AP2

Question 1

osteogenesis imperfecta

Answer 1

brittle bone disease, inherited generalized disorder of connective tissue characterized by multiple fractures and an unusual blue color of the normally white sclera of the eye

Question 2

rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 2

chronic systemic idiopathic disease caused by immune system attacking the body

Question 3

achondroplasia

Answer 3

the most common form of dwarfism, results from diminished proliferation of cartilage in the growth plate

Question 4

his dysplasia

Answer 4

result from incomplete acetabulum formation caused by physiologic and mechanical factors

Question 5

gout

Answer 5

a disorder in the metabolism of purine, increases uric acid in the blood which leads to deposition of uric acid crystals in the joints, cartilage, and kidney

Question 6

ischemic necrosis

Answer 6

caused by loss of the blood supply

Question 7

paget’s disease

Answer 7

osteoitis deformans, deterioration of bone, elderly. one of the most common metabolic diseases of the skeleton

Question 8

osteoarthritis

Answer 8

no technical factor change

Question 9

osteoid osteoma

Answer 9

increase in technical factor

Question 10

osteopetrosis

Answer 10

increase in technical factor

Question 11

osteoporosis

Answer 11

decrease in kvp

Question 12

osteogenesis imperfecta

Answer 12

decrease

Question 13

What do weight bearing radiographs do?

Answer 13

help to denote degenerative issues in weight bearing joints such as knees, hip, ankle

Question 14

child abuse

Answer 14

non accidental trauma

Question 15

COPD

Answer 15

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, includes several conditions in which chronic obstruction of the airways leads to an ineffective exchange of respiratory gases and makes breathing difficulty

Question 16

hyaline membrane disease

Answer 16

premature infants; insufficient development of surfactant production; structural immaturity of the lungs

Question 17

empyema

Answer 17

a rare accumulation of infected liquid or frank pus in the pleural space; usually caused by infection

Question 18

croup

Answer 18

primarily a viral infection of young children that produces inflammatory instructive swelling localized to the subglottic portion of the trache

Question 19

swan ganz placement

Answer 19

right or left main pulmonary artery seen radiographically within the borders of mediastinum

Question 20

ET Tube Placement

Answer 20

in trachea; the tip should be >5cm above the bifurcation of the trachea (carina)

Question 21

What happens if ET Tube is too high?

Answer 21

air enters the stomach

Question 22

What happens if ET Tube it too low?

Answer 22

atelectasis

Question 23

upper respiratory tract

Answer 23

nasal cavity, nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx, larynx

Question 24

lower respiratory tract

Answer 24

trachea, lefts and right primary bronchioles, alveolar sac, alveoli

Question 25

pneumoconiosis

Answer 25

a severe pulmonary disease caused by inhalation of irritating particles; aka "occupational lung disease"

Question 26

what are the three types of pneumoconiosis?

Answer 26

asbestosis, silicosis, anthracosis (coal workers pneumonia)

Question 27

mycosis

Answer 27

fungus

Question 28

idiopathic

Answer 28

describing a disease condition with an unknown cause

Question 29

iatrogenic

Answer 29

resulting from the activity of diagnosis or treatment by medical personnel

Question 31

simple/hairline

Answer 31

crack in bones

Question 32

greenstick fracture

Answer 32

2 pieces, like a broken pencil

Question 33

comminuted fracture

Answer 33

shattered bone

Question 34

spiral fracture

Answer 34

twisted bone

Question 35

pathological fracture

Answer 35

fracture due to disease process

Question 36

stress fracture

Answer 36

fracture due to impact or over use

Question 37

barton fracture

Answer 37

fracture of distal radius, associated dorsal dislocation of the radoiocarpal joint

Question 38

Bennet fracture

Answer 38

fracture of the base of the first metacarpal; caused by forced abduction; intra-articular two-part fracture of the base of the first metacarpal bone

Question 39

boxer fracture

Answer 39

fracture of the distal 5th metacarpal; mostly comminuted

Question 40

colles' fracture

Answer 40

wrist fracture with distal radius displaced posteriorly; foosh

Question 41

smith fracture

Answer 41

hand anterior displacement

Question 42

hangman fracture

Answer 42

fracture through the pars interarticularis of C2; aka traumatic spondylolisthesis of the axis (slipping forward of vertebrae)

Question 43

hill-sachs defect

Answer 43

posterolateral humeral head depression fracture

Question 44

pott fracture

Answer 44

fracture of the distal tibia and fibula; bimalleolar fracture

Question 45

trimalleolar fracture

Answer 45

fracture of both the malleoli and the posterior lip of the tibia

Question 46

Jefferson fracture

Answer 46

burst fracture of the atlas

Question 47

jones fracture

Answer 47

fracture at the base of the fifth metatarsal bone

Question 48

periosteum

Answer 48

covers the outer surface of the bones except for at the joints

Question 49

diaphysis

Answer 49

the main shaft like portion

Question 50

epiphysis

Answer 50

the ends of bone

Question 51

medullary cavity

Answer 51

the hollow, tubelike structure within the diaphysis

Question 52

endosteum

Answer 52

lines medullary cavity

Question 53

primary center of ossification

Answer 53

diaphysisse

Question 54

contrary center of ossification

Answer 54

epiphysis

Question 55

graded

Answer 55

the assessment of malignant tumors to determine their degree of aggressiveness or malignancy

Question 56

staged

Answer 56

determination of the amount of spread of a neoplasm, necessary to select appropriate therapy and to predict the future course of a disease

Question 57

atrophy

Answer 57

diminished size due to wasting away