Applied anatomy of the female reproductive system

Question 1

Two features of ischium need to know? [2]

Answer 1

Ischial tuberosity [1]
Ischial spine [1]

Question 2

Which structures pass through the obturator foramen? [3]

Answer 2

Obturator artery
Obturator nerve
Obturator vein

Question 3

Which structures pass to the anterior structures of thigh? [3]

Answer 3

Femoral artery
Femoral nerve
Femoral vein

Question 4

Sacrospinous and sacrotuberous xx

Question 5

Which structure forms the posterior border of the lesser sciatic foramen?

Sacrospinous ligament

Sacrotuberous ligament

Anterior sacroiliac ligament

Ischial tuberosity

Answer 5

Which structure forms the posterior border of the lesser sciatic foramen?

Sacrospinous ligament

Sacrotuberous ligament

Anterior sacroiliac ligament

Ischial tuberosity

Question 6

Which muscle divides the greater sciatic foramen into superior and inferior components?

Obturator internus

Adductor magnus

Piriformis

Gluteus minimus

Answer 6

Which muscle divides the greater sciatic foramen into superior and inferior components?

Obturator internus

Adductor magnus

Piriformis

Gluteus minimus

Question 7

Greater sciatic foramen structures? [6]

Answer 7

Piriformis muscle
Gluteal arteries
Gluteal veins
Gluteal nerves
Sciatic nerve
Pudendal nerve

Question 8

Lesser sciatic foramen structures? [3]

Answer 8

Pudendal nerve
Internal pudendal artery
Internal pudendal vein

Question 9

Which of the following is sacrotuberous ligament?
A
B
C
D
E
F

Answer 9

Which of the following is sacrotuberous ligament?
A
B
C
D
E
F

Question 10

Which of the following is piriformis?
A
B
C
D
E
F

Answer 10

Which of the following is piriformis?
A
B
C
D
E
F

Question 11

Answer 11

Question 12

Answer 12

Question 13

Answer 13

Question 14

Which is the ligament highlighted?

Sacrospinous ligament

Sacrotuberous ligament

Anterior sacroiliac ligament

Ischial tuberosity

Answer 14

Which is the ligament highlighted?

Sacrospinous ligament

Sacrotuberous ligament

Anterior sacroiliac ligament

Ischial tuberosity

Question 15

From where in the hip bone does the gluteus medius originate?

Iliac fossa

Anterior aspect of the iliac crest

Greater sciatic notch

External surface of the ileal wing

Answer 15

From where in the hip bone does the gluteus medius originate?

Iliac fossa

Anterior aspect of the iliac crest

Greater sciatic notch

External surface of the ileal wing

Question 16

The piriformis seperates which neurovascular structures?

Answer 16

Suprapiriform foramen:
* The superior gluteal artery and nerve

Infrapiriform foramen
* Posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh
* Inferior gluteal vessels and nerves
* Nerve to quadratus femoris
* Pudendal nerve
* Internal pudendal vessels
* Nerve to obturator internus
* Sciatic nerve

PINS & PINS

Question 17

Describe the path of the pudendal nerves [2]

Answer 17

Out of greater sciatic foramen
Back into lesser sciatic formaren

Question 18

Which arteries split from the common iliac arteries and dont stay in the pelvis? [4]

Which arteries split from the common iliac arteries and stay in the pelvis? [3]

Answer 18

Leaves:
* obturator
* femoral
* gluteal
* internal pudendal arteries

Remains:
* middle rectal artery
* uterine artery
* superior vesicular artery

Question 19

blood vessels from last year xx

Question 20

Which muscle lies over sacral plexus?

levator ani
coccygeus
obturator internus
piriformis

Answer 20

Which muscle lies over sacral plexus?

levator ani
coccygeus
obturator internus
piriformis

Question 21

find anatomy slides from last year

Question 22

External genitalia anchor to which structure in the pelvic region?

