Art Section 2 & 3 Flashcards
1
Q
The Creators of Land Mark (Foot Prints) (2002) went under the partnered name of “Allora & Calazadilla” What were their first names?
A
Jennifer Allora, Guillermo Calzadilla
2
Q
When was One of the “Land Mark (Foot Prints)” creators , Alora born and where?
A
Philadelphia 1974
3
Q
When was One of the “Land Mark (Foot Prints)” creators , Calazadilla born and where?
A
Havana, Cuba 1971
4
Q
What was the extended series (Including “Land Mark (Foot Prints)”) Allora & Calazadilla created about?
A
Land Use on Puerto Rico
5
Q
What happened during the Second World War, that caused a “Civil Disobedience Campaign” to begin in the 1970. That lead to the creation of “Land Mark (Foot Prints)”?
A
The United states military took possession of Vieques to use as a location to test and store weapons. This caused great harm to the residents and environment of the area.
6
Q
Who lead the “Civil Disobedience Campaign” in 1970s?
A
Vieques Fisherman’s Association
7
Q
The works with Images included a map of Vieques with Two large “X’s” what do these “X’s” point too?
A
The Western side had the Storage Area, and the Eastern side has the Bombing Range.
8
Q
How did Allora & Calzadilla document “Land Mark (Foot Prints)”?
A
They photographed the imprints, and displayed their artwork via two sets of twelve. This sets can be displayed separately.
9
Q
What kind of ground was the footprints left on for “Land Mark (Foot Prints)”?
A
Sand
10
Q
In the United States, landscape paintings were made to harness what 19th century belief?
A
Manifest Destiny
11
Q
Where was “Land Mark (Foot Prints) created?
A
Puerto Rico. (specifically Vieques island)
12
Q
When did the civil disobedience campaign start that eventually made “Land Mark (Foot Prints)”?
A
1970s
13
Q
When was “Land Mark (Foot Prints) made?
A
2002
14
Q
How many images are in the series of art works “Land Mark (Foot Prints)”
A
- (2 sets of 12)
15
Q
On one of the soles of the shoes in “Land Mark (Foot Prints)”, An image of the Apollo 11 crew planting the US flag on the moon. why is this related to the protest on Cuba?
A
It shows US colonialism. They planted the flag on the moon & they are planting their flag on Cuba.
16
Q
In 2005, Allora & Caldzadilla (Creators of “Land Mark (Foot Prints)”) created a 6 minute video still talking about the US military occupation of Vieques entitled..
A
Under Discussion
17
Q
During the making of “Land Mark (Foot Prints)”, Allora & Caldzilla posed 4 questions to the audience. What is one of them?
A
“How is land differentiated from other land by the way it is marked? Who decides what is worth preserving and what is destroyed? What are the strategies for reclaiming marked land? How does one articulate an ethics & politics of land use?
18
Q
“How is land differentiated from other land by the way it is marked? Who decides what is worth preserving and what is destroyed? What are the strategies for reclaiming marked land? How does one articulate an ethics & politics of land use?
A
1965 St. Mary Ontario Canada
19
Q
To what group of indigenous people does Kent Monkmen identify as?
A
Cree
20
Q
What natural Water feature dose “the forth world” show?
A
A waterfall
21
Q
What feature of style of clothing do the humans in “the forth world” have
A
There wearing camouflage
22
Q
How many people appear in “The forth world”
A
Three
23
Q
What types of animals appear in “The forth world
A
Bison, horses, and humans
24
Q
What act are the men in “The forth world” said to be doing
A
“Playing Indian”
25
What other painting served as a based for "The forth world"
Cho-looke, the Yosemite falls
26
In "The forth world" what real world event dose the inclusion of The Clara-Clara sculpture represent
The mass killing of bison the took place during the 1800s
27
Who is the artist of the selected work "Battle for the Woodlands", 2014--2015?
Bonnie Devine
28
Where and when was Bonnie Devine (the artist of our selected work "Battle for the Woodlands", 2014-2015) born?
she was born in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, in 1952
29
What is the name of the First Nation group that Bonnie Devine (the artist of our selected work "Battle for the Woodlands", 2014-2015)? Hint: think of where she was born
Serpent River First Nation of Northern Ontario (Anishinaabe/Ojibwa)
30
As an installation artist, Bonnie Devine (the artist of our selected work "Battle for the Woodlands", 2014-2015) has done many installations. One of her first site-specific installations include Reclamation Project (which shows a bunch of sod draped across different parts of Ontario), was in response to what? Describe the events that took place.
she said that she made the Reclamation Project in reponse to the Ipperwash Crisis (Ontario Province Police acting against an Indeginous protest at Camp Ipperwash in Kettle and Stony Point First Nation in 1995) this had resulted in Dudley George's death as he was shot. This resulted in Bonnie Devine temporily (for about 10 minutes, long enough to get a polariod) installing six rolls of sod at various sites.
