Antiviral Immunity II Flashcards
(27 cards)
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The TLR family is homologous to what
Drosophilia protein Toll
TLRs have repeats of what amino acid
Extracellular leucine rich repeats
IL-1R mediates responses to what?
PAMPs
Both TLRs and IL-1R have what domain
TIR
What cells express TLR3
cDC, macrophage, NK
What cells express TLR7
pDC, NK cell, B cell, eosinophil
What cells express TLR8
NK cell
What cells express TLR9
pDC, NK cell, B cell, eosinohphil
What do TLR3 recongise
dsRNA
What do TLR7 recongise
ssRNA
What does TLR8 recognise
ssRNA
What does TLR9 recognise
CpG nt in DNA
What pathway do TLR7/8/9 signal through to Nfkb
MyD88
In pCD what does the pathway use to induce IFN alpha transcription
IRF7
TLR3 singals through what pathway and to what proteins
via TRIF to NfkB and to IRF3 to induce pro-inflammatory cytokines and IFNs
What cytokines do the DCs produce to drive APC activation
IL-12 and IL-18
What does IL-12 activate
CD4+ T cell
What cytokines activate NK cells
IL 12 and 18
What DC produce what cytokine to active an antiviral state
IFN beta and alpha
Which type of DC produces lots of type I IFN alpha and beta
pDC
What sensors detect viral ribonucleic aicds
RNA helicases, RLRs
Detection of viral DNA by cGAS pathway
DNA should never be present in the cytoplasm.
GMP-AMP synthase cGAS recognising dsDNA from DNA viruses and dsDNA that is produced by retroviruses.
DNA binding causing cGAS to make cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) which activates stimulator of interferon genes (STING) on the ER in both infected and neighbouring cells.
cGAMP binding causes STING to form dimers and undergo Lys63-linked ubiquitination mediated by TRIM32 and TRIM56.
STING then moves to Golgi interacts with TBK-1 and phosphorylation triggers activation of IRF-3.
Small DNA virus examples
Picorna, HPV, HCV
What are some large DNA viruses
CMV, Pox, EBV
