arousal and anxiety

Question 1

section 3 arousal and anxiety

Answer 1

to come back from hysteris learn biofeedback

cbt
aiming to change trait anxiety
stems from Turner and Barker who used dbt on 4 elite cricket players who suffered anxiety, after cbt anxiety was reduced

Question 2

fazey and hardy part a

Answer 2

aimed to develop new catastrophe model to improve on criticisms from inverted u
critcisms was it was no applicable to the real word, had no evidence and did not consider the effect of individual differences
catastrophe model stated performance reaches an optimun level of arousal and take a sharp decliine (catastrophe)
phsyiological anxiety can be beneficial in improving performance but if cog anxiety is high, there will be a dramatic drop in performance
they accounted for individual differences through hysterisis by including athletes can recover agsin due to varying fsctors like experience and external factors.

Question 3

oxendine research

Answer 3

several factors affected optimum level of arousal
-skill level
-type of sport
- indiivudal factors

Question 4

martens research

Answer 4

scat sampled on 12-15 yrs olds in chicago
measured trait anxiety
predicts behaviour in sport, predictive validity
low internal as sdb
score out of 30, 15 itmes they say it true rarely, sometimes or often

Question 5

nature nurutre

Answer 5

fazey hardy- arousal and anxiety is within
nature
scientific
but
reductionist

oxendine- nurutre, diff types of sport
useful
but determinism

Question 6

reductionism holism

Answer 6

reductionism, fazey and hardy, doenst consider on how environment can affect
scientifc
but
incomplete

oxendine- holism, diff types of sport, skill level and individual differences
useful
but
determinism

Question 7

free will determinism

Answer 7

oxendine- free will, choose to improve skill elvel or low arousal sports
ethical
but
unscientific

determinism- fazey and hazey
predetermined by level of cog anxietiy and hysterisis on ability to recover
useful
but
reductionism

Question 8

ethnocentrism

Answer 8

martens- 12-15 yrs old from chicago
westernised sample
low pop validity
but
reduced invidiaul differences

fazey and hardey- innate
universal
so more useful, high pop validity

oxendine- universal, applies to all cultures through diff types of sport

Question 9

ethics

Question 10

science

Answer 10

fazey and hardy- yes
hypothesis testing
improves rep

martens- no
sdb so low control

oxendine- 3 factors,
cant infer cause and effect

Question 11

usefulness

Answer 11

fazey and hardy-
hypothesis testing furthers understanding

oxendine-
practical apps

martens-
ethnocentric sample