31
In the selected art work "Battle for the Woodlands", 2014-2015", what are the five aquatic animals that Bonnie Devine depicts in red oxide paint as living in the Five Great Lakes despite only two being shown on the map?
buffalo, otter, turtle, rabbit, leviathan
32
As a site specific installation, where is the selected work "Battle for the Woodlands", 2014-2015 located?
in its own room at the Art Gallery of Ontario, Toronto, Ontario
33
Similarly to Rebecca Belmore and Ana Mediata, Devine's (artist of our selected work "Battle for the Woodlands", 2014--2015) work resists what?
the notion that sites should or even can be possessed as her work was not permanent in a site or even possessing it
34
What is Bonnie Devine's current job since 2008? (remember she is the installation artist of our selected work "Battle for the Woodlands", 2014-2015)
she has taught at Ontario College of Art and Design University (OCAD) and served as a Founding Chair of its Indigenous Visual Culture Program
35
In our selected work, "Battle for the Woodlands", 2014-2015, has a colonial map that draws divisions within the territory. Devine's representation of animals, people, land, and water in co-existence contrast with this by creating ________?
connection rather than separation
36
What type of artist is Will Wilson?
Will Wilson is a contemporary Diné (Navajo) artist.
37
What did Will Wilson study in college and what colleges did he attend?
Will Wilson attended Oberlin College and studied photography, sculpture, and art history and got his bachelor's degree in studio art and art history in 1993 and earned a Master of Fine Arts degree at the University of New Mexico in 2002.
38
What series is Church Rock Spill Evaporation Ponds by Will Wilson apart of?
Church Rock Spill Evaporation Ponds is a part of a photographic series called "Survey".
39
What type of image is Church Rock Spill Evaporation Ponds?
Church Rock Spill Evaporation Ponds is an aerial view, meaning that it is a photographic image shot from above, in the sky.
40
What happened on July 16, 1979 in Arizona?
The dam holding contaminated water at the Church Rock uranium mill breached, releasing more than 93 million gallons of radioactive liquid into the Puerco River, traveling eighty miles downstream to Navajo County, Arizona and on to the Navajo Nation.
41
How many tons of uranium ore were extracted from mines on the lands of the Navajo Nation? (Church Rock Spill Evaporation Ponds)
Four milllion tons.
42
How far was the radiation detected? (Church Rock Spill Evaporation Ponds)
As far away as Sanders, Arizona, fifty miles down stream.
43
How long after Three Mile Island did the Church Rock spill occur?
Less than four months.
44
How many mines have been abandoned? (Church Rock Spill Evaporation Ponds)
More than 500.
45
What is Dinetah called by U.S. law?
Navajo Nation
46
Where did Three Mile Island occur?
Pennsylvania
47
The activities of the military and mining industries perpetuate which false assumption?
That the indigenous peoples of North America exist only in the past.
48
Which photographer exhibited stereotyped portraits of Native American subjects.
Edward S. Curtis
49
What technique did Wilson use in his portraits in response to Curtis's perception of Native American identity?
Wet plate collodion photographs
50
What is the wet plate collodion technique?
It creates a glass-plate negative measuring eight inches by ten inches in the camera.
51
Where does Wilson display his portrait photographs using the wet plate collodion technique?
On his personal, artist's website
52
What do Wilson's portraits seek?
To humanize pictures of people who historically have been dehumanized.
53
Wilson's approach in portraits is similar to the photographic projects of which person?
LaToya Ruby Frazier
54
What is technique Appropriation in art?
An artistic technique in which one artist strategically uses the form of another artwork to give it a new meaning.
55
When did the term "Appropriation" (artistic technique) began to be commonly used?
In the 1980s
56
What part of Kent Monkman's painting is colored with copper?
The walls through which the bison ran are copper-colored.
57
What art work does the copper walls in Kent Momkman's painting are a copy of?
They are a copy of the artwork Clara-Clara (1983) by Richard Serra.
58
What copper like color is used in the Clara-Clara artwork by Richard Serra?
The weather color of rusted COR-TEB steel
59
Where was Tilted arc by Richard Serra originally installed?
In lower Manhattan
60
How did Native American hunters traditionally kill bison?
They would used the land like directing bison towards a cliff.
61
Where was the Clara-Clara originally placed at?
The Beaubourg area of Paris
62
Where was the Clara Clara moved to in 2008?
Pari's Tuileries Garden for the exhibition Monumenta 2008
63
Devine is interested in what?
in bringing together Indigenous art-making practices, collective memory, and environmental impact through multi- media installations
64
When did Devine create Battle for the Woodlands?
2014-2015
65
what is the Battle for the Woodlands
maple and willow wood
66
Where is Battle for the Woodlands in?
Art Gallery of Ontario
67
Devine depicts the entire aquatic system of the five Great Lakes which five animals?
buffalo, otter, turtle, rabbit, and leviathan
68
What are the animals depicting the Great Lakes painted with?
in red oxide
69
A final element of the painting shows dozens of animals, including ____.
deer, bison, bear, and rabbits
70
Devine describes this migration as what?
“catastrophic habitat loss”
71
Devine shows the implications of what?
forced occupation
72
What role did Will Wilson hold at Santa Fe Community College?
He was the Head of Photography.
73
What does the term "tailings" refer to in the context of uranium mining?
Radioactive waste products from uranium mining containing heavy metals and radium.
74
What was the immediate effect of the Church Rock spill on local wildlife?
Sheep died, and crops along the riverbanks were damaged.
75
Which government body acknowledged the ongoing environmental hazards faced by the Navajo people?
The U.S. Government Accountability Office.
76
How did Wilson's work contribute to public awareness of environmental issues?
By bringing attention to the toxicity of the Church Rock spill and its lingering effects.
77
What misconception does Wilson’s series "Survey" challenge about the land of Dinétah?
That it is unpopulated and not affected by mining activities.
78
What type of visual systems does Will Wilson incorporate into his contemporary art?
Randomization and projection of complex visual systems within virtual environments.
79
What significant historical period does Wilson reference regarding Edward S. Curtis?
The years from 1907 to 1930 when Curtis produced his work on Native Americans.
80
What is the significance of the title "Church Rock Spill Evaporation Ponds" in relation to environmental activism?
The title highlights the ongoing environmental impact of uranium mining and raises awareness about the toxic legacy left in the wake of industrial activities on Indigenous lands.
81
What is the name of the project created by the newly formed Environmental Protection Agency in the 1970s' and has produced more than 20,000 photos of American pollution, infrastructure, and wilderness?
Documerica project
82
Who spent three-years on a project in Minamata, Japan, photographing the effects of mercury poisoning from a local factory?
W. Eugene Smith
83
In art, what is a tool used to record and communicate environmental damage? (Hint: think of the Eugen Smith's time in Japan and the Documerica project)
photography
84
In his series called "Midway", Chris Jordan takes close-up photos of?
the plastic waste that is found in dead, decaying birds
85
What is the name of Yao Lu's series that depicts mounds of garbage laden with green netting to appear like landscapes of traditional Chinese scroll paintings?
"New Landscapes"
86
What does the term "sublime" mean in terms of art? (Remember its history dates back to ancient philosophy)
refers to an overwhelming sense of awe at the magnifico of something that can be felt but not fully understood
87
The photographer Burtynsky creates colorful images of polluted rivers and waste produced from industrial mining that has been coined by scholars as a _____?
"toxic sublime"
88
What is the effect of a toxic sublime in environmental photography?
of making the extreme appearance of pollution beautiful and almost pleasurablle to look at
89
Who, besides the Harrisons--discussed in section 4, are one of the first artists in the postwar decades to articulate an explicitly ecological direction for art? (Hint: she is the artist behind our selected artwork "Wheatfield--A Confrontation: Battery Park Landfill, Downtown Manhattan--With Agnes Denes Standing in the Field", 1982)
Agnes Dene
90
Studying at the New School and Columbia University Agnes Dene (the artist of "Wheatfield--A Confrontation: Battery Park Landfill, Downtown Manhattan--With Agnes Denes Standing in the Field", 1982) began her career as a ______ before pursuing visual arts full-time
poet
91
How does Agnes Denes (the artist of "Wheatfield--A Confrontation: Battery Park Landfill, Downtown Manhattan--With Agnes Denes Standing in the Field", 1982) describer her work Rice/Tree/Burial?
as a "manifesto", which means it is a creative work that sets out an agenda for radical change
92
What is the name of the work created by Agnes Denes (the artist of our selected work: "Wheatfield--A Confrontation Battery Park Landfill, Downtown Manhattan--with Agnes Denes Standing in the Field", 1982) that is one of the foundational works of contemporary ecological art?
Rice/Tree/Burial (1968)
93
Describe Anges Denes's (the artist of our selected work Wheatfield--A Confrontation Battery Park Landfill, Downtown Manhattan--with Anges Denes Standing in the Field", 1982) work Rice/Tree/Burial of 1968 that was carried out in Sullivan County, New York.
The Rice: the rice in the title is actual rice that Denes had planted in the ground as a gesture and actual means to sustain life The Tree: was a group of mature trees that Denes had wrapped in chains to create a zig-zag pattern of metal reaching up to the sky The Burial: was the burying of a haiku poem she had written (not kept record though)
94
What do the trees being chained in the work Rice/Tree/Burial (1968) by Agnes Denes (the artist of our selected work: "Wheatfield--A Confrontation: Battery Park Landfill, Downtown Manhattan--With Agnes denes Standing in the Field", 1982) symbolize?
human damage and interference with the natural world
95
How come Agnes Denes (the artist of our selected work: "Wheatfield--A Confrontation: Battery Park Landfill, Downtown Manhattan--With Agnes Denes Standing in the Field", 1982) did not keep a record of her poem that she buried (referencing the title) for her work Rice/Tree/Burial?
due to part of her expression being to give up human thought and the conventions of poetic form into the earth
96
What was the fourth element that Agnes Denes (the artist of our selected work "Wheatfield--A Confrontation: Battery Park Landfill, Downtown Manhattan--With Agnes Denes Standing in the Field", 1982) added to her three-part artwork Rice/Tree/Burial?
involved the act of filming the precipice of Niagara Falls for a sustained period of seven days while propped out over the falls on a constructed ledge
97
Instead of time of time capsules Denes liked
trees
98
What did Denes propose?
a pattern of 10,000 trees, to be planted by 10,000 people
99
what country announced at the 1992 Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro that it would sponsor her piece.
Finland
100
How many trees ended up being planted?
11,000
101
How long do the people who planted the trees own their individual tree?
400 years
102
Denes’s artwork continues to challenge the norms of how communities interact with local ecosystems and brings forth the possibility that works of art might do what?
span large swaths of time and space in their impact and reach.
103
True or False: Wheatfield is a work of fiction.
False
104
What is Denes's most ambitious project?
tree mountain
105
What did Denes’s photographs of Wheatfield look like?
manipulated images and/or collages
106
What significant environmental issue did the Documerica project focus on?
American pollution and its impact on infrastructure and wilderness.
107
What kind of art does Chris Jordan create in his "Midway" series?
Close-up photographs highlighting the plastic waste found in dead birds
108
Which artist's work is referred to as the "toxic sublime"?
Edward Burtynsky, known for his images of polluted environments
109
What was the purpose of Denes's project Rice/Tree/Burial?
To act as a manifesto for ecological awareness and change
110
How did Agnes Denes symbolize human interference with nature in her artwork?
By wrapping mature trees in chains
111
What concept does the term "Eco-Logic" refer to in Denes’s work?
The combination of philosophical concepts and ecological concerns in art.
112
What land did Denes use for her Wheatfield project, and what was its historical significance?
Land under the World Trade Center, previously a polluted landfill
113
What unusual element did Denes incorporate into her second iteration of Rice/Tree/Burial?
A time capsule encased in concrete
114
What impact did Denes hope her projects would have on community interaction with ecosystems?
To encourage a long-term relationship with local environments.
115
were was Vik Muniz born
São paluo Brazil
116
at first glance what dose marat (Sebastião) show
A man in a pile of garbage
117
Were in the united states did Vik Muniz move to in his 20s
New York and Chicago
118
What is Vik Muniz most famous for
recreating famous photographs using unexpected things
119
what strange material did Vik Muniz recreate the Mona Lisa out of
peanut butter and jelly
120
What did Vik Muniz do for his series named "The best of life" known for
He drew famous paintings from life magazine from memory
121
what year was Marat (Sebastião) made
2008
122
True or false. Vik Muniz drawings for "The best of life" took one attempt each
false they often took several attempts
123
what famous painting is Marat (Sebastião) named after
Death of Marat by Jacques-Louis David in 1793
124
What series was Double Mona Lisa apart of?
It was apart of a series titled "After Warhol"
125
What was Jackson Pollock recognized for?
His uniqueness in his of his abstract syle of painting.
126
Who is the chief of the Vuntut Gwichin First Nation?
Dana Tizya-Tramm
127
What material did Muniz use to create Action Photo, after Hans Namuth?
Chocalate Syrup
128
What does Muniz want to do with his art?
To change the lives of people with the same materials they deal with everyday.
129
What did Muniz raise awareness about?
The condition of Catadores in Brazil.
130
What is one of Agnes Denes's formative works of eco art?
Rice/Tree/Burial of 1968
131
What did Muniz do with his profit from selling his works at auction?
He gave back a portion of the profit to the catadores depicted in his works.
132
Why does Muniz want to step away from the realm of fine arts?
He thinks its a very exclusive, and very restrictive place to be.
133
When was Vik Muniz born?
1961
134
What was Vik Muniz first established career?
Sculpting
135
Who is depicted in Vik Muniz's "Action Photo, after Hans Namuth"?
The American artist Jackson Pollock at work in his studio
136
What series is the photograph "Pictures of Garbage" from?
From the series "Pictures of Garbage"
137
Who did Vik Muniz collaborate with to take "Pictures of Garbage"?
With garbage pickers in Jardim Gramacho, large dump near Rio de Janeiro.
