycosides
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Bactericidal vs bacteriostatic

A
  • bactericidal kills the bacteria
  • bacteriostatic suppresses the growth
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Penicillin: bactericidal or bacteriostatic?

A
  • bactericidal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Penicillin: safe in pregnancy?

A
  • yes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Penicillin: what does it penetrate in high doses?

A
  • joints
  • pleural cavity
  • peritoneal cavity
  • CNS
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What causes the resistance of penicillin?

A
  • beta-lactamase
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How is penicillin eliminated?

A
  • kidneys
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Examples of aminopenicillins

A
  • cloaxillin
  • ampicillin
  • amoxicillin
  • clavulanic acid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Benefit of aminopenicillins over penicillin?

A
  • work better against gram-negatives
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Cephalosporins: bactericidal or bacteriostatic?

A
  • bactericidal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What do cephalosporins work best against?

A
  • gram positive aerobes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Do cephalosporins penetrate the placenta?

A
  • yes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Why are cephalosporins not suitable for intra-mammary administration?

A
  • low lipid solubility so will become trapped
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Are cephalosporins safe in the pregnant animal?

A
  • yes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How are cephalosporins eliminated?

A
  • kidney
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Examples of 1st gen cephalosporins

A
  • cefalexin
  • cefalonium
  • cefazolin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Examples of 2nd gen cephalosporins

A
  • not used
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Examples of 3rd gen cephalosporins

A
  • ceftiofur
  • cefapirin
  • cefoperazone
  • cefovecin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Example of 4th gen cephalosporin

A
  • cefquinome
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What generation of cephalosporins is the most broad spec?

A
  • 4th gen
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Potentiated sulphonamides: bactericidal or bacteriostatic?

A
  • bactericidal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What do potentiated sulphonamides work well against?

A
  • gram positive aerobes
  • gram negative aerobes
  • some anaerobes but not clostridia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are potentiated sulphonamides deactivated by?

A
  • organic matter e.g. pus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Tissue penetration of potentiated sulphonamides

A

Good:
- CNS
- lung
- prostate
- skin
- mammary gland
- GIT
- urinary tract
- synovial fluid
- eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Are potentiated sulphonamides safe in pregnant animals?
- yes
26
What is potentiated sulphonamides metabolised by?
- liver
27
What are potentiated sulphonamides eliminated by?
- kidneys
28
Example of potentiated sulphonamide
- TMPS
29
Tetracyclines: bactericidal or bacteriostatic?
- bacteriostatic
30
What do tetracyclines work well against?
- gram negative - gram positive - some action against anaerobes
31
What specific bacteria do tetracyclines work well against?
- chlamydia - mycoplasma - bordetella - spirochaetes
32
What can tetracyclines penetrate?
- most bodily tissues and fluids
33
Examples of tetracyclines
- oxytetracycline - doxycycline
34
What trimester should you avoid the use of tetracyclines?
- 1st
35
Aminoglycosides: bactericidal or bacteriostatic?
- bactericidal
36
What do aminoglycosides work against?
- gram negative aerobes
37
Do aminoglycosides have good penetration?
- no
38
What are aminoglycosides deactivated by?
- pus
39
Are aminoglycosides safe in pregnant animals?
- yes
40
What other class of antibiotic can aminoglycosides be combined with?
- penicillin
41
Examples of aminoglycosides
- gentamicin - streptomycin - neomycin
42
What aminoglycosides is banned in food-producing animals?
- gentamycin
43
Macrolides: bacteriostatic or bactericidal?
- bacteriostatic
44
What do macrolides work against?
- gram positive - gram negative
45
Do macrolides have good or poor penetration?
- good
46
Where are macrolides excreted?
- bile
47
What macrolide can not be used in lactating animals?
- tulathromycin
48
Examples of macrolides
- erythromycin - tulathromycin - tilmicosin
49
What category of antibiotics should be used in the first instance?
- cat D
50
When can category C antibiotics be considered?
- when cat D is not clinically effective
51
When can category B antibiotics be considered?
- when there is no appropriate cat C or D
52
When can category A antibiotics be considered?
- never -- not authorised in food-producing animals
53
Examples of cat D AB
- amoxicillin - oxytet - penicillin - cloaxicillin - TMPS
54
Examples of cat C AB
- streptomycin - amoxiclav - cefalexin - florefenicol - tulathromycin
55
Examples of cat B AB
- cephalosporin 3rd & 4th gen - polymixins - quinolones
56
What AB would you give: BRD infection
- oxytet
57
What AB would you give: bacterial meningitis
- TMPS
58
What AB would you give: Pig with diamond shaped skin lesions on its back?
- penicillin
59
What is the likely diagnosis of a pig with diamond shaped skin lesions on its back?
- erysipelas
60
What AB would you give: Sheep with head tilt, circling with a flaccid left ear?
- penicillin
61
What AB would you give: Large swelling of carpus in a calf?
- penicillin
62
What AB would you give: A cow with a stiff gait, elevated tail head and muscle tremors in the hindlimb?
- penicillin
63
What AB would you give: Recumbent pyrexic calf with no suckle reflex?
- TMPS
64
What AB would you give: 3cm red raw lesion in the interdigital space of the hindclaw?
- oxytet
65
What AB would you give: Young heifers at grass with corneal opaqueness, blepharospasm and photospasm?
- oxytet
66
What AB would you give: Ewe that is depressed with harsh lung sounds?
- oxytet
67
What is the likely diagnosis for a cow with a stiff gait, elevated tail head and muscle tremors in the hindlimb?
- tetanus

Y4 Farm - Miscellaneous (22 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions