Music Section 1 Flashcards
1
Q
Musicians in the US typically tune to
A
440 Hz
2
Q
According to the Sachs-Hornbostel classification system, the trumptet is an
A
aerophone
3
Q
On what topic is an ethnomusicologist MOST likely to write?
A
A comparison between Indian and European musical styles
4
Q
Which instruments are members of the brass family?
A
Bugle, Baritone, Tuba
5
Q
Timpani belong to the same instrument family as the
A
snare drum
6
Q
A song in the “musique concrete” style will MOST likely include
A
tape recordings
7
Q
What is the frequency of A2 on the piano?
A
110 Hz
8
Q
On a piano, a whole step is the distance between
A
every other key
9
Q
assume an alto clef. Which pitch does the center line represent?
A
D
10
Q
Which line represents the G pitch in an alto clef?
A
second line from the bottom
11
Q
“Clef” comes from the French word for?
A
Key
12
Q
Which term describes the lowest pitch of an overtone series?
A
Fundamental
13
Q
The white keys on a piano are usually called?
A
Natural keys
14
Q
How does a musician play a theremin?
A
disturbing an electrical field
15
Q
Which of the following instruments is NOT an idiophone?
Maracas, Xylophone, Tambourine, The Cowbell, and Wood block, Triangle
A
Maracas are classified as shaken instruments (classified as membranophones or more generally as rattles), where sound is produced by the rattling of objects inside a hollow container.
16
Q
What is the dominant tuning system in Western music?
A
equal temperament
17
Q
Which scale includes all pitches in an octave sorted in ascending order?
A
Chromatic
18
Q
What is the relationship between A-sharp and B-flat?
A
Enharmonic
19
Q
Which of the following intervals is a perfect fifth?
C to G
B to F
D to A
F to B
C to E
A
C to G and D to A
20
Q
Which scale degree is known as the leading tone?
A
7
21
Q
Which of the following intervals is the largest?
A
TT (Tritone interval consists of 6 half steps - the perfect fourth interval P4 only has 5 half steps)
22
Q
How many half steps does an M6 interval contain?
A
9
23
Q
Which term describes the fifth scale degree of a major scale?
A
dominant
24
Q
How is a melodic interval structured?
A
One pitch occurs before another
25
Assume a major scale. What is the interval pattern between scale degrees 1-4?
M2-M2-m2
26
What is the second pitch in an A major scale?
B
27
Which of the following statements MUST be true if a scale is major?
^7-^8 is a half-step interval
28
Which scale is MOST common in Western music?
C major
29
Which of the following intervals is the Smallest?
G-flat to B-flat
30
How many half steps does an aug4 interval contain?
6
31
All minor scales will include
lowered third scale degree
32
What is a key difference between the natural minor and major scales?
The natural minor scale does not include a leading tone
33
Which keys are relative to each other?
C minor and E-flat major
34
Two keys are parallel if they
begin on the same tonic pitch
35
Which scale degrees can be lowered in a blues scale?
3
36
A scale with blues inflection will combine elements from
major and minor scales
37
If a composer wants to transpose a melody, they will
change the key
38
A true statement regarding contour
"The melody moves pretty smoothly"
39
Disjunct melodies will usually include intervals larger than a(n)
major second
40
Which vocal part performs MOST comfortably at a high range?
Soprano
41
The term tessitura is MOST often applied to
Vocal music
42
What part has the Lowest range (soprano, alto, tenor, bass, countertenor)?
Bass
43
A natural minor scale will include a half step between scale degrees
5 and 6
44
What interval is a half step in a harmonic minor scale?
^6-^7 ; ^5-^6 ; ^1-^2 ; ^3-^4 ; ^7-^1
^7-^1 - harmonic minor scale will include a half step interval between 7-1 but not between 1-7
45
If a musician says that a song is "in the key of E" , they mean
the tonic pitch is E
46
What scale degree helps determine if a scale is major or minor? (5, 4, 3, 2, 1)
3
47
How many key signatures are possible in common practice tonality?
15
48
How many key signatures are possible in common practice tonality?
2 sharps
49
What is the relative minor key of G-flat major?
E-flat minor
50
Assume a key signature has two sharps. What is the resulting major key if two sharps are added to it?
E major
51
What is the relative major key of C minor?
E-flat major
52
Assume an E-flat major key signature. What is the resulting key signature if one flat is added to it?