138
In what film by Lucy Walker was the process to take the "Pictures of Garbage" by Vik Muniz documented on?
In the film waste Land
139
When was the film Waste Land by Lucy Walker released?
2010
140
Who are called catadores?
Impoverished garbage pickers in Brazil who comb through waste to extract salable materials
141
T/F In Vik Muniz series "The Best of Life" one of his photograph despicts a Kiss at Times Square.
True
142
Where was Noah Purifoy born?
Snow Hill, Alabama,
143
When was Noah Purifoy born and when did he die?
He was born in 1917 and died in 2004.
144
Where did Noah Purifoy live?
Joshua Tree, California.
145
Where did Noah Purifoy earn his bachelor's degree and his master's degree?
He earned his bachelor's degree at Alabama State Teachers College and he earned his master's degree from Atlanta University in the 1940s.
146
Where did Noah Purifoy earn his Bachelor of Fine Arts degree?
The Chouinard Art Institute in 1956.
147
In 1966 why did Noah Purifoy leave his position at the Watts Towers Arts Center?
To teach at California colleges and universities.
148
What did Noah Purifoy transition to after stopping working as an artist in the late 1970s?
Arts administration as a member of the California Arts
Council.
149
What was Noah Purifoy's traveling exhibition for his series of junk art titled?
66 Signs of Neon
150
What does 66 Signs of Neon by Noah Purifoy embody?
Environmental issues, including the toxicity of building materials.
151
Who did Noah Purifoy work alongside to organize an exhibition of assembled scrlpture from the found refuse? (This exhibition known as 66 Signs of Neon)
Judson Powell
152
What materials did Purifoy and Powell use in the exhibition of 66 Signs of Neon?
They began with materials created from Lead of melted neon sighs. They also adds works by 6 additional artists to build a total exhibition of 66 objects.
153
What kind of turn did Purifoy's junk sculptures take?
environmental turn with the installation of his new sculptures around his home, now called "Noah Purifoy Outdoor Desert Art Museum" it consist of dozens of site-based sculptures arranged in a loose configuration
154
Purifoy was participating in a oral interview when he made what connection with the junk he used for his art?
He connected it to the environmental experience of communities of color
155
What was Offshore Drilling (Noah Purifoy) created with and how?
Stored in Noah Purifoy Outside Museum. It is composed of a complex tangle of rusted scrap metal that has been bolted and fasted together
156
Regarding the Santa Barbra oil spill in the 1960s and 1970s. What kind of Questions did "Offshore Drilling" Pose?
Poverty, oil extraction, toxicity
157
What was the final body of artwork did Purifoy create when he moved to the Mojave Desert? What kind of life did he have while creating this work?
"Offshore Drilling" when moving he consciously committed to living a life of poverty
158
What work of Purifoy's was "Offshore Drilling" right next too in his outdoor museum?
"Ode to Frank Gehry" (2000)
159
Purifoy created a work called "Ode to Frank Gehry" this was named after a LA architect whose buildings define the images of many cities. What kind of Panels was his Museum made from that he used in later buildings. Name the building in Los Angeles that this was used.
Titanium Panels, used in Disney Philharmonic located in downtown Los Angeles
160
What year was the artwork 'Caribou Migration' made?
2002
161
Who made 'Caribou Migration'?
Subhankar Banerjee
162
In 2000, Banerjee Quit his job & decided to move to Alaska... why?
So he could photograph polar bears in their truly natural habitat
163
In 2000, The ANWR was in a long l;egal battle with the US over
Oil discovered in their territory
164
Over the course of the legal battle with the US, there were 2 Alaska senators with different beliefs. who were these senators?
Frank Murkowski, who believed we should drill for oil. & Barbra Boxer believed we should preserve the arctic
165
When was the ANWR established?
1960
166
Caribou Migration Is a hand drawn painting depicting an ariel view. T/F
False. Its a photograph
167
In the senate debate, Alaska senator held up an image of a(n)_____
Polar bear
168
Did the US ever drill oil from the region owned by the ANWR
yes, in early 2021
169
The materials of clay, stone, and wood have been essential to
creating sculptures
170
Which culture’s artists FIRST depicted land as the subject of paintings?
Dutch
171
In which artistic period did painters FIRST experiment with new techniques to emphasize the uniqueness of their landscapes?
Romantic
172
Which of the following ideas BEST describes the concept of Manifest Destiny?
a. that American settlers should respect and preserve indigenous cultures
b. that the United States should eventually occupy Canada and Mexico
c. that American settlers were predestined by God to expand west
d. that the West was a land full of economic opportunities
e. that English culture should dominate in the United States
that American settlers were predestined by God to expand west
173
Notions of Manifest Destiny MOST disregarded
indigenous peoples
174
Compared to Euro-American artists of the past, contemporary artists place more value on
hidden landscapes
175
Who painted Among the Sierra Nevada, California?
