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AP World History > AP world history : The Hellenistic World > Flashcards

AP world history : The Hellenistic World Flashcards

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1
Q

Crete

A

Palace society/civilization
Knossos : political center
Center of exchange
Religious significance

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2
Q

What caused the decline of the Minoan civilization

A

Volcanic eruptions on the island of Thera

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3
Q

Mycenaeans

A

Indoeuropeans : s.russia, Europe, India, Persia

Skills: war and piracy

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4
Q

Minoans

A

Influence: Linear A —> Linear B
Technology: pottery
Trade

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5
Q

Where and when do Dorian’s take over

A

After Troy is destroyed. Troy

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6
Q

Age of kings

A

Polis: small city states. Sovereign urban center. Governed itself and surrounding region
Small area, population

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7
Q

Agora

A

Marketplace

Economic and political

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8
Q

Acropolis

A

Social, political, and religious city state

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9
Q

Tyrants

A 
Popular government 
Assemblies
People invited into countries to settle disputes between rich and poor 
Nobles (land) 
Merchants (\$\$$) 
Small farmers
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10
Q

Athens

A 
Metics: non citizens 
Govt: assembly: all citizens represented, citizens divided into 4 classes.
3 classes : right to vote
2 classes : chosen archons
Court system : no written laws 
All judges : nobles
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11
Q

Sparta

A

Came from Dorian’s
Peloponnesus
Characterized by: militaristic, xenophobic, totalitarian
20:1 helots –> Spartans
Monarchs
2 kings
Ephors: elected from assembly, all male over30, ruled in relationship with council of elders (60 ys), maintain discipline

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12
Q

Solon

A

Athens
Council of 400
100 fork. Each class
Officials chosen from the top 3 classes

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13
Q

Persian wars

A 
Ionian Greeks
Athens: in sighting the Greeks to rebel and financially support
Marathon - G
Thermopylae - P
Salamis- G
Plataea - G
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14
Q

Results of the Persian wars

A 
Greek cooperation
Persian defeat but Persian threat still remained
Greek culture preserved
The Delian league
Athens burned down
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15
Q

The Delian league

A

Anti Persian alliance or attempt by the Athenian empire to seize power
Pericles
200 cit states providing money and resources to rebel Persia

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16
Q

Pericles

A

Salary to govt officials and jurors
Rise to democracy by giving the poor a chance in the govt
Corinth: chief rival to trade with Athens
Alliances with city states to stop trade with Corinth
Corinth and Sparta become alliances
Peloponnesian war : Athens surrenders
Rise to Philip of Macedonia : invades Greece

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17
Q

Alexander

A

Anatolia, Persia, Mesopotamia, Central Asia, Egypt, Indus Valley
Ability to conquest comes from: military , genius , personal courage

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18
Q

Impacts of Alexander the Great

A 
Construction of 100 cities across empires : spread Greek culture
New culture : Hellenistic 
Intermarriage between Greeks and natives
Migrate
Use of Greek
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19
Q

Post Alexander

A 
Hellenistic world 
Cosmopolitan
Interaction
Integration
Greek
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20
Q

RESULTS

A 
Greek language
Urbanization of eastern Mediterranean 
Mixed economy
Agriculture, manufacturing
Trade
Cultural unity without political unity
Lots of interaction and exchange
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21
Q

Alexandria

A

Museum : temple for muses
Library
Lighthouse

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22
Q

Socrates

A

The unreasoned life is not worth living
Socratic method
Sentenced to death for questioning the existence of gods

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23
Q

Plato

A 
Dialogues : Socrates and Plato's teachings
Academy
Concept of ideas and for s
Universals
Virtue : idea of the good
Ideal state : similar to Sparta, basis is justice, workers, soldiers, philosophers, philosopher kings
Abolition of family and private property
The republic: the ideal state 
Aristotes disciple
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24
Q

Aristotle

A

Lyceum : center of learning, dedicated to science
Ideal state: monarchy, aristocracy, democracy, philosopher king, educated elite, popular assembly
Reason: scholasticism: faith through reason

