apoptosis

Question 1

apoptosis vs necrosis

Answer 1

apoptosis has apoptotic bodies and is cell suicide but necrosis has inflammation, caused by infections and trauma

Question 2

TEM in apoptosis shows

Answer 2

high electron density, chromatin condensation and apoptotic bodies

Question 3

TEM in necrosis shows

Answer 3

translucent cytosols and exploded cells , also see aggregations of cellular organelles like ER

Question 4

how is apoptosis triggered

Answer 4

apoptosis stimuli > caspases > apoptosis

Question 5

caspases consist of

Answer 5

n terminal pro domain, followed by a large subunit and small subunit

Question 6

first key process in apoptosis

Answer 6

outer mitochondrial membrane become permeable release pro apoptotic proteins and cytochorme c

Question 7

cytochorme c binds to

Answer 7

apaf 1, formating apoptosome, activating caspase 9 which activates caspase 3

Question 8

IAP antagonists

Answer 8

stop inhibition of apoptosis because IAP usually stops apoptosis

Question 9

bax and bak are xx and allow release of xxx

Answer 9

pro apoptotic, allow release of cyctochrome c into cytosol, activating caspases

Question 10

intrinsic pathway uses

Answer 10

bax, bak, bcl2 and bclxl,

Question 11

extrinsic pathway activated by

Answer 11

binding of fasl to fas receptor or tnf to tnf receptor, which activates initiator caspases, which then activate caspases > cell death.

Question 12

the extrinsic pathway can also be activated by

Answer 12

cytotoxic t cell which activates granzyme b which perforates cell and activates caspases > cell death