Albert Bierstadt
176
Which of the following terms is NOT used to describe inhabitants of North America before European colonization?
a. “Aboriginal”
b. “Colonials”
c. “Indian”
d. “Indigenous”
e. “First Nations”
“Colonials”
177
The term “Indigenous” more generally refers to the
people whose culture originates from a specific place
178
Which of the following terms refers to the first inhabitants of a territory and is more commonly used in Canada than the United States?
Aboriginal
179
In which of the following decades did the term “Native American” initially gain popularity through political movements ?
a. 1910s
b. 1960s
c. 1860s
d. 1940s
e. 1810s
1960s
180
Why is the term “Indian” different from other commonly used terms for describing the first inhabitants of North America?
It carries legal standing in the United States.
181
How do traditional and contemporary artists differ in their methodology of landscape representation?
Traditional artists focus on the picturesque, while contemporary artists emphasize political issues.
182
Which of the following artists experimented with new landscape techniques in the Romantic period?
a. Asher B. Durand
b. John Constable
c. Gilbert Stuart
d. Thomas Gainsborough
e. Joshua Reynolds
John Constable
183
A consequence of the belief in Manifest Destiny was
the displacement of original inhabitants, along with the mass killing of Indigenous inhabitants of the Western United States
184
Where did artists Jennifer Allora and Guillermo Cazadilla meet?
Florence in 1995
185
Which of the following media do Allora and Cazadilla NOT frequently use?
a. performance
b. engraving
c. sculpture
d. sound
e. photography
engraving
186
What event sparked the 1999 Vieques protests?
an accidental civilian bombing, which killed David Sanes Rodriguez
187
What group organized the civil disobedience campaign in Vieques?
The Vieques Fishermen’ Association
188
Which of the following materials was used to create the soles of the shoes used in Land Mark (Foot Prints)?
Plexiglass
189
On the map created as a part of Land Mark (Foot Prints), which two locations are marked with Xs?
the weapons depot and the bombing range
190
What theme does Allora and Cazadilla’s use of space imagery represent?
the spread of imperialism
191
How does the “land mark” of Allora and Cazadilla’s work differ from the traditional notion of a landmark?
It is impermanent and swept away by the wind
192
What unconventional object functions as a boat in Under Discussion?
an overturned table
193
Land Mark (Foot Prints) does NOT raise which of the following questions?
a. How do we discuss the ethics of land use?
b. What impact does human activity have on wildlife?
c. Who decides what should be preserved?
d. How can groups reclaim marked land?
e. How is land differentiated by the way it is marked?
What impact does human activity have on wildlife?
194
In which of the following media has Kent Monkman NOT worked?
a. painting
b. installation
c. film
d. performance
e. engraving
engraving
195
Why do Sherrie Levine’s appropriated photographs communicate different messages than earlier identical photographs?
The time period, identity, and intention of the artist are different.
196
Which of the following artistic traditions did Kent Monkman cite in his painting The Fourth World?
site-specific sculpture
197
Albert Bierstadt, Thomas Moran, and Thomas Hill were BEST known for their
paintings of mountains in the American West
198
Which of the following historical events is NOT a result of nineteenth-century romanticist American landscape paintings?
a. spread of Manifest Destiny
b. expanding of American occupation westward
c. increase of European colonialism worldwide
d. the California genocide
e. dedication of national park lands
increase of European colonialism worldwide
199
Which indigenous group of people lived in the Yosemite National Park land in 1864?
Miwok
200
How does the appearance of the horse in The Fourth World depict nuance in Indigenous colonial history?
Despite being associated with “wild west” Native Americans, horses were introduced by Europeans.
201
Of what material is Clara-Clara made?
COR-TEN steel
202
Why was Tilted Arc controversial?
The sculpture was moved from its intended location.
203
Clara-Clara was moved to
Tuileries Garden in Paris
204
What tradition is Clara-Clara used to demonstrate in The Fourth World?
buffalo jump
205
Which artist was known for type-casting Native American subjects?
George Catlin
206
Which of the following definitions best describes “the fourth world”?
a. the first inhabitants of a territory
b. the home village of an indigenous group
c. something that can be felt but not fully understood
d. cultures that must exist within another political entity
e. a collectively held set of cultural beliefs and practices
cultures that must exist within another political entity
207
Of which indigenous nation is Bonnie Devine a member?
Ojibwa
208
How is Bonnie Devine’s art similar to that of Rebecca Belmore and Ana Mendieta?
Devine’s site performances are meant to be temporary.
209
Which traditional indigenous art-making technique did Devine use in some of her earlier works?
sewing
210
Stories from the Shield used all of the following materials EXCEPT
a. tree stumps
b. rocks
c. silk threads
d. flowers
e. paper
flowers
211
Devine created Stories from the Shield to comment on the
environmental impact of uranium mining
212
Which art historian commented on the topics addressed in Devine’s MFA thesis?
