Asthma

Question 0

Type of asthma with negative skin tests to common inhalant allergens, normal serum IgE; adult-onset, usually with nasal polyps and aspirin-sensitivity, and more severe, persistent asthma

Answer 0

Nonatopic or intrinsic asthma

Question 1

Peak age of onset of asthma

Answer 1

3 years

Question 2

Cytokine released from epithelial cells in the respiratory tract of asthmatic patients that instructs dendritic cells to release chemokines that attract Th2 cells into the airways

Answer 2

Thymic stromal lymphopoietin

Question 3

Cytokine released by Th2 cells associated with eosinophilic inflammation

Answer 3

IL-5

Question 4

Cytokines (2) released by Th2 cells associated with increased IgE formation

Answer 4

IL-4 and IL-13

Question 5

Trigger involved in thunderstorm asthma

Answer 5

Pollen grains

Question 6

Most common triggers of acute severe asthma exacerbations

Answer 6

Upper respiratory tract viral infections (rhinovirus, RSV, and coronavirus)

Question 7

A food preservative that may trigger asthma through the release of sulfur dioxide gas in the stomach

Answer 7

Metabisulfite

Question 8

Complete recovery from occupational asthma usually occurs if the patient is removed from exposure within this duration of symptoms

Answer 8

6 months

Question 9

A noninvasive test that is being used to measure eosinophilic airway inflammation

Answer 9

Exhaled NO (since it is reduced by ICS, may be used to test compliance with tx and demonstrating insufficient anti-inflammatory tx)

Question 10

Diagnosis: flow-volume loop that shows a reduction in inspiratory as well as expiratory flow

Answer 10

Upper airway obstruction

Question 11

Most common side effects of inhaled beta 2 agonists (2)

Answer 11

Tremors and palpitations

Question 12

Most common side effect of anticholinergic bronchodilators

Answer 12

Dry mouth

Question 13

These most common side effects of theophylline are due to phosphodiesterase inhibition (3)

Answer 13

Nausea, vomiting, and headache

Question 14

Cardiac arrhythmias, epileptic seizures, and death may occur at high concentrations of theophylline due to antagonism of this receptor

Answer 14

Adenosine A1-receptor

Question 15

Most effective controllers for asthma

Answer 15

Inhaled corticosteroids

Question 16

Frequency of use of a reliever medication that indicates the need for regular controller therapy

Answer 16

More than 3x/week

Question 17

Controller therapy of choice for all patients with asthma

Answer 17

Inhaled corticosteroids (given twice daily)

Question 18

In asthma, complete resistance to corticosteroids is defined as failure to respond to this dose of prednisone

Answer 18

40 mg once daily over 2 weeks

Question 19

Type of brittle asthma that shows a persistent pattern of variability and may require oral corticosteroids or, at times, continuous infusion of beta 2 agonists

Answer 19

Type I brittle asthma

Question 20

Type of brittle asthma with normal or near-normal lung function but with unpredictable falls in lung function that may result in death

Answer 20

Type II brittle asthma

Question 21

Most effective therapy for type II brittle asthma

Answer 21

Subcutaneous epinephrine

Question 22

Patients with aspirin-sensitive asthma have a functional polymorphism of this enzyme

Answer 22

Cys-leukotriene C synthase

Question 23

Treatment warranted in bronchopulmonary aspergillosis when worsening signs/symptoms or pulmonary shadowing is found

Answer 23

Oral corticosteroids

Question 24

Treatment that is beneficial in preventing exacerbations in bronchopulmonary aspergillosis

Answer 24

Itraconazole