A-flat major
53
Major scale patterns are based on
whole and half steps
54
Which pitch or pitches are raised in a G major scale?
a) F, C b) F, C, G, D, A
c) F, C, G d) F
e) F, C, G, D
F
55
An A-flat major key signature includes
Four flats
56
What pitch or pitches are lowered in a D-flat major scale?
B, E, A, D, G
57
What key is the relative minor of C major?
A minor
58
How many major and minor scales exist in common practice tonality?
30
59
What keys have the same key signature?
a) C major; G-sharp minor
b) A major; A-flat minor
c) B major; G-sharp minor
d) E-flat major; E-flat minor
e) D-flat major; A minor
c) B major; G-sharp minor
60
The dominant seventh chord includes a fourth pitch to
intesify its pull to the tonic
61
What is the composition of the dominant seventh chord?
5-7-2-4
62
What interval is between the second note from the bottom and the top note of the dominant seventh chord?
tritone
63
How can a composer increase the complexity of a work's harmony?
modulating the key
64
Who stated that music needed to "free" dissonance?
Arnold Schoenberg
65
What composer specialized in twelve-tone techniques?
Anton Webern
66
If a composer uses a non-functional harmony, the the song will specifically NOT
resolve chromatic chords
67
What technique produces polytonality?
Two different keys are performed simultaneously
68
Which of the following scales is unusual?
a) octatonic
b) melodic minor
c) major
d) harmonic minor
e) natural minor
Octatonic
69
What musical technique did Claude Debussy use extensively?
non-functional harmonies
70
Luigi Russolo was BEST known for
developing a categorization scheme for "noises
71
When was the twelve-tone method first developed?
1920s
72
How many pitches does a tone row hold?
12
73
Serial techniques increased in popularity after?
World War II
74
What is the interval between the top note and the second pitch from the top pitch in a dominant seventh chord?
m3
75
The process of arrangement will result in
individual instrumental parts
76
How many types of textures exist in Western music?
Four
77
Monophony will NOT include
harmony
78
What is a good example that demonstrates unison?
Multiple instruments playing the same melody at the same time
79
What musical style is MOST likely to employ heterophony?
Jazz
80
What instrument plays the accompaniment in "the Liberty Song"?
harpsichord
81
Assume a song has a single melody and instruments play the melody at staggered intervals. The texture will be
Imitative polyphony
82
An instrument's timbre is also known as its
Tone color
83
How does a mute affect an instrument's sound?
softening its volume
84
What musical term is an ornament?
a) coda b) trill
c) cadence d) da capo
e)bel canto
Trill
85
How is a decrescendo annotated in music notation?
a V rotated 90 degrees counterclockwise
86
What articulation results in smooth connections between notes?
legato
87
Which instrument can perform pizzicatos?
a) trumpet b) timpani
c) violin d) snare drum
e) wood block
Violin
88
The term piano means
quietly
89
A diminuendo means a musician should
decrease the dynamic level
90
Compared to the original melody, a sequence will
change the pitch level
91
What diagram depicts a strophic song?
AAAA
92
What term refers to the mark used to denote a variation
Prime
93
What key is a traditional favorite of the twelve-bar blues
B-flat major
94
The FIRST measure in the twelve-bar blues uses
I
95
An AABA diagram depicts
32-bar form
96
What diagram BEST depicts rondo form?
ABACA
97
What is the SIMPLEST form using contrast
ternary form
98
The LAST movement in a multi-movement word will use
sonata form
99
What diagram shows "song form"
AABA
100
Ternary form is also known a
ABA form
101
Before 1950, improvisation based on repetition was most common in
Soul music
102
The fifth measure of the twelve-bar blues will use the
dominant chord
103
What measure in the twelve-bar blues introduces the dominant seventh chord?
9
104
The LAST measure in the twelve-bar blues rests on the
tonic chord
105
Regular singing refers to
musical literacy
106
What fact BEST supports the idea that musical literacy in the American colonies decreased in the seventeenth century?
Psalmody used a small number of meters
107
A precentor MOST likely possesses a
strong voice
108
Humans can hear frequencies between
20 and 20,000 Hz
109
How does a musician produce sound on an idiophone
striking its body
110
Which instrument is a member of the woodwind family?
a) piano b) organ
c) trumpet d) viola
e) oboe
Oboe
111
What is the SMALLEST interval in Western music
half step
112
Assume a song uses a tenor clef. What pitch does the bottom line of the staff represent?
