Chapter 1

Question 1

The concepts of mental health and mental illness are _______ _______

Answer 1

culturally defined

Question 2

what is at the top of Maslow’s Hierarchy

Answer 2

self actualization

Question 3

this is the succesful adaptation to stressors from the internal or external environment, evidenced by thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that are age appropriate and congruent with local and cultural norms

Answer 3

mental health

Question 4

what are Maslow’s hierarchy of needs

Answer 4

1) physiological needs 2) safety and security 3) love and belonging 4) self esteem 5) self actualization

Question 5

maladaptive responses to stressors from the internal or external environment, evidenced by thoughts, feelings and hegabiors that are incongruent with the local and cultural norms that interfere with the individual’s functioning

Answer 5

mental illness

Question 6

who published stages of the physical reponse to stress

Answer 6

Seleye

General Adaption Syndrome

Question 7

what are the stages of the general adaption syndrome

Answer 7

1) alarm reaction stage
2) stage of resistance
3) stage of exhaustion

Question 8

without intervention, what follows the stage of exhaustion

Answer 8

death

Question 9

what are the biological responses associated with the fight or flight syndrome

Answer 9

immediate and sustained responses

Question 10

what occurs during the immediate response

Answer 10

the hypothalmaus stimulates the sympathetic nervous system which causes:
epiniephrine secretion, pupil dilation, lacrimal gland secretion, bronchodilation, RR increased, and increase of cardiac output, heart rate and BP

Question 11

what occurs during the sustained response

Answer 11

occurs when the stress respnose is not relieved immediately and causes:
glucocorticoids, retention of sodium/water, ADH, increased serum glucose, increased basal metabolic rate, decreased sex hormones

Question 12

who identified certain elements associated with individual’s perceptions of mental illness

Answer 12

Horwitz

Question 13

Horwitz describes cultural influences that affect how individuals view mental illness, which include

Answer 13

Incomprehensibility and Cultural relativity

Question 14

The “normality” of behavior is determined by the culture.

Answer 14

Cultural relativity

Question 15

The inability of the general population to understand the motivation behind the behavior

Answer 15

incomprehensibility

Question 16

the state manifested by a specific syndrome which consists of all the nonspecifically induced changes within a biologic system

Answer 16

stress (fight or flight syndrome)

Question 17

primary psychological response patterns to stress

Answer 17

anxiety and grief

Question 18

is determined by the extent to which the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors interfere with an individual’s functioning

Answer 18

adaption

Question 19

A diffuse apprehension that is vague in nature and is associated with feelings of uncertainty and helplessness
Extremely common in our society

Answer 19

anxiety

Question 20

is adaptive and can provide motivation for survival.

Answer 20

mild anxiety

Question 21

Peplau’s four levels of anxiety

Answer 21

mild, moderate, severe, panic

Question 22

describe the levels of anxiety

Answer 22

Mild: Seldom a problem
Moderate: Perceptual field begins to diminish
Severe: Perceptual field diminishes greatly
Panic: The most intense state

Question 23

not all defense mechanisms are ______

Answer 23

negative

Question 24

individuals employ various coping mechanisms to deal with stress

Answer 24

at the mild level (ie/ eating, drinking, and sleeping)

Question 25

the strength of the ego is tested, occurs under stressful situations and anxiety

Answer 25

at the mild to moderate level

Question 26

why are ego defense mechanisms employed

Answer 26

for protection

Question 27

covering up a real or perceived weakness by emphasizing a trait one considers more desirable

Answer 27

compensation

Question 28

refusing to acknoledge the existence of a real situation or the feelings associated with it

Answer 28

denial

Question 29

the transfer of feelings from one target to another that is considered less threatening or that is neutral

Answer 29

displacement

Question 30

attempting to make excuses or formulate logical reasons to justify unacceptable feelings or behaviors

Answer 30

rationalization

Question 31

preventing unacceptable or undesirable thoughts or behaviors from being expressed by exaggerating opposite thoughts or types of behaviors

Answer 31

reaction formation

Question 32

responding to stress by retreating to an earlier level of development and the comfort measures associated with that level of functioning

Answer 32

regression

Question 33

an attept to increase self worth by acquiring certain attributes and characteristics of an individual one admires

Answer 33

identification

Question 34

involuntary blocking unpleasant feelings an experiences from one's awareness

Answer 34

repression

Question 35

an attempt to avoid expressing actual emotions associated with a stressful situation by using intellectual processes of logic, reasoning, and analysis

Answer 35

intellectualization

Question 36

rechanneling of drives or impulses that are personally or socially unacceptable into activities that are constructive

Answer 36

sublimation

Question 37

integrating the beliefs and values of antoher indiviudal into one's own ego structure

Answer 37

introjection

Question 38

the voluntary blocking of unpleasant feelings and experiences from one's awareness

Answer 38

suppression

Question 39

separating a thought or memory from the feeling, tone, or emotion associated with it

Answer 39

isolation

Question 40

symbolically negating or canceling out an experience that one finds intolerable

Answer 40

undoing

Question 41

attributing feelings or impulses unacceptable to one's self to antoher person

Answer 41

projection

Question 42

anxiety at what level can lead to physiologicla disorders

Answer 42

moderate to severe level

Question 43

what can result in phychoneurotic patterns of behaving

Answer 43

repressed severe anxiety

Question 44

anxiety at what level can result in psychosis

Answer 44

Extended periods of functioning at the panic level of anxiety

Question 45

Examples of psychotic disorders

Answer 45

schizophrenia, schizoaffective, and delusional disorders

Question 46

significant thought disturbance in which reality testing is impaired, resulting in delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech or catatonic behavior

Answer 46

psychosis

Question 47

individual is unaware of any psychological problem

Answer 47

anosognosia

Question 48

The subjective state of emotional, physical, and social responses to the loss of a valued entity

Answer 48

grief

Question 49

the loss associate with grief..

Answer 49

may be real or perceived

Question 50

what are the 5 stages of grief

Answer 50

1) Denial 2) Anger 3) Bargaining 4) Depression 5) Acceptance

Question 51

who identified the 5 stages of grief

Answer 51

Kubler-Ross

Question 52

The experiencing of the grief process before the actual loss occurs

Answer 52

Anticipatory grief

Question 53

Length of the grief process is entirely individual; it can last from a few weeks to years; it is influenced by a number of factors

Answer 53

resolution

Question 54

what does anticipatory grief do

Answer 54

shorten the grief response when the loss actually occurs

Question 55

often lengthens the grieving process

Answer 55

guilt

Question 56

Resolution of the grief response occurs when

Answer 56

when an individual can look back on the relationship with the lost entity and accept both the pleasures and the disappointments of the association

Question 57

Maladaptive grief responses

Answer 57

Prolonged response Delayed/inhibited response Distorted response

Question 58

intense preoccupation with memories of the lost entitiy for many years after the loss has occurred

Answer 58

prolonged response

Question 59

indiviudal becomes fixed in the denial stage of the grieving process

Answer 59

delayed response

Question 60

individual is fixed in the anger stage of grieving

Answer 60

distorted response