Antipsychotics

Question 1

what are antipsychotics used for

Answer 1

decrease agitation and psychotic symptoms of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders

Question 2

what are antipsychotics also known as

Answer 2

neuroleptics

Question 3

what is the action of first generation antipsychotics

Answer 3

block dopamine receptors

target positive symptoms (can make negative symptoms worse)

Question 4

describe first generation antipsychotics

Answer 4

typical
inexpensive
many side effects (dry pt out, significant EPS)

Question 5

describe second generation antipsychotics

Answer 5

atypical
weaker dopamine blockers
less symptoms
early EPS
TD

Question 6

what will MOST antipsychotics cause

Answer 6

patient weight gain

increased prolactin levels (increased breast tissue)

Question 7

what are the schizophrenia A words

Answer 7

anergia, affect, anhedonia, apathy, ambivalence, anosognosia

Question 8

deficiency of energy

Answer 8

anergia

Question 9

inability to experience pleasure

Answer 9

anhedonia

Question 10

indifference of disinterest in environment

Answer 10

apathy

Question 11

coexistence of opposite emotions towards same subject, object, or situation

Answer 11

ambivalence

Question 12

lack of insight or awareness of personal illness

Answer 12

anosognosia

Question 13

feelings of despair, quickly converting to unrestrained merriment and ecstasy

Answer 13

labile

Question 14

what are the side effects of extrapyramidal

Answer 14

akinesia, akathisisa, dystonia, oculogyric crisis

Question 15

muscle weakness

Answer 15

akinesia

Question 16

continuous restlessness/fidgeting

Answer 16

akathisia

Question 17

involuntary muscle movement

spasms in face, arms, legs and neck

Answer 17

dystonia

Question 18

uncontrolled rolling back of the eyes

Answer 18

oculogyric crisis

Question 19

what side effects of EPS should be treated as an emergency and why

Answer 19

dystonia and oculogyric crisis due to laryngospasm

Question 20

what is prescribed to reverse EPS symtpoms

Answer 20

Benadryl 
Antiparkinsonian agents (anticholinergics, antihistamine)

Question 21

can you drink alcohol with antipsychotics

Answer 21

no

Question 22

what is schizoaffective

Answer 22

mood disorder (depression or mania0 + schizophrenia

Question 23

type of delusional disorder where pt believes someone of a higher status is in love with them

Answer 23

erotomanic

Question 24

this is the most common medication that is known to trigger a manic response

Answer 24

steroids

Question 25

what is the acute and maintenance therapeutic levels of lithium

Answer 25

acute: 1-1.5 maintenance: 0.6-1.2

Question 26

lithium education

Answer 26

``` take regularly drowsiness/dizziness is common carry id that says pt is on lithium weight gain is common serum needs to be checked every 1-2 mos ```

Question 27

side effects to notify provider of if on lithium

Answer 27

nausea, vomiting, diarrhea | can cause sodium loss

Question 28

toxiicity symptoms of lithium

Answer 28

NVD, ataxia, blurred vision, tinnitus, increased tremors and urine output

Question 29

when should restraints be reissued and observed

Answer 29

adults: every 4 hours kids: every 1-2 hours observed every 15 min

Question 30

what is VERY importanat to monitor if patient is on clozapine

Answer 30

agranulocytosis- fatal blood disorder that decreases WBC to very low levels

Question 31

education of antipsychotics

Answer 31

``` do not stop abruptly wear sunscreen report weekly for blood draws risks with pregnancy do not drink alcohol do not take with other meds unless provider approved ```

Question 32

movement disorder muscles contract involuntarily stiffness and pain can be caused by antipsychotics

Answer 32

dystonic reaction

Question 33

side effects of antipsychotics

Answer 33

anticholinergic effects, NVD, skin rash, sedation, orthostatic HTN, photosensitivity, hormonal effects, EKG changes, hypersalivation, weight gain, hyperglycemina/diabetes, decrease seizure threshold, agranulocytosis, EPS, TD, neuroleptic malignant