Ethics Quiz 3,4,5

Question 1

bioethics

Answer 1

field of study examining ethical dilemmas surrounding advances in bioscience and diagnostic and treatment procedures

Question 2

informed consent

Answer 2

subjects must be fully informed of risk and give full written consent

Question 3

blind study

Answer 3

patients do not know whether they are receiving the placebo or the new agent

Question 4

Why can blind studies be looked at as unethical?

Answer 4

Because placebo patients are not receiving medication for a significant period of time

Question 5

To avoid conflict of interest:

Answer 5

• drug companies or shareholders cannot participate if they will profit from sale or production of product
• physician should not be part of the tracking process for his or her own medical theory

Question 6

voluntary sterilization

Answer 6

• providers must use screening and detail issues of consent; ensure patient’s understanding that procedure is permanent

Question 7

involuntary sterilization

Answer 7

-performed in the past on patients deemed unfit mentally and/or had a severe genetic disorder

Question 8

Contraception and Abortion

Answer 8

• religious beliefs contribute to debate

Question 9

artificial insemination

Answer 9

-commonly used for patients who can’t conceive
-rarely an issue when performed for a couple where donor is known
-some situations can alter individual consent:
- frozen sperm from deceased husband
- donor sperm is not from partner; partner did not consent

Question 10

in vitro fertilization

Answer 10

ova and sperm combine and grow outside the womb; fertilized ovum is implanted in uterus

Question 11

disposal of unused fertilized eggs is an issue for consent

Answer 11

both parties must indicate their preference as to whether the eggs should be disposed of or saved for potential future use

Question 12

surrogacy

Answer 12

woman agrees to have a child for another couple; may carry already fertilized embryo; may use her own ovum or a donor ovum; can lead to custody battles

Question 13

conscience clause

Answer 13

refusal to perform a legal role or duty due to personal beliefs; allows healthcare professionals to refuse to perform certain services

Question 14

gene research and gene therapy

Answer 14

finding ways to manipulate our existing genes to identify specific diseases and conditions

Question 15

stem cell research

Answer 15

duplicating or growing stem cells from human embryos and other tissues

Question 16

the human genome project

Answer 16

map the genetic code of DNA; identify, treat, and/pr prevent diseases and disorders that are genetically transmitted

Question 17

Is it legal to offer financial incentives to increase donation or organs?

Answer 17

No, illegal in the United States because it can lead to coercion or misuse; if it was allowed it could reduce organ shortage

Question 18

organ allocation

Answer 18

waitlist for transplant because of organ shortage; utility, justice, and respect

Question 19

emotional intelligence

Answer 19

ones ability to perceive, understand, reason with, manage emotions

Question 20

high emotional intelligence

Answer 20

work well on teams and are more flexible in dealing with change

Question 21

employee handbook

Answer 21

outlines policies and procedures; can be considered a binding contract

Question 22

What should the employee handbook help with?

Answer 22

resolving disputes before they occur, protecting employer and employee from misperception and potential litigation

Question 23

What should the employee handbook include?

Answer 23

steps for firing and hiring; policy for advancement

Question 24

employment-at-will

Answer 24

either party may discontinue employment at any time ; NY or NJ most of the time

Question 25

due process

Answer 25

an employee has the right to require that all specified procedures outline in the handbook are followed

Question 26

Family Medical Leave Act

Answer 26

requires employers with 50+ employees to allow 12 weeks of unpaid leave for certain circumstances

Question 27

Patient Protection and Affordable Care ACT

Answer 27

requires employers to meet certain criteria with regard to offering health insurance for employees who work 30+ hours a week; includes nondiscrimination in health programs and activities rule

Question 28

Occupational Safety and Health Act

Answer 28

employer is responsible to ensure all areas are safe for employees and patients; created OSHA

Question 29

Worker's Compensation

Answer 29

insurance to cover medical costs and wage replacement for employees injured on the job; insurance provided by the state; very important that an employee report the injury immediately

Question 30

workplace violence

Answer 30

any threat of physical violence, harassment, intimidation, or other threatening disruptive behavior that causes fear for personal safety in the workplace

Question 31

qui tam

Answer 31

"who as well"; a term used to describe a private citizen who exposes and sues a company or organization for violating the law and/or breaching contract; whistle blower

Question 32

False Claims Act

Answer 32

allows a private citizen to sue an individual or business who is committing fraud against the government

Question 33

Americans with Disabilities Act

Answer 33

1990; individuals must receive accommodations if necessary; it prevents discrimination because of disability in pursuit of employment, education, or access to public places

Question 34

Civil Rights Act and Equal Employment Opportunity Act

Answer 34

required that all persons be treated equally and be given the same opportunities for employment and advancement

Question 35

Illegal Interview Questions

Answer 35

age, religion, race/color, children/daycare issues, height/weight, disability, arrest record, maiden name

Question 36

Lawful questions

Answer 36

languages, birthplace, marital status, citizenship, organizations, military

Question 37

fair debt collection practices act

Answer 37

prohibits deceptive or abusive practices in the collection of consumer debts

Question 38

fair credit reporting act

Answer 38

prohibits inaccurate information on credit reports

Question 39

consumer credit protection act (1968)

Answer 39

requires providers to be upfront about fees and finance charges

Question 40

fair credit billing act

Answer 40

requires prompt written response to billing complaints and investigation of errors

Question 41

sexual harassment

Answer 41

intimidation of another or unwanted advances or sexual comments that cause another person to feel uncomfortable

Question 42

quid pro quo

Answer 42

requests for sexual favors

Question 43

eocc guidelines provide:

Answer 43

victim should make it clear that the actions are unwanted; if harassment doesn't stop victim should inform management

Question 44

Patients Bill of Rights (AHA)

Answer 44

right to respectful care right to receive current, relevant and understandable information right to know the identity of everyone involved in their care right to make decisions about the plan of care prior to undergoing treatment right to privacy

Question 45

office of the inspector general (OIG)

Answer 45

functions under the department of justice, investigate and protect the integrity of the department of health and human services

Question 46

medical practice act

Answer 46

provides laws that govern stop or practice and licensing requirements

Question 47

compliance plan

Answer 47

written set of policies and procedures for how an organization will operate and conduct itself in an ethical and compliant manner

Question 48

compliance officer

Answer 48

ensures policies and procedures are being obeyed and violations are addresses appropriately

Question 49

fraud (criminal)

Answer 49

intention act to misrepresent facts or mislead in order to gain financially

Question 50

abuse (criminal)

Answer 50

reckless disregard or conduct that goes against acceptable business and/or medical practices resulting in greater reimbursement

Question 51

False claims act

Answer 51

crime for an individual or organization to knowingly create a false record or submit a false claim to a federal government payer

Question 52

stark law

Answer 52

physical self-referral law; intended to prevent physicians from gaining financially from referring patients to a provider that would then benefit that physician

Question 53

anti-kickback statute

Answer 53

prohibits exchange or offer to exchange anything of value in an effort to induce or reward business referral in federal healthcare programc

Question 54

criminal health care fraud statute

Answer 54

prohibits knowingly and willfully executing, or attempting to execute, a scheme or artifice in connection with the delivery of or payment for health care benefits, items

Question 55

Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act (EMTLA)

Answer 55

requires emergency rooms to provide appropriate medical screening to patients seeking treatment; only applied to emergency rooms that receive payment from federal health care programs

Question 56

Clinical Laboratory Improvement Act (CLIA) of 1988

Answer 56

regulates all laboratory facilities for safety and specimens handling; accuracy and timeliness of testing