APK DAY 12

Question 1

1. A bundle of muscle fiber in the skeletal muscles is called: ___________
   a. Fasciculus
   b. Myofilaments
   c. Myofibrils
   d. Sarcomere

Question 2

2. The nerve most likely to be injured in wrist slashing is the ______ nerve.
   a. Radial
   b. Median
   c. Musculocutaneous
   d. Ulnar

Question 3

3. As action potential travels over the muscle fiber membrane, large quantities of calcium ions are released which activate the forces between filaments to initiate contraction. This causes the _________.
   a. Myosin filaments to slide outward among the actin filaments
   b. Actin filaments to slide outward among the myosin filaments
   c. Myosin filaments to slide inward among the actin filaments
   d. Actin filaments to slide inward among the myosin filaments

Question 4

4. The central bare zone of the sarcomere has no heads but only tails of the myosin. This is the ______ zone.
   a. Pseudo A
   b. H
   c. I
   d. Pseudo H

Question 5

5. The following are typically utilized when measuring skinfold in anthropometric measurements designed to determine percent body fat, EXCEPT:
   a. Lateral calf
   b. Subscapular
   c. Iliac crest
   d. Triceps

Question 6

6. In carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), the following statements are true EXCEPT:
   a. There is not a good correlation between results of electrophysiological studies and symptoms the patient report
   b. Severe symptoms may not be associated with deficits in grip or complains of weakness.
   c. As the CTS progresses, the symptoms of paresthesia may decrease and be replaced with actual muscle atrophy and weakness
   d. If the disorder has progressed to the point of thenar muscle atrophy, then nonsurgical treatment may be appropriate or effective6. In carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), the following statements are true EXCEPT:
   a. There is not a good correlation between results of electrophysiological studies and symptoms the patient report
   b. Severe symptoms may not be associated with deficits in grip or complains of weakness.
   c. As the CTS progresses, the symptoms of paresthesia may decrease and be replaced with actual muscle atrophy and weakness
   d. If the disorder has progressed to the point of thenar muscle atrophy, then nonsurgical treatment may be appropriate or effective

Question 7

7. Poor prognostic indicator/s for recovery from traumatic brain injury is/are
   I. Post-traumatic amnesia of more 14 days
   II. Glasgow coma scale of 9 on the third day post-injury
   III. Minimal multimodality evoked potential
   a. I
   b. I and II
   c. I and III
   d. II
   e. III

Question 8

8. Facilitated diffusion is characterized by ______.
   I. Presence of a carrier
   II. Simple diffusion is greater than rate of transport
   III. Rate of transport is greater than simple diffusion
   IV. Absence of a carrier
   a. IV only
   b. I only
   c. I and III
   d. II and IV

Question 9

9. Males generally become stronger than females after puberty because males _________.
   a. Have higher muscle strength per cross-sectional area
   b. Keep themselves in condition through proper diet and exercise
   c. Develop a greater muscle mass
   d. Have faster rate of biologic maturation

Question 10

10. What fibers transmit deep somatic pain?
    a. B
    b. D
    c. A
    d. C

Question 11

11. What structures send impulses to inhibitory interneurons to relax antagonist muscles?
    a. Flower spray endings
    b. Annulospiral endings
    c. Golgi tendon organs
    d. Spindle

Question 12

12. Decrementless conduction of the nerve impulses is due to the fact that
    a. there is no one way conduction across synapses.
    b. Na ions move along its electrochemical gradient.
    c. outward movement of K ions favors conduction.
    d. energy for conduction is derived from the nerve fiber.
    e. Na channel activation allows Na ions to move intracellularly

Question 12

13. The nerve most likely to be injured in wrist slashing is the
    a. Radial
    b. radio-ulnar.
    c. median.
    d. musculocutaneous.
    e. Ulnar.

Question 12

14. When the anterior cerebral artery is affected in a cerebrovascular accident, you would expect the following impairments EXCEPT
    a. loss of bowel and bladder control.
    b. aphasia.
    c. apraxia.
    d. thalamic pain syndrome.

Question 12

16. The following are types of radial nerve compression, EXCEPT:
    a. Honeymoon palsy
    b. Pronator syndrome
    c. Saturday night palsy
    d. Supinator syndrome

Question 12

15. Klumpke’s palsy involves the following nerve roots:
    a. C6-C7
    b. C7-C8
    c. C4-C5
    d. C8-T1
    e. T1-T2

Question 13

17. In a “Bridegroom’s Palsy” there will be
    a. difficulty in scapular retraction.
    b. difficulty in pushing.
    c. a wrist drop deformity.
    d. some weakness in supination.
    e. difficulty in shoulder extension.