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25
Cynics (skeptics)
Encouraged the people to live simple life All material possessions were unnecessary and nature would provide what one needed Similar to Hinduism Ascetics? Simple life for virtue Did not want to conform to the conventions of the day
26
Epicureans
Believed that the greek gods existed but did not interact with human affairs The greatest philosophyisthepursuit of pleasure (absence of pain) Similar to Theravada Buddhism
27
Stoics
Believed that the highest goal of humans was to peruse virtue which could o ly be achieved by living in harmony with nature Passion : suffering and pai Gender equality Similar to Confucianism
28
Rome origins mythical
Room,us and Remus | Anaeid and Virgil
29
Etruscans
Govt city buildings art law
30
Greece impact on Rome
Language religion
31
Minoan society
Crete Built lavish palaces throughout island Enormous complex at Knossos decorated with vivid frescoes depicting Minoans at work and play Palaces were nerve centers of society: residences were rulers, storehouses where officials collected taxes Linear A: symbols stood for syllables
32
Mycenean
Migratory indoeuropeans adopted Minoan Linear A into language to create Linear B Massive stone fortresses and palaces throughout S.greek peninsula (Peloponnesus)
33
E.mediterranean chaos
Trojan war
34
Polis
Taxed Lacked centralized govt Commercial centers Eventually became city states
35
Spartan society
Citizens equal i status Simple, frugal, austere Distinctions came from prowess, discipline, and military talent
36
Athenian society
``` Aristocrats increased holdings of land and owners of small plots could not complete leaving them heavily in debt. Solon devised solution to class conflict ```
37
Solon allowed.....
Aristocrats to keep their lands rather than confiscate them, but he cancelled debts nd forbade debt slavery, and liberated those already enslaved to debt
38
Greeks did not build
Centralized imperial state
39
Thucydides
Wrote a detailed history of the peloponnesian war
40
Antigonoid empire
Smallest of Hellenistic empires
41
Ptolemaic empire
Wealthiest
42
Alexandria is
Ptolemaic capital Enormous harbor Megalopolis
43
Seleucid empire
Geek influence reached its highest | Greek and Aramaic
44
Sappho
Compost 9 volumes of poetry
45
Greek science and mathematics
Observable evidence
46
Etruscans
Migrated from Italy to Anatolia
47
Roman republic
2 consuls who wielded civil and military power Plebeians threatened to rebel Patricians allow pleabians to elect tribunes First set of laws : 12 tables.. Similar to Greek law
48
Punic wars
Romeos Carthage
49
Gracci brothers
Class tensions lead to a civil war | Worked to limit the amount of land a person could hold
50
Marius
Hunted down political leaders
51
Sulla
Seized Rome and initiates a grisly slaughter of enemies | Posted list of enemies and encouraged kill
52
Caesar
Nephew of Marius Battles between gladiator Conquest to Gaul and defeat Centralized military Confiscate property a d distributed land to veterans Extended roman citizenship to people in imperial states Appointed Gauls to senate
53
Augustus Caesar
Octavian who defeated principal enemy : mark Antony allied with cleopatra
54
Augustus' government
Imperial Monarchy disguised as a republic Centralized political and military power New standing army with commanders who owed allegiance directly to the empire
55
PAx romana
Brought to Rome by Augustus when he ended the civil war | Facilitated trade and communication throughout empire
56
Aqueducts
Brought fresh water into Rome from neighboring fountains
57
Tutelary deities
Gods who looked after the welfare of an individuals household
58
Most prominent Hellenistic school of thought
Stoicism
59
Cicero
Persuasive Latin orator Stoic morals and ethical teachings Live in accordance with nature and reason
60
The Essenes
Strict moral code Baptism Community
61
Largest commercial center on E.african coast
RHAPTA
62
Mani and manichaeism
Zarathustra is a prophet from Persia Buddha is a prophet from India Jesus is a prophet from Mediterranean world Dualist Ascetic life

AP World History (7 decks)

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