Cynthia Fowler
213
In Battle for the Woodlands, Devine uses beads to highlight
borderlines once established by treaties that were later broken
214
In Battle for the Woodlands, Devine sought to depict the Great Lakes as
spiritual beings
215
Battle for the Woodlands depicts dozens of animals engaging in the action of
fleeing to the West
216
According to Devine, Stories from the Shield primarily explores the relationship between
land and consciousness
217
In Battle for the Woodlands, how does Devine’s perspective differ from traditional colonial viewpoints?
Devine emphasizes a peaceful co-existence between mankind and the natural environment.
218
Devine emphasizes a peaceful co-existence between mankind and the natural environment.
Diné
219
Will Wilson has NOT been affiliated with
a. University of Texas at Austin
b. Oberlin College
c. Santa Fe Community College
d. University of Arizona
e. University of New Mexico
University of Arizona
220
What is the name of the traditional homeland of the Navajo people?
Dinétah
221
What is the purpose of Will Wilson’s photographic series “Survey”?
documenting contaminated lands within the Navajo homeland
222
Which river experienced pollution from the Church Rock spill?
Puerco River
223
Which of the following pollutants is NOT common in abandoned mineshafts on Navajo lands?
a. radioactive waste
b. radon
c. heavy metals
d. uranium
e. radium
Radon
224
Which United States government bureau acknowledged the environmental pollution that exists on Navajo lands?
United States Government Accountability Office
225
Why have desert regions in the American West typically been chosen for toxic activities like nuclear weapons testing?
The sites are perceived to be uninhabited
226
Which of the following reasons BEST explains why Will Wilson dislikes Edward S. Curtis’s photographs?
a. Curtis only took photographs of one Native tribe.
b. They isolate Native Americans to one era in time.
c. They are stereotyped portraits that do not accurately represent Native culture.
d. Curtis took the photographs without the consent of his subjects.
e. They are created by a non-Native artist.
They isolate Native Americans to one era in time.
227
What material did Will Wilson use for his photographic negatives?
copper
228
Which photographic medium did Will Wilson commonly use for his portrait photographs?
wet plate collodion
229
Will Wilson’s approach to portrait photography is MOST similar to the work of
LaToya Ruby Frazier
230
Which of the following people has NOT photographed Native American peoples or their lands?
a. Judy Pasternak
b. Will Wilson
c. Arthur Schott
d. Timothy O’Sullivan
e. Edward S. Curtis
Judy Pasternak, not a photographer, she was a writer who wrote a book about the Church Rock spill
231
232
Which of the following descriptions BEST matches Yoa Lu’s New Landscapes?
a. pictures of urban scenes transformed into serene nature settings
b. digital collages of plastic waste arranged to form designs
c. colorful pictures of rivers polluted by industrial mining
d. images of garbage resembling nature scenes from scroll paintings
e. photographs showing the gradual decline of forests across America
images of garbage resembling nature scenes from scroll paintings
233
Edward Burtynsky is MOST associated with the term
"toxic sublime"
234
The chain-wrapped trees in Agnes Denes’s second iteration of Rice/Tree/Burial are a symbol of
humanity’s exploitation of the natural world
235
Which company dumped thousands of tons of toxins into Love Canal?
Hooker Chemical Company
236
What aspects of Agnes Denes’s second iteration of Rice/Tree/Burial also appeared in her first?
chained trees
237
The harvested grain from Wheatfield toured the globe as part of an exhibition aimed at
ending world hunger
238
Which of the following photographs is NOT one of the nine commonly circulated images of Wheatfield?
a. an aerial shot of the rectangular plot of land
b. the wheat being harvested
c. Denes planting a small seedling
d. the barren land before planting began
e. Denes walking through the field
Denes planting a small seedling
239
Wheatfield juxtaposes ideas of
urban and rural life
240
What governments sponsored Denes’s Tree Mountain?
Finland
241
Noah Purifoy started his art career by making
design objects, such as stereo cabinets, beds, and wall decorations
242
In 1964, Noah Purifoy co-founded an arts center named after a(n)
artwork in Los Angeles, in the Watts neighborhood
243
What event directly inspired the creation of 66 Signs of Neon?
the Watts Rebellion, in August 1965
244
66 Signs of Neon PRIMARILY sent a message about
racial discrimination
245
In the late 1970s, Noah Purifoy transitioned from a career as an artist to one in
arts administration
246
What best describes the Noah Purifoy Outdoor Desert Art Museum?
site-specific sculptures around Noah Purifoy’s home
247
Offshore Drilling invokes the architecture of
Anthony Caro
248
Offshore Drilling tackles all of the following subjects EXCEPT
a. the greenhouse effect
b. oil extraction
c. environmental racism
d. toxicity
e. poverty
the greenhouse effect
249
How does oil drilling cause unequal harm?