A
113
What characteristic applies to major scales
The seventh scale degree is called the leading tone
114
What interval is a half step in a melodic minor scale?
^7-^1
115
Which interval is the LARGEST?
a) B to G
b) D to B
c) C to G-flat
d) E-flat to G
e) B to F
D to B
116
Assume an E major scale. What is the second scale degree?
F-sharp
117
What is the range of a viola?
C3 to E6
118
If a composer wants to write a song with a slow tempo, they would MOST likely use
Lento
119
An anacrusis would MOST likely occur
before the downbeat
120
If a song is written in 4-4 time, which selection is equal to two measures?
sixteen eighth notes
121
"Cut-time" is indicated by the time signature
2-2
122
What does a "6" by a chord indicate?
It is in first inversion
123
What is the relative minor scale of B-flat major?
G minor
124
Assume a major key signature has four sharps. What is the resulting key signature?
E major
125
What key signature represents E-flat minor?
6 flats
126
Assume a D major scale. What is the ii triad?
E, G, B
127
What triad is known as the MOST stable chord in a key?
tonic
128
What is the MOST natural-sounding chord progressions within a key?
a chain of descending fifths
129
Assume a dominant seventh chord. What is the interval between the root and third?
M3
130
Modal mixture will usually occur between
parallel keys
131
What composer favored the use of non-functional harmonies?
Igor Stravinsky
132
An example that BEST demonstrates homophony?
A song with a melody and harmony
133
How is a staccato marked?
dot under a pitch
134
Articulation is the way a musician can?
start a pitch
135
A musician who sees the indication diminuendo should
decrease the dynamic level
136
The full name of the piano refers to its ability to
play soft and loud volumes
137
A motive is BEST defined as
Identifiable musical idea
138
Which dynamic marking is the SOFTEST?
a) ppp b) mf
c) mp d) p
e) pp
ppp
139
How can a composer create a sequence?
By changing the pitch level of a melody
140
How is a slur tongued on a wind instrument?
tah-ah tot
141
What form is known as "song form"?
32-bar form
142
How does the development portion of a song using sonata form end?
half cadence on the dominant chord
143
Assume a song is diagrammed as ABA. This song uses
ternary form
144
What diagram BEST indicates theme and variations?
A A' A"
145
What tempo indicator would MOST likely accompany a song using the twelve-bar blues?
Moderato
146
The first measure of the twelve-bar blues uses the
tonic harmony
147
What is the frequency of A4 on a piano?
440 Hz
148
The celesta belongs to the same instrument family as the
harpsichord
149
Curt Sachs and Erich von Hornbostel developed a scheme to
Categorize instruments based on how they produce sound
150
What instrument requires electricity to operate?
Theremin
151
Where did musique concrete FIRST develop?
Paris
152
How many lines are on a single staff?
5
153
What interval is a major third?
a) E to F-sharp
b) C to F
c) E-flat to G
d) E-flat to D-flat
e) C to C
E-flat to G
154
Which interval is included in ALL minor scales between scale degrees one and three?
minor third
155
What pitch can be lowered in a blues scale?
7
156
Assume a musician sees the subito ritardando instruction. They should
suddenly decrease the tempo
157
A pure sine wave occurs at
440 Hz, it sounds like an "A" pitch above middle C on the piano
158
Musicians in the United States tune to what pitch?
A pitch, also known as A-440
159
Who developed an instrument classification system based on the way they produce sound?
Curt Sachs and Erich von Hornbostel
160
What instrument is an aerophone
baritone
161
What is an aerophone?
an instrument that produces sound by having air blowing into the instrument
162
To what family does the flute belong?
woodwind
163
Composing a piece in the style of musique concrète involves
generating electronic sounds
164
Which instrument is NOT considered a chordophone?
a. guitar
b. cello
c. lute
d. viola
e. bass drum
bass drum
Info: it does not produce sound through vibrating strings, a bass drum is a membranophone
165
Which property refers to the highness or lowness of a sound?
pitch
166
If a song is written using treble clef, then the second line from the bottom of the staff represents
G
167
What clef is known as the “F-clef”?
bass clef
Info: the F pitch is the fourth line from the bottom of the staff
168
A sharp next to a note will
raise it by a half step
169
The highest notes above the fundamental are called
partials, or overtones
170
How many pitches are in a chromatic scale?
