aproaches - p2

Question 1

origins of psych - wundt

Answer 1

praised for moving psych away from phisological roots - controlled envirnoment, standardised procedure study - thoughts, feelings, sensations e.g same stim (ticking metronome) - can replicate, increase status

not reliable - introspection focuses on subj - findings varied - behaviourist belived should only study obj and empirical

considered unscientific today - relied on sel reporting - subj= varied findings = diff to establish general principles and predict outcomes - which is aim of science- dont meet criteria of scientific enquiry

Question 2

psychodynamic approach

Answer 2

prac app - psychoanalysis

doesnt use scientific method

psycho sexual stages = psychic deterministic

Question 3

learning theory - behaviourism

Answer 3

environmental determinism

prac app - systematic desensitisation

environmental reductionism

Question 4

humanistic approach

Answer 4

holistic approach

prac app - person centreed therapy (pct)

cultiural realtivism - humanism concepts associated w individualistic, collectivitist cultures e.g india emphasize need of community so dont aim to self actualise = cant apply universally

Question 5

cognitive approach

Answer 5

soft determinism - caused by internal factors (imp) but have choice over behav (unlike bio which says we have no choice) - beneficial as indiv feel have more control and can alter faulty thought processes = more positive and approp approach

scientific methods - brain scan + lab experiments = high control over extran var = get cause and effect

prac app - cbt - principle - behav caused by imp

Question 6

learning approach - social learning theory

Answer 6

scientific methods - obj and empir - bandura bobo doll - high control - model model same type of agression

prac app - used by government to control how media portrays certain behav

goes beyond behaviourist approach - element of free will (soft d) behav is result of external model but can choose to imitate and who we model - superior to hard derterminism approaches

Question 7

biological approach

Answer 7

biological determinism

biological reductionism

prac app - drug treatments

Question 8

emergence of cognitive neuroscience

Answer 8

scientific methods - brain scans (pet & fmri)

lacks mundane realism - thinking of riding of bike in brain scans

prac app - neurorehabilition - brocas area speech rehab