AROM/AAROM/PROM

Question 1

What is AROM?

Answer 1

movement of a segment within unrestricted ROM that is produced by active contraction of the muscles that cross that joint

Question 2

What are benefits of AROM

Answer 2

1. maintain physiological elasticity, strength and contractile endurance of muscle
2. increase local circulation
3. increases awareness of joint motion and sensory awareness
4. maintain and improve cardiopulmonary fitness when used with aerobic exercise
5. may help prevent thrombus formation in LE with ankle pumps
6. maintain and promotes structural integrity of the tendon-bone interface
7. improve muscles strength with use of external resistance

Question 3

What are indications of active exercise/AROM

Answer 3

-used in preference to PROM/AAROM
-used for aerobic conditioning
-to prevent complications of immobility

Question 4

Contra-indication/precautions of using AROM

Answer 4

-used with care in early healing
-cardiac instability (undesired cardiac stress/abnormal breathing)
-after cardiac surgery with careful monitoring
-pain during or persists after exercise

Question 5

what is AAROM

Answer 5

assisted range of motion provides assistance while allowing the muscle to function at its maximum level

Question 6

what is PROM

Answer 6

the range of motion performed on a person by manual or mechanical means
-manual by self or other (PT)
-mechanical like a CPM (Continuous PROM machine)

Question 7

what is the goal of PROM

Answer 7

examination to confirm or refute diagnosis
-asses mobility and stability of a joint
-integrity of non contractile tissue
-asses influence of pain
as an intervention: to maintain joint ROM

Question 8

what are the benefits of PROM

Answer 8

-maintain ROM
-minimize development of contractures
-maintain local circulatory/cartilage nutrition
-promote healing after injury/surgery
-maintain patients awareness of movement
-evaluation of ROM/comparison of A/PROM
-enhance learning of movement
-reduce pain

Question 9

what are limitations of PROM

Answer 9

-does not prevent muscle atrophy
-does not maintain or increase muscle tone/strength/endurance or reduce adipose tissue
-does not increase circulation to the extent that AROM does

Question 10

Indications for PROM

Answer 10

1, assessment technique
2. When the patients own muscle force is not sufficient to produce safe and effective motion at the joint
3. When active contraction of the muscles would be harmful
4. Educating the patient

Question 11

What are contra-indications for PROM

Answer 11

-when it is disruptive to the healing process (ex muscle/tendon repair)
-when strong muscle guarding causes pain
-when active ex is indicated
-unstable cardiac condition
-orthopedic restrictions