Pollution from drilling tends to affect poorer communities.
250
Which of the following artworks is NOT in the Noah Purifoy Outdoor Desert Art Museum?
a. Offshore Drilling
b. Carousel
c. 66 Signs of Neon
d. Ode to Frank Gehry
e. Bowling Balls I
66 Signs of Neon
251
Which of the following museums did Frank Gehry design?
a. the Guggenheim Museum
b. the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History
c. the Metropolitan Museum of Modern Art in New York
d. the Minnesota Museumof Art
e. the Louvre
the Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao, Spain ---- he also designed the Disney Philharmonic in downtown Los Angeles
252
Which branch of engineering did Banerjee study in India?
electrical
253
Which club did Banerjee join in New Mexico?
Sierra Club
254
Where did Banerjee move after quitting Boeing?
Alaska
255
Which of these statements about Alaskan drilling did politicians NOT make?
a. Drilling will create more jobs and lower oil prices.
b. Drilling will increase socioeconomic disparities.
c. Drilling will have environmental repercussions.
d. Drilling will make the United States less reliant on foreign support.
e. Drilling will have negative repercussions for Indigenous people in the area.
Drilling will increase socioeconomic disparities.
256
Which Banerjee book caught the attention of curators at the Smithsonian National Museum?
Arctic National Wildlife Refuge
257
How did Banerjee’s work sway the Senate drilling debate?
His photographs showed evidence of wildlife in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge.
258
Which United States senator held up a copy of Banerjee’s book during the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge debate?
Barbara Boxer
259
Which United States senator held up a blank white poster during the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge debate?
Frank Murkowski
260
What did President Biden’s Arctic National Wildlife Refuge executive order do?
It helped suspend oil and gas drilling in the area.
261
How much money did the federal government receive for selling drilling leases in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge?
14.4 million
262
When did the federal government sell oil and gas leases in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge?
2021
263
What point does Caribou Migration I make?
The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge is a fragile ecosystem filled with various species.
264
Caribou Migration I uses
aerial perspective
265
On what species do the Indigenous Gwich’in population rely for sustenance?
caribou, which is also a vital food source for the Indigenous Gwich'in population
266
What sea borders ANWR?
Beaufort Sea
267
In which field did Vik Muniz originally work?
advertising
268
What does the chocolate syrup used in Action Photo, after Hans Namuth mimic?
the liquid quality of Pollock’s poured paint
269
What does “The Best of Life” series depict?
sketches of famous photographs from Life
270
Which piece did Vik Muniz NOT include in his "The Best of Life" series?
a. Man on the Moon
b. Man Stopping Tank in Beijing
c. JFK Jr. Saluting His Father’s Coffin
d. Land Mark (Foot Prints)
e. Kiss at Times Square
Land Mark (Foot Prints)
271
Where is Jardim Gramacho located?
Rio de Janeiro
272
The “Picture of Garbage” series imitates works by all of the following artists EXCEPT
a. Millet
b. Picasso
c. Goya
d. Caravaggio
e. di ser Piero da Vinci
di ser Piero da Vinci
273
What has NOT been a positive of the “Pictures of Garbage” series and the film Waste Lands?
a. They have helped reduce waste accumulation in Brazil.
b. They have raised awareness of the condition of catadores in Brazil.
c. They have raised awareness of the global need to reuse and recycle waste.
d. They have provided payment for the catadores involved in the project.
e. They have raised questions on the ethics and real-world impact of environmental artworks.
They have helped reduce waste accumulation in Brazil.
274
Which of the following themes do contemporary artists tend to dramatize within environmentalist works?
a. pollution
b. wildlife conservation
c. urbanization
d. overpopulation
e. deforestation
pollution
275
Within his “Paintings of Garbage” series, Vik Muniz put a new spin on
a. Girl with a Pearl Earring
b. The Night Watch
c. Mona Lisa
d. The Starry Night
e. The Birth of Venus
Mona Lisa
276
How does documentary photography MOST influence environmentalist art?
recording the environmental damages of pollution and extraction
277
Before the modern period, artists MOST often created landscape paintings to
convey political messages
278
How did Kent Monkman incorporate external influences into Fourth World?
appropriating art created by Western artists
279
Which element of Fourth World did the artist Richard Serra inspire?
the walls through which the bison run
280
Which artwork did Bonnie Devine create to criticize colonial land occupation in North America?
Reclamation Project
281
How did Stories from the Shield reflect Devine’s indigenous heritage?
She used traditional practices such as weaving.
282
Wilson’s “Survey” is a series of
photographs
283
How does Wilson’s art MOST challenge harmful beliefs?
humanizing groups of people who have historically been stereotyped
