apes unit 5

Question 1

clear-cutting

Answer 1

all trees in a given area are cut down
- fragmentation of forest landscape and biodiversity

Question 2

slash and burn method

Answer 2

one area is clearcut and burn to ensure soil fertility for a short period of time

Question 3

sustainable forestry methods

Answer 3

restoration of forests, finding alternative materials for tree prodcts

Question 4

forests that have remained untouched and undisturbed

Answer 4

primary growth forests

Question 5

forests that have recovered after a major disturbance

Answer 5

secondary growth forests

Question 6

what are prescribed burns and the benefits of them

Answer 6

-small fires that clear out any dirt or debris that have accumulated
-returns nutrients back to soil, stimulates germinations of seeds, keeps conditions stable for survival

Question 7

surface mining

Answer 7

removal of topsoil and top layer of land to access ore

Question 8

how does mining waste lead to the contamination of water

Answer 8

mining tailings (waste) contain sulfur which leads to acid mine drainage and contamination

Question 9

what is the best method of disposal for mining waste

Answer 9

recycling

Question 10

one solution to mitigating fragmentation

Answer 10

habitat corridors (as opposed to the interruption of environments, creates passageways that accommodates for animals as well)

Question 11

cogeneration

Answer 11

recapturing waste heat generated by industrial processes for further usage

Question 12

give 2 examples of resources that are impacted by tragedy of the commons

Answer 12

groundwater, the ocean

Question 13

ogullala aquifer (runs through the midwest)

Answer 13

• largest in the US
• nearing depletion due to human use (overdrafted, used more than recharge rate)

Question 14

aquifers refers to…

Answer 14

groundwater

Question 15

explain the concept of subsidence in groundwater removal

Answer 15

overpumping aquifers causes the ground water to sink because pore spaces collapses (no water to hold it up/no space btw particles so collapses)

Question 16

FUNNY FARMERS SPRAY DIRT (methods of irrigation and explain)

Answer 16

• furrow: strips of water between rows of crops (most evaporation and runoff)
• flood: entire field is flooded (wasteful and can cause waterlogging)
• spray: sprinklers to spray water (energy intensive)
• drop- holes drip water to roots (diminishes salinization)

Question 17

why does salinization occur as a result of irrigation

Answer 17

water is lifted from soils, leaving behind minerals and soil (so no water to balance out the salinity of the water)

Question 18

overburden (mining)

Answer 18

soil removed when mining

Question 19

spoils (mining)

Answer 19

waste created when mining