Procedures LEcture 1

Question 1

Abduct or abduction

Answer 1

Movement of the part away from the body

Question 2

Adduct or adduction

Answer 2

Movement of the part towards the body

Question 3

Extension

Answer 3

Straightening of a joint

Question 4

Flexion

Answer 4

Bending of a joint

Question 5

Hyperextension

Answer 5

Excessive or forced extension of a limb or joint

Question 6

Hyperflexion

Answer 6

Excessive or forced flexion of a limb or joint

Question 7

evert/eversion

Answer 7

Outward Turing of the foot at the ankle

Question 8

Invert/inversion

Answer 8

Inward turning of the foot at the ankle

Question 9

Pronate/pronation

Answer 9

Rotation of the forearm placing the palm surface down

Question 10

Supinate/supination

Answer 10

Rotation of the forearm putting the palm surface up

Question 11

Rotate/rotation

Answer 11

Turning or rotating of the body or part around its axis, when rotating a limb it is either medial or lateral rotation

Question 12

Tilt

Answer 12

Tipping or slanting a body part slightly, tilt is in relation to the long axis of the body

Question 13

Circumduction

Answer 13

Circular movement of a limb

Question 14

Deviation

Answer 14

Turning away from the regular standard or course

Question 15

Dorsiflexion

Answer 15

Flexion or bending of the foot towards the leg (make 90 degrees angle with body)

Question 16

plantarflexion

Answer 16

Flexion or bending of the foot toward the sole

Question 17

How many bones in an adult?

Answer 17

206

Question 18

Ligaments

Answer 18

Connect bone to bone

Question 19

How many bones in appendicular skeleton?

Answer 19

126

Question 20

How many bones in axial skeleton?

Answer 20

80

Question 21

Compact bone

Answer 21

Strong outer layer

Question 22

Spongy bone

Answer 22

Soft inner layer

Question 23

Trabeculae

Answer 23

Speculated network of interconnecting spaces

Question 24

Red bone marrow

Answer 24

(Spongy bone) produces red and white blood cells

Question 25

Yellow bone marrow

Answer 25

(Medullary) stores adipose tissue

Question 26

Articular cartilage

Answer 26

Cartilage at the articular surfaces

Question 27

Periosteum

Answer 27

Tough, fibrous connective tissue covering bone

Question 28

Endosteum

Answer 28

Lining of the medullary cavity (deep)

Question 29

ossification

Answer 29

The development and formation of bones

Question 30

Intermembranous ossification

Answer 30

Bone formation prior to births (flat bones like skull and sternum)

Question 31

arthrology

Answer 31

Study of the joints

Question 32

joints

Answer 32

Articulations between bones

Question 33

Two ways to categorize joints

Answer 33

Functional and structural

Question 34

Synarthoroses

Answer 34

Immovable

Question 35

Amphiarthroses

Answer 35

Slightly movable

Question 36

Diarthroses

Answer 36

Freely moveable

Question 37

Fibrous joints

Answer 37

- do not have a joint cavity - sutures, for phones, syndesmosis

Question 38

Cartilageneous

Answer 38

- do not have a joint cavity - symphysis Suchrondosis

Question 39

Synovial

Answer 39

- do have a joint cavity - freely moveable

Question 40

Gliding

Answer 40

Move against each other on a single plane; wrist and ankles

Question 41

Hinge

Answer 41

Move on just one axis; elbow, finger

Question 42

Pivot

Answer 42

Provides rotation; at the top of the spine, atlas and axis

Question 43

Ellipsoid

Answer 43

Circular motion; wrist joint

Question 44

Saddle

Answer 44

Flexion, extension, no rotation; thumb

Question 45

Ball-and-socket

Answer 45

Freely moving; shoulder, hip

Question 46

Fracture

Answer 46

A broken bone

Question 47

Transverse fracture

Answer 47

Straight across the long axis of the bone

Question 48

Oblique fracture

Answer 48

At an angle that is not 90 degrees

Question 49

Spiral fracture

Answer 49

Bone segments are pulled apart as a result of a twisting motion

Question 50

Comminuted

Answer 50

Several breaks result in many small pieces

Question 51

Impacted

Answer 51

One fragment is driven into another

Question 52

Greenstick

Answer 52

A partial which only one side of the bone is broken

Question 53

Open

Answer 53

At least one end of the broken bone tears through the skin

Question 54

Close

Answer 54

A fracture in which the skin remains in tact

Question 55

Position

Answer 55

- identifies the general body position of the patient - refers to the specific placement of the body part in relation to the Radiographic table or the IR

Question 56

Decubitus

Answer 56

Indicates the patient is lying down and the central ray is horizontal

Question 57

projection

Answer 57

- path of the central ray as it exits the X-ray tube - most defined by the entrance and exit points based on the anatomical position

Question 58

View

Answer 58

Describes the body part as seen by the IR, this is only used when referring to a finished radiograph

Question 59

Method

Answer 59

Some Radiographic positions are named after the individual who created them

Question 60

Source to skin distance

Answer 60

Distance between the X-ray tube and the pt skin (shall not be less than 12” stationary and not less than 15” mobile)

Question 61

collimation

Answer 61

Restriction of the beam

Question 62

Alara

Answer 62

As low as reasonably achievable