Chapter 17 Bipolar

Question 1

a pervasive and sustained emotion that may have a major influence on a person’s perception of the world

Answer 1

mood

Question 2

the emotional reaction associated with an experience

Answer 2

affect

Question 3

an alteration in mood that is expressed by feelings of elation, inflated self-esteem, grandiosity, hyperactivity, agitation, and accelerated thinking and speaking

Answer 3

mania

Question 4

describe bipolar epidemiology

Answer 4

gender incidence is equal
average onset is 20s
more common in single people
more common in increased socioeconomic classes

Question 5

characterized by mood swings from profound depression to extreme euphoria (mania), with intervening periods of normalcy

Answer 5

bipolar disorder

Question 6

are delusions and hallucinations part of the clinical picture of bipolar disorder

Answer 6

sometimes

Question 7

milder form of mania

Answer 7

hypomania

Question 8

describe bipolar 1 disorder

Answer 8

Client is experiencing, or has experienced, a full syndrome of manic or mixed symptoms.
May also have experienced episodes of depression

Question 9

describe bipolar 2 disorder

Answer 9

Characterized by bouts of major depression with episodic occurrence of hypomania
Has never met criteria for full manic episode

Question 10

describe cyclothymic disorder

Answer 10

Chronic mood disturbance
At least 2-year duration
Numerous episodes of hypomania and depressed mood of insufficient severity to meet the criteria for either bipolar I or II disorder

Question 11

biological causes of bipolar disorder

Answer 11

genetics
excess norepinephrine and dopamine
brain lesion
med side effects

Question 12

Bipolar disorder is viewed as

Answer 12

a disease of the brain

Question 13

drug therapy for children with bipolar

Answer 13

Lithium
Divalproex
Carbamazepine
Atypical antipsychotics

Question 14

what is a common co morbid condition of children with bipolar

Answer 14

ADHD

Question 15

Symptoms may be categorized by

Answer 15

degree of severity

Question 16

stage 1 of bipolar

Answer 16

Hypomania: Symptoms not sufficiently severe to cause marked impairment in social or occupational functioning or to require hospitalization
cheerful mood, rapid flow of ideas, increased motor activity

Question 17

stage 2 of bipolar

Answer 17

Acute mania: Marked impairment in functioning; usually requires hospitalization
elation/euphoria, flight of ideas, hallucinations/delusions, excessive motor activity

Question 18

stage 3 of bipolar

Answer 18

Delirious mania: A grave form of the disorder characterized by an intensification of the symptoms associated with acute mania. The condition is rare since the advent of antipsychotic medication.
Labile, anxiety, frenzied

Question 19

Evaluation of the effectiveness of the nursing interventions is measured by

Answer 19

fulfillment of the outcome criteria

Question 20

treatment modalities for bipolar disorder

Answer 20

Individual psychotherapy
Group therapy
Family therapy
Cognitive therapy

Question 21

Learning how to live a safe, dignified, full, and self-determined life in the face of the enduring disability which may, at times, be associated with serious mental illness

Answer 21

recovery model

Question 22

what can be used to treat episodes of mania if pt is not responding to meds

Answer 22

ECT

Question 23

meds for mania

Answer 23

Lithium carbonate
Anticonvulsants
Verapamil
Antipsychotics

Question 24

what may trigger mania

Answer 24

antidepressants

Question 25

anticonvulsant education

Answer 25

Refrain from discontinuing the drug abruptly. Report the following symptoms to the physician immediately: skin rash, unusual bleeding, spontaneous bruising, sore throat, fever, malaise, dark urine, and yellow skin or eyes. Avoid using alcohol and over-the-counter medications without approval from physician

Question 26

what is lithium used for

Answer 26

mania

Question 27

Verapamil education

Answer 27

Do not discontinue the drug abruptly. | Rise slowly from sitting or lying position to prevent sudden drop in blood pressure.

Question 28

what symptoms following verapamil should be reported to the physician

Answer 28

``` Irregular heart beat; chest pain Shortness of breath; pronounced dizziness Swelling of hands and feet Profound mood swings Severe and persistent headache ```

Question 29

What is the difference between Bipolar Affective Disorder (BAD) I and II?

Answer 29

1: full mania 2: hypomania and major depression

Question 30

chronic mood disturbance of at least 2 years in duration and never without symptoms for more than 2 months

Answer 30

cyclothymic disorder

Question 31

characterized by manic episodes that can but does not have to also occur alongside episodes of depression

Answer 31

BAD

Question 32

What are nursing diagnoses commonly used with a patient exhibiting mania?

Answer 32

Risk for Injury, Risk for Violence: Self-Directed or Other-Directed, Imbalanced Nutrition: Less Than Body Requirements, and Impaired Social Interaction.

Question 33

What are the curative factors

Answer 33

installation of hope, universality, imparting of info, altruism, Corrective recapitulation of the primary family group, development of socializing techniques, Imitative behavior, interpersonal learning, Group cohesiveness,Catharsis, existential factors

Question 34

assimilated by group members to help individuals gain self-esteem through mutual sharing and concern for each other. Providing assistance and support to others creates a positive self-image and promotes self-growth.

Answer 34

altruism

Question 35

"the individual is taught to control thought distortions that are considered to be a factor in the development and maintenance of mood disorders"

Answer 35

cognitive theory

Question 36

Bipolar Affect disorder most likely results from an interaction between which three determinants?

Answer 36

Genetic, biological, and psycho-social factors most likely result in Bipolar disorder

Question 37

when is early onset and very early onset schizophrenia

Answer 37

early: <17 | very early: <13

Question 38

the client is taught to say loudly, "Go away!" or "Leave me alone!" in a conscious effort to dismiss the auditory perception. This activity allows the client to exert some conscious control over auditory hallucinations.

Answer 38

voice dismissal

Question 39

Is BAD completely treatable, with no further episodes?

Answer 39

In bipolar disorder, recovery is a continuous process. Although there is no cure for bipolar disorder, recover is possible in the sense of learning to prevent and minimize symptoms and to successfully cope with the effects of the illness on mood, career, and social life