Aortic Valve

Question 1

Aortc valve is also called

Answer 1

Tricuspid valve (three cusps)

Question 2

Cusps are seperayed by

Answer 2

3 commisures
Supported by fibrous annulus

Question 3

Normal surface area of aortic valve

Answer 3

03-04cm2

Question 4

Narrowing of valve is called

Answer 4

Stenosis

Question 5

Diff bw sclerosis vs Stenosis

Answer 5

Sclerosis

very common
Thickening degeneration and calcification
Wear and tear phenomenon
Normally with ageing
On top of diseased valve
Anatomically abnormal valve
Few patients develope stenosis
Most common anotomically abnormal valve is bicuspid–stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease–degeneratipn and calcification– stenosis

Question 6

Most important cause of stenosis

Answer 6

Sclerosis (degeneration and calcification)

Question 7

Pathophtsiology of stenosis

Answer 7

Inflammation
Atherosclerosis
Osteoblastic transformation

Question 8

What percent of males have aortic stenosis

Answer 8

80%

Question 9

Degenerative calcification of the aortic cusp on a substrate of

Answer 9

BAV Or rheumatic

Question 10

Valve myofibroblast diffrentiates into osteoblast by deposition of

Answer 10

Calcium hydroxy apatite

Question 11

CF

Answer 11

Lv outflow issue

Question 12

Compensation of heart for aortic stenosis

Answer 12

Concentric left ventricular hypertrophy

Increased gradiant across valve

Increased peak flow velocity

Decrease in valve surface area (stenosis)

Question 13

What is sever aortic stenosis

Answer 13

40/4/1 rule

Mean transvalvular gradient across the valve is
40 mm hg

Peak flow velocity is>4 m/sec

Valve surface area <1cm2

Question 14

Common cause of aortic stenosis in young adults

Answer 14

Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV)

Question 15

Most common congenital valve defect

Answer 15

Bicuspid aortic valve

Autosomal dominant

NOTCH 1/endothelial nitric oxide synthase defect

75%AS/ 20%AR