Hypoxia and Cyanosis

Question 1

Refers to the switch from aerobic to anaerobic metabolism during states of decreased O2 availability to cells

Answer 1

Pasteur effect

Question 2

Most common cause of respiratory hypoxia

Answer 2

Ventilation-perfusion mismatch

Question 3

Cause of respiratory hypoxia that is only partially corrected by an FiO2 of 100%

Answer 3

Intrapulmonary right-to-left shunting

Question 4

Usual cause of death in high-altitude illness

Answer 4

Respiratory failure

Question 5

Type of hypoxia caused by cyanide and several other similarly acting poisons characterized by improper oxygen utilization

Answer 5

Histotoxic hypoxia

Question 6

In general, cyanosis becomes apparent when the concentration of reduced hemoglobin in capillary blood exceeds this level

Answer 6

40 g/L (4 g/dL)

Question 7

Cyanosis usually becomes manifest in an ascent to this altitude

Answer 7

4000 m (13,000 ft)

Question 8

This condition refers to subperiosteal formation of new bone in the distal diaphyses of the long bones of the extremities, which causes pain and symmetric arthritis-like changes

Answer 8

Hypertrophic osteoarthropathy

Question 9

Tests (2) to confirm hypertrophic osteoarthropathy

Answer 9

Bone radiography or MRI