Appendix A - Statistics

Question 1

Statistics

Answer 1

Numerical facts assembled in such a manner that they provide useful information about measures or scores (from the Latin status, meaning “standing” or “position”).

Question 2

Average

Answer 2

The central tendency of a group of measures, expressed either as the mean, median, or mode of a distribution.

Question 3

Descriptive Statistics

Answer 3

The branch of statistics concerned with providing descriptive information about a distribution of scores.

Question 4

Measures of Central Tendency

Answer 4

“Averages” that show the center or balancing points of a distribution of scores or measurements.

Question 5

Mean

Answer 5

A type of average that is calculated by adding all the scores in a distribution and then dividing the sum by the number of scores.

Question 6

Median

Answer 6

The central score in a frequency distribution; the score beneath which 50% of the cases fall.

Question 7

Mode

Answer 7

The most frequently occurring number or score in a distribution.

Question 8

Bimodal

Answer 8

Having two modes.

Question 9

Range

Answer 9

A measure of variability defined as the high score in a distribution minus the low score.

Question 10

Standard Deviation

Answer 10

A measure of the variability of a distribution, obtained by the formula
S.D. = (Sum of d^2/N)^2

Question 11

Normal Distribution

Answer 11

A symmetrical distribution that is assumed to reflect chance fluctuations, giving rise to a normal curve or bell-shaped curve.

Question 12

Inferential Statistics

Answer 12

The branch of statistics concerned with the confidence with which conclusions drawn about samples can be extended to the populations from which the samples were drawn.
-Infer: to draw a conclusion.

Question 13

Statistically Significant Difference

Answer 13

A difference between groups that is large enough so that it is unlikely to be due to chance fluctuation.