Antioxidants Flashcards
Ferritin is important for production of ROS because…
It sequesters iron so the fenton reaction can’t occur
What are 5 ways the body defends itself against ROS damage?
Compartmentalization of ROS Repair mechanisms Metal sequestration Defensive enzymes Exogenous and endogenous antioxidants
What three enzymes are critical in ROS damage prevention?
Superoxide dismutase
Glutathione reductase
catalase
What enzyme is implicated in familial ALS?
Superoxide dismutase
What reaction does superoxide dismutase catalyze?
Superoxide to hydrogen peroxide
What enzyme catalyzes the reaction of H2O2 to water and oxygen?
Catalase
What is the enzyme that contains selenium in the glutathione cycle?
Glutathione peroxidase
Does Vitamin E work by donating or receiving the free radical?
Donating
What biological molecule receives Vitamin E’s electron?
Lipid peroxys
How does Vitamin C work in radical reduction?
Donates electron to oxidized Vit E
What is vitamin A (beta carotene) used to quench?
Singlet oxygen
What are two ways in which flavinoids prevent/sequester ROS?
Chelate metals
Donate electrons to superoxide or lipids
Where is uric acid useful in ROS reduction?
Serum
Upper airways
What does melatonin do for ROS?
Donates electrons
This vitamin deficiency is recognized by:
- Impaired wound healing
- Bleeding ecchymoses
- Swollen gums
- Anemia
- Enlargement and keratosis of hair follicles
- lethargy
- depression
Vitamin C
