Approach to the Patient

Question 1

Most common major category of disease of the respiratory system

Answer 1

Obstructive lung disease

Question 2

Cardinal symptoms (2) of respiratory disease

Answer 2

Cough and dyspnea

Question 3

“Musical chest,” with a combination of rhonchi, pops, and squeaks on auscultation is seen in this condition

Answer 3

Bronchiectasis

Question 4

Physical examination finding that can distinguish between crackles associated with alveolar fluid and those associated with interstitial fibrosis; refers to the auscultation of the sound “AH” instead of “EEE” when a patient phonates “EEE”

Answer 4

Egophony

Question 5

An ominous sign in a patient with obstructive lung disease as it is associated with a significant negative intrathoracic (pleural) pressures required for ventilation, and impending respiratory failure

Answer 5

Pulsus paradoxus

Question 6

Cyanosis is seen in hypoxemic respiratory disorders that result in more than this level of deoxygenated hemoglobin

Answer 6

5 g/dL

Question 7

Total lung capacity that defines restrictive pathophysiology

Answer 7

Less than 80% for a patient’s age, race, gender, and height

Question 8

A normal spirometry, normal lung volumes, and a low DLCO should prompt further evaluation for this category of respiratory disease

Answer 8

Pulmonary vascular disease