Shoulder MMT

Question 1

Upper trapezius and elevator scapulae

Answer 1

Position:
1. AG: sitting arms relaxed at sides
2. GM: supine or prone and examiner supports UE

Movement: elevate shoulders

resistance: superior acromion towards depression and posterior aspect of occiput towards contralateral neck flexion

Question 2

Middle trapezius

Answer 2

Position:
1. AG: prone, elbow flexed over edge of table
2. GM: sitting, UE resting on table, shoulder and elbow @ 90* of flexion

Movement: bring scapulae together

resistance: lateral aspect of scapula

Question 3

lower trapezius

Answer 3

Position:
1. AG: prone shoulder abducted 130*
2. GM: same as AG

Movement: bring scapulae together

resistance: lateral aspect of scapulae toward scapular abduction and elevation

Question 4

Rhomboids

Answer 4

Position:
1. AG: prone hand resting on L/S
2. GM: sitting, hand resting on L/S
Movement: lift hand off back
resistance: medial border of scapulae

Question 5

Anterior deltoid

Answer 5

Position:
1. AG:sitting, shoulder in neutral rotation, elbow flexed to 90*
2. GM: sidling, UE supported, sitting, shoulder in neutral rotation, elbow flexed to 90*

Movement: flex shoulder to 90*

resistance: proximal to elbow

Question 6

Middle deltoid

Answer 6

Position:
1. AG: Sitting, shoulder in neutral rotation, elbow extended
2. GM: supine, UE supported, elbow extended

Movement: abduct shoulder to 90*

resistance: proximal to elbow

Question 7

posterior deltoid

Answer 7

Position:
1. AG: prone, shoulder flexed over edge of table
2. GM: sitting, UE supported in 90* shoulder flexion elbow flexed to 90

Movement: Horizontally Abduct arm

resistance: posterior arm proximal to elbow

Question 8

Serratus Anterior

Answer 8

AG: seated, arms at sides w/o back support
GM: no separate test

Movement: active scapular upward rotation by flexing shoulder to 125*

Resistance: attempt to de-rotate scapular with resistance above elbow in direction of shoulder extension and to inferior angle in direction of downward rotation

OR
AG: supine, shoulder flexed to 90* elbow flexion
GM- sitting with upper limb resting on a table shoulder at 90*

Movement: protract scapula
resistance: at flexed elbow down toward scapular retraction

Question 9

Coracobrachialis

Answer 9

AG: sitting, shoulder ER, elbow Flexed, forearm pronated
GM: side-lying, shoulder ER, elbow flexed, forearm pronated

Movement: flex shoulder to 90*

resistance: proximal to elbow

Question 10

Latissimus dorsi

Answer 10

Position:
-AG: prone, shoulder flexed and IR over edge of table
-GM: sidelying, UE supported in 90* shoulder flexion

Movement: extend the shoulder
Resistance: posterior arm proximal to elbow

Question 11

Teres Major

Answer 11

Position:
-AG-prone, shoulder IR, hand resting on lower back
-GM: not tested

Movement: adduct and extend shoulder
Resistance: proximal to elbow joint

Question 12

Supraspinatus

Answer 12

Position:
-AG: sitting, shoulder in neutral rotation, elbow extended
-GM: supine, UE supported, shoulder in neutral rotation, elbow extended

Movement: abduct to 90*
Resistance: proximal to elbow in direction of shoulder adduction
OR raise arm to 90* elevation in the scapular plane with thumb pointing to the ceiling

Question 13

Pectoralis major

Answer 13

Position:
-AG: supine, shoulder in neutral rotation, 90* abduction, elbow flexed
-GM: sitting, UE supoorted, shoulder in neutral rotation, 90* abduction, elbow flexed

Movement:
-clavicular head: horizontal adduction and flexion (elbow)
-sternal head: horizontal adduction and extension

Resistance: proximal to elbow

Question 14

Subscapularis

Answer 14

Position:
-AG: prone, shoulder abducted, elbow flexed over edge of table
-GM: prone, shoulder flexed over edge of table

movement: shoulder IR

Resistance: proximal to wrist

Question 15

Infraspinatus/teres minor

Answer 15

position:
-AG: prone, elbow flexed over edge of table
-GM: prone, shoulder flexed over edge of table

Movement: shoulder ER

resistance: proximal to wrist