Answer 22

Perineal membrane

Question 23

Bartholin cysts

Question 24

The [] is a fibromuscular mass which is the site of convergence of perineal and pelvic floor muscles

Answer 24

The perineal body is a fibromuscular mass which is the site of convergence of perineal and pelvic floor muscles

Question 25

What is an episiotomy? What are the two types? [2]

Answer 25

Surgical incision of the perineum and posterior vaginal wall Two types: **Midline episiotomy:** Posterior aspect of labia minora (fourchette) along midline **Mediolateral episiotomy**" Fourchette diagonally towards midpoint between ischial tuberosity and anus

Question 26

uterus flashcards

Question 27

Which is the most common site of fertilisation Vagina Cervix Isthmus Ampulla

Answer 27

Which is the most common site of fertilisation Vagina Cervix Isthmus **Ampulla**

Question 28

uterus blood supply xx

Question 29

Majority of blood supply to the uterus comes from the vaginal artery ovarian artery uterine artery

Answer 29

Majority of blood supply to the uterus comes from the vaginal artery ovarian artery **uterine artery**

Question 30

The uterine artery passes over the **[]**. The **[]** is therefore at risk during **[]**.

Answer 30

The uterine artery passes over the **ureter**. The ureter is therefore at risk during **hysterectomies**.

Question 31

What is the normal position of the uterus? [2]

Answer 31

The normal position of the uterus is **anteverted** and **anteflexed**.

Question 32

What can cause uterine prolapse? [2]

Answer 32

Secondary to pelvic floor and uterine ligament dysfunction Multifactorial in etiology

Question 33

Which structure can be inserted to stop uterine prolapse? [1]

Answer 33

Ring Pessary

Question 34

pouches

Question 35

ligaments

Question 36

Label A-C of female ligaments

Answer 36

A: Broad ligament B: Ovarian ligament C: Round ligament

Question 37

What happens to shape of uterus throughout life

Answer 37

Question 38

What is the change in epithelium at the external os of the cervix?

Answer 38

The upper cervix (endocervix) is lined by a **simple columnar epithelium** that contains mucous-secreting cells. In contrast, the lower cervix (ectocervix) is lined by a **stratified squamous epithelium**. The transition point between these two epithelia is known as the external os.

Question 39

which of the following is the ischial tuboristy? ``` 1 2 3 4 5 ```

Answer 39

which of the following is the ischial tuboristy? ``` 1 2 **3** 4 5 ```

Question 40

which of the following is the attachment point for the inguinal ligament? ``` 1 2 3 4 5 ```

Answer 40

``` which of the following is the attachment point for the inguinal ligament? ​ **1** 2 3 4 5 ```

Question 41

which of the following is the ischial spine ``` 1 2 3 4 5 ```

Answer 41

which of the following is the ischial spine ``` 1 2 3 **4** 5 ```

Question 42

Which ligament runs from the sacrum to the ischial tuberosity? [1]

Answer 42

Acceptable responses: Sacrotuberous ligament, Sacrotuberous ligaments, Sacrotuberous

Question 43

Which ligament runs from the sacrum to the ischial spine?

Answer 43

*Acceptable responses:* Sacrospinous ligament, Sacrospinous ligaments, Sacrospinous

Question 44

Answer 44

A - greater sciatic foramen B - sacrospinous ligament C - sacrotuberous ligament D - lesser sciatic foramen

Question 45

Gluteus medius and minimus receive oxygenated blood from which vessel? [1]

Answer 45

Acceptable responses: Superior gluteal, Superior gluteal artery

Question 46

What bony landmark can be used to locate the pudendal nerve? [1]

Answer 46

Acceptable responses: Ischial spine, The ischial spine, Ischium spine

Question 47

Answer 47

Question 48

which muscle is highlighted here? [1]

Answer 48

piriformis

Question 49

Answer 49

Question 50

label A-E

Answer 50

Question 51

label A-D

Answer 51