Question 14

18. In Huntington’s Disease, the following statements are true, EXCEPT:
    a. Characterized by progressive dementia with involuntary movements
    b. There is ataxic gait and cuneiform movement
    c. A rapidly progressing disease that usually begins shortly after an infectious disorder
    d. Noted memory loss and personality changes
    e. Disease of the central nervous system that progresses slowly

Question 15

19. Movements are random and involuntary.
    a. Chorea
    b. Dysarthria
    c. Apraxia
    d. Athetosis
    e. Akinesia

Question 16

20. Which of the following statements describe the post-polio syndrome?
    a. Treatment should include early progressive resistive exercises with low velocity isokinetic exercises.
    b. Risk is reduced by vaccination even after the onset of the initial infection
    c. Usually occurs about 30 years after the initial polio infection
    d. Assistive exercises with passive stretches are indicated with constant isometric contractions
    e. Muscles that show the greatest weakness are the muscles that did not fully recover after the initial infection

Question 17

21. A lesion in area ______ of the cerebral cortex results in flaccid paralysis of the contralateral musculature with areflexia.
    a. 4
    b. 8
    c. 2
    d. 6

Question 18

22. Subjects with pure word deafness _______.
    a. Respond approximately to environmental sounds
    b. Cannot understand or repeat spoken language
    c. Cannot understand written language
    d. Can understand written language but cannot repeat spoken language

Question 19

23. A therapist examines a 42-year-old self-referred female. The client describes the onset of a variety of medical problems approximately one month ago, including right lower extremity weakness, decreased balance and blurred vision. Examination confirms the client’s complains, in addition to identifying decreased pinprick sensation and ankle clonus in the right lower extremity. The suspected diagnosis of this client is ___________.
    a. Multiple sclerosis
    b. Myasthenia gravis
    c. Parkinson’s disease
    d. Cerebral thrombosis

Question 20

24. The definition of coma is a Glasgow Coma Scale of less than ________.
    a. 3
    b. 8
    c. 5
    d. 11
    e. 15

Question 21

25. A therapist examines a client diagnosed with Guillain-Barre syndrome. All of the following are signs/symptoms associated with this syndrome EXCEPT a. weakness. b. absent sensation. c. difficulty br

Question 22

26. All of the following statements are true EXCEPT I. nerve impulses are propagated by the continuous progression of the action potential along the length of the fiber in myelinated fibers II. nerves with larger axons have lower stimulus thresholds for development of an action potential than do nerves with smaller axons. III. nerves with large-diameter axons have greater conduction velocities than do nerves with smaller diameter axons IV. conduction velocity is also substantially greater in myelinated axons than in unmyelinated axons. a. I b. II c. III d. IV

Question 23

27. Paralysis of the radial nerve cannot result in which condition? a. The extensors of the wrist and the long extensors of the digits are paralyzed. b. If the wrist is supported in extension by means of a splint grip strength may be good. c. Extension in drop-wrist position is due to tendon action, not active contraction. d. The wrist can be actively extended or stabilized for effective grasp.

Question 24

28. All of the following techniques are commonly used to treat apraxia EXCEPT a. a new task should be broken down into smaller components b. repetition of tasks may be necessary c. the therapist should speak slowly and directly to the patient d. multiple step commands should be used for activities of daily living

Question 25

29. What is an abnormal contraction occurring in denervated muscle fibers after motor neurons have been destroyed, in which individual fibers contract in an unsynchronized manner, produces muscle flutter but no effective movement? a. Twitch b. Convulsion c. Fibrillation d. Fasciculation

Question 26

30. What energy from this system is used for maximal short bursts of muscle activity (8-10 seconds)? a. Aerobic b. Anaerobic c. Phosphagen d. Glycogen-lactic acid

Question 27

31. What structure stores and releases calcium ions during the contractile process? a. Sarcoplasmic retinaculum b. Myosin c. Myofilament d. Tubules

Question 28

32. This nerve innervates the Rhomboids. a. Nerve to rhomboids b. Suprascapular c. Subscapular d. Dorsal scapular e. Medial pectoral

Question 29

33. Which of the following muscles will be affected in a Tunnel of Guyon compression neuropathy? I. Adductor pollicis II. 4th and 5th flexor digitorum profundus III. Flexor digiti minimi a. I b. III c. I and III d. II and III

Question 30

34. Theoretical relationships are established between the primary concept to be measured and one or more other concepts in this type of Validity. a. Prescriptive b. Content c. Predictive d. Face e. Construct