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HML II > Antiparasites and antiprotozoals > Flashcards

Antiparasites and antiprotozoals Flashcards

1
Q

Prevents malarial organism from using heme leading to build-up of free heme and oxidative damage

A

Chloroquine

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2
Q

Mechanism of resistance to chloroquine

A

Decreased IC accumulation by increased activity of membrane transporters

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3
Q

Adverse effects of low dose chloroquine

A

GI irritation
Rash

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4
Q

Adverse effects of high dose chloroquine

A

Severe skin lesions
Porphyria attacks
Retinal damage
Peripheral neuropathies

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5
Q

Mechanism of artemisinins

A

Derivatives metabolized in food vacuole of parasite to form toxic free radicals

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6
Q

First choice for chloroquine resistant malaria

A

Artemisinins

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7
Q

First-line drug for malaria prophylaxis in areas with chloroquine resistance

A

Mefloquine

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8
Q

Side effects of mefloquine

A

GI distress
Rash
Cardiac conduction defects at high doses

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9
Q

Works by forming quinoline-quinone metabolites that act on cellular oxidants to form intra-parasitic toxic oxygen species

A

Primaquine

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10
Q

Side effects of primaquine

A

Pruritus
Methemoglobinemia
Hemolysis in G6PD

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11
Q

Works by complexing with dsDNA to prevent strand separation in malaria

A

Quinine

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12
Q

Features of cinchonism in quinine toxicity

A

GI distress
HA
Vertigo
Blurry vision
Tinnitus

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13
Q

Overdose of quinine causes what

A

Cardiac toxicity

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14
Q

Antifolates that can treat malaria

A

Sulfadoxine
Pyrimethamine
Proguanil
Dapsone

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15
Q

Treatment of choice for babesiosis

A

Atovaquone + azithromycin

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16
Q

Alternative treatment for babesiosis

A

Clindamycin + quinine

17
Q

Treatment of choice for anaplasmosis and ehrlichiosis

A

Doxycycline

18
Q

Treatment of choice for Rickettsia

A

Doxycycline

19
Q

Alternative treatment for Rickettsia

A

Chloramphenicol

20
Q

Treatment of choice for lymphatic filariasis

A

Diethylcarbamazine (DEC)

21
Q

Alternative treatment for lymphatic filariasis

A

Ivermectin

HML II (15 decks)

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