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Pharmacology > Antinematodals/beginning msc > Flashcards

Antinematodals/beginning msc Flashcards

0
Q

Antiparasitics constitute what?

A

The largest groups of chemical agents used in vet Ned

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1
Q

What are antiparasitics?

A

Drugs that kill or inhibit internal parasites or external

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2
Q

What are four things to base your choice of antoparasitic on?

A

Susceptibility or parasite
Toxicity to animal
Price
Ease of application

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3
Q

What does anthemic mean?

A

Drugs used to kill helminth parasites or internal parasites

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4
Q

What are two examples of tetrahydropyrimidines?

A

Pyrantel and morantel

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5
Q

What do tetrahydropyrimidines do to parasites?

A

Kill parasites by interfering with their CNS

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6
Q

What will tetrahydropyrimidines kill in horses? 3

A

Ascarids, strongyles, pinworms

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7
Q

What will tetrahydropyrimidines kill in cattle?

A

Strongyles

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8
Q

What will tetrahydropyrimidines kill in dogs and cats?

A

Ascarids and hookworms

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9
Q

What antoparasitic should you be cautious about when using tetrahydropyrimidines?

A

Organophosphates

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10
Q

What should you do with liquid forms of purantel?

A

Shake and mix thoroughly

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11
Q

What antinematodal is used in most species?

A

Tetrahydropyrimidines

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12
Q

What are six examples of benzimidazoles?

A

Fenbendazole, me bendable, thiabendaziole, ocibendazole, albendazole, oz fenbendazole

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13
Q

What happens to febantel in the liver?

A

It is metabolized to fenbendazole and oxfenbendazole

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14
Q

What do benzimidazoles do to nematodes?

A

Kill them by interfering with their energy metabolism

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15
Q

What do benzimidazoles do in horses? 3

A

Strongyles, pinworms, and Ascarids

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16
Q

What do benzimidazoles do to cattle? 4

A

Kill Ascarids, pinworms, strongyles, and other stomach worms

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17
Q

What does albendazole effect in attle?

A

Liver flukes

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18
Q

What does fenbendazole effect in cattle?

A

Lungworms

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19
Q

What do benzimidazoles effect in dogs and cats? 4

A

Ascarids, hookworms, whipworms, tapeworms

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20
Q

What tapeworm is benzimidazoles effective against and not against?

A

No dipylidium, yes to taenia

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21
Q

What are two side effects of benzimidazoles?

A

Vomiting, diarrhea,

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22
Q

What benzimidazoles can be toxic to the liver?

A

Mebendazole

23
Q

What are three examples of piperazines?

A

Piperazines dihydrochloride, piperazines citrate, diethylcarbamazine citrate

24
Q

What do piperazines do to nematodes?

A

Paralyze the worms

25
Q

What types of nematodes are piperazines effective against?

A

Ascarids in dogs and cats

26
Q

What antinematodal must be given ones a day as a heart worm preventative?

A

Piperazines

27
Q

What antinematodal can you buy OTC?

A

Piperazines

28
Q

What are four examples of avermectins?

A

Ivermectin, moxidectin, doramectin, selamectin

29
Q

What do avermectins do to nematodes?

A

Kill them by interfering with their CNS

30
Q

What antinematodal is mostly used in large animals? 2

A

Avermectins and levamisole

31
Q

What do avermectins kill in horses? 4

A

Bots, Ascarids, strongyles, pinworms

32
Q

What do avermectins kill in cattle? 2

A

Strongyles and lungworms

33
Q

What do avermectins kill in dogs?

A

Microfilaria stage of heartworm

34
Q

What does avermectins kill in cats? 5

A

Ascarids and hookworms fleas and mites

35
Q

What breed has a problem with ivermectin?

A

Collies

36
Q

What are four toxic signs of ivermectin in collies?

A

Dilated pupils, ataxia, tremors, depression

37
Q

Why do cattle and horses have reCtions to ivermectin?

A

Body’s inflammatory reaction to dead parasites

38
Q

What are three examples of Organophosphates?

A

Dichlorvos, trichlorfom, coumaphos

39
Q

What do Organophosphates do to parasites?

A

Kill them by interfering with their CNS

40
Q

What do Organophosphates effect in horses?

A

Not worms

41
Q

What type of parasite do Organophosphates mostly attack?

A

External

42
Q

What do Organophosphates effect in dogs? 3

A

Ascarids, hookworms, whipworms

43
Q

What are two examples of levamisole?

A

Levasole and tramisol

44
Q

What does levamisole do to parasites?

A

Effects the CNS

45
Q

How are levamisole a administered?

A

Oral or injection

46
Q

What antoparasitic is an immuno stimulant?

A

Levamisole

47
Q

What does levamisole effect in horses? 2

A

Ascarids and strongyles

48
Q

What does levamisole effect in cattle?

A

Strongyles and lungworms

49
Q

What does levamisole effect in dogs and cats?

A

Lungworms

50
Q

What are two adulticides?

A

Thiaventarsimide and melatsomine

51
Q

What adulticide is IV, can cause sloughing, liver and kidney problems? And vomit?

A

Thiacetatsamide

52
Q

What adulticide is less toxic, preferred for adult heartworms, IM, and is done in 2 doses?

A

Melarsamine

53
Q

What are five microfilariacides/preventatives?

A

Diethylcarbamazine, ivermectin, millbrmycin oxime, selamectin, moxidectin

54
Q

What types of worms does milbemycin oxime attack? 3

A

Ascarids, whipworms, hookworms

Pharmacology (28 decks)

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