Aphasia profiles - Syndrome/General

Question 1

fluent types of aphasia

Answer 1

• anomic
• conduction
• transcortical sensory
• Wernike’s

Question 2

nonfluent types of aphasia

Answer 2

• Broca’s
• Transcortical motor
• Global
• Severe mixed nonfluent

Question 3

Global aphasia main features

Answer 3

1. all aspects of lang impaired
2. sterotyped utterences (usually well articulated)
3. comprehension for personal information may be good compared to formal testing

(-) Naming
(-)Fluency
(-)Aud comp
(-) repetition

Question 4

Broca’s main features

Answer 4

1. awkward articulation
2. limited vocab
3. agrammatism
4. relative preservation of aud comp
5. reading comp mildly impaired

(-) Naming
(-) fluency
(+) Aud comp
(-) repetition

Question 5

Transcortical motor main features

Answer 5

1. repetition relatively intact
2. aud comprehension is relatively spared
3. other production abilities impaired
4. word finding difficulties variable across patients
5. Presevation of memorized material

(-) Naming
(-) Fluency
(+/-) aud comp
(+) repetition

Question 6

Wernicke’s main features

Answer 6

1. impaired aud comp
2. fluent arctic and preserved syntax
3. speech contains all kinds of paraphasias
4. reading comp impaired

(-) Naming
(+) fluency
(-) aud comp
(-) rep

Question 7

Conduction main features

Answer 7

1. repetition is impaired
2. many phonemic paraphasias (hallmark feature)
3. fluency only mildly impaired
4. aud is a relative strength, although mildly impaired
5. speech main contain “conduit d’approche” or “conduit d’escart”

(-) Naming
(+) Fluency
(+ relatively) aud comp
(-) rep

Question 8

anomic main features

Answer 8

1. word finding difficulty
2. fluent articulation and preserved syntax
3. relative preservation of and comp
4. may see circumlocutions
5. reading & writing impairments

(-) naming
(+) fluency
(+) aud comp
(+) repetition

Question 9

transcortical sensory main features

Answer 9

1. preservation of rep…otherwise just like Wernicke’s

(-) Naming
(+) fluency
(-) aud comp
(+) repetition

Question 10

neuro in Global

Answer 10

large portion of the perisylvian association cortex

Question 11

neuro in broca’s

Answer 11

Brodmann areas 44 & 45 – adjacent inferior aspects of pre-central gyrus

Question 12

neuro in transcortical motor

Answer 12

outside of Broca’s area…ant superior frontal lobe and deep portions of the L frontal lobe

Question 13

neuro in Wernicke’s

Answer 13

posterior half of the 1st temporal gyrus and adjacent cortex

Question 14

neuro in anomic

Answer 14

multiple sites

Question 15

neuro in transcortical sensory

Answer 15

inferior partial connection parietal and temporal lobe —- white matter tracts connecting parietal lobe to temporal lobe or in the parietal lobe

Question 16

main components to consider in the syndrome approach

Answer 16

NFAR

naming, fluency, aud comp, rep

Question 17

in the syndrome approach —- what to look at 1st/2nd?

Answer 17

naming
conversational speech & narrative discourse
test of aud comp
test of repetition

Question 18

verbal paraphasia

Answer 18

real word but unrelated to the word that you are trying to say (e.g., “table” for book)

Question 19

semantic paraphasia

Answer 19

word that is categorically related “Table” for chair

Question 20

phonemic paraphasia (aka literal paraphasia)

Answer 20

“mable” for table – phonemically related

Question 21

neologistism

Answer 21

a remote relationship — or a made up word (e.g. “shay” for table)

Question 22

verbal sterotypes

Answer 22

pt will produce involuntary phrases repeatedly

Question 23

types of central dyslexias

Answer 23

1. surface dyslexia
2. phonological dyslexia
3. direct dyslexia
4. semantic access dyslexia
5. deep dyslexia

Question 24

surrface dyslexia

Answer 24

• can use GPC’s
• very good at reading non words
• cant read exception or irregular words
• produce regularization errors
• understand regular words but not exception

Question 25

phonological dyslexia

Answer 25

- can not use GPC's ...can only read via semantic and whole word - very poor at reading non words - can read exception or irregular words - often problem reading function words and bound morphemes - often read non words as visually similar real words

Question 26

direct dyslexia

Answer 26

- semantic problem - can read words aloud but not understand them - may show priming effects suggesting some access to meaning

Question 27

semantic access dyslexia

Answer 27

- very poor reading of words - lesion between the VIL and the semantics - some knowledge of words can not read - may activate correct input in visual input lexicon but can't activate precise semantic entry or can't bring t consciousness

Question 28

deep dyslexia

Answer 28

- like phonological dyslexia ... can't use GPC route - cant read non words - make semantic errors (cost for money) - worse at abstract words than cornet - visual errors - errors on function words

Question 29

2 types of spelling impairements

Answer 29

1. phonological agraphia | 2. surface agraphia

Question 30

phonological agraphia

Answer 30

- cant use the PGC route - can not spell non words - may not be able to produce letter associated with a sound - must generate spelling from meaning

Question 31

surface agraphia

Answer 31

- can use PGC route - can spell non words - cannot use direct lexical route - most errors on words with irregular spellings - errors tend to be regularization - frequency effect for irregular words

Question 32

fluent vs nonfluent

Answer 32

--look at the longest 3 utterances 5 words or more is fluent & do they use verbs? (fluents use more verbs) **Helm-Estabrooks

Question 33

agrammatic

Answer 33

lacks inflectional markers, prepositions, auxillaries, verbs, copulas -telegraphic speech-less severe --usually nonfluent

Question 34

paragrammatic

Answer 34

-unsystematic omission and substitution of grammatical morphemes, nouns, verbs, adjectives --usulayy fluent

Question 35

Expected number for verbal fluency task Same letter category: Animals:

Answer 35

Letters: 40 Animals: 20 ----Tombough et al