12
171
The distance between any two consecutive pitches of a chromatic scale is a(n)
semitone or half-step
172
The seventh scale degree of a major scale is known as the
leading tone
173
How many half steps comprise a perfect fourth interval?
5 half steps
174
Which interval is the SMALLEST?
a. major sixth
b. octave
c. minor sixth
d. perfect fifth
e. tritone
tritone
Info: tritone interval consists of 6 half steps while the perfect fifth interval consists of 7 half steps
175
What are the FIRST three intervals of a major scale?
M2-M2-m2
176
The tonic pitch of an A major scale is
A
Info: The tonic pitch is scale degree 1. The scale is named after the tonic pitch.
177
Which interval is a minor third?
a. E to G-sharp
b. A-flat to B-flat
c. A to C
d. C to E-flat
e. B to F-sharp
C to E-flat
Info: it comprises 3 half steps
178
Enharmonic pitches refer to notes that are
sounded by the same piano key
Examples are E-flat and D-sharp
179
What term refers to an interval that sounds its pitches in succession?
melodic
180
What role does a dominant pitch play in a major scale?
It serves as a second gravitational center by pulling pitches away from the tonic pitch
181
Which interval MUST be a half step if a scale is major?
a. ^1-^2
b. ^2-^3
c. ^5-^6
d. ^7-^8
e. ^6-7
^7-^8
182
How is a diminished interval created?
reducing the size of a minor interval
Info: E to G-flat is an example of a diminished interval.
183
The C to F-sharp interval is a(n)
augmented fourth and consists of 6 half steps
184
Which characteristic is common to ALL minor scales?
a. lowered fifth scale degree
b. lowered fourth scale degree
c. raised fourth scale degree
d. lowered third scale degree
e. raised fifth scale degree
lowered third scale degree, which creates a minor third interval between scale degrees 1 and 3
185
What scale degree is raised in a harmonic minor scale?
7 / seventh scale degree
186
What effect combines elements of major and minor scales?
blues inflections
Info: blues scales can lower scale degrees 3 and 7
187
Transposing a melody will
change the key
188
What is the range of the viola?
C3 to E6
189
Conjunct melodies will PRIMARILY feature
whole steps
Info: Conjunct melodies are smooth and feature whole step and half step intervals while disjunct melodies will have large interval leaps.
190
Which phrase BEST describes a contour?
a. “The melody is performed by a clarinet.”
b. “The melody is rising.”
c. “The song is fast.”
d. “Each measure has four beats.”
e. “The highest note is held for a long time.”
The melody is rising
191
A female singer with a high tessitura is a(n)
soprano
192
A female singer with a low tessitura is a(n)
alto
193
If a scale has an augmented second interval between scale degrees 6 and 7, then it is a
harmonic minor scale
194
Compared to a major scale, a natural minor scale will NOT have a(n)
upward pull to the tonic
195
What scale degree is lowered in a blues scale?
3
196
When does counterpoint occur?
sounding two pitches simultaneously
197
What instrument has a range of C2 to A5?
cello
198
Which characteristic is specific to relative major and minor scales?
a. They use the same clef.
b. They have the same dominant pitch.
c. They use the same pitches.
d. They are performed at the same tempo.
e. They have the same number of sharps and flats.
They use the same pitches.
199
What term describes a major and minor scale pair that begins and ends on the same tonic pitch?
parallel, also known as scale degree 1
200
What is the approximate speed of the Adagio tempo indicator?
72 beats per minute
201
The instruction accelerando poco a poco means a musician should
gradually increase the tempo
202
What is the term for the FIRST beat in a measure?
downbeat, which is usually the strongest beat in a measure
203
What tempo indicator is the fastest?
Presto, has a speed of 200 beats per minute
204
Which of the following statements would refer to a song’s meter?
a. “That sounded like a quarter note.”
b. “It is a fast song.”
c. “There are three tempi in the piece.”
d. “Each bar has two beats.”
e. “The beat feels strong.”
“Each bar has two beats.”
205
The pulse of Hermit Thrush at Morn is like a(n)
waltz
206
A note occurring before the FIRST beat of a measure is known as a(n)
anacrusis, or the pickup note
207
The LONGEST note used in music is the
whole notwe
208
Adding a dot to a note will
increase its duration by half the original value
209
“Common time” refers to the time signature
4-4
210
What term indicates the 2-2 time signature?
alla breve or cut-time, notated as a V with a vertical slash
211
What selection is equal to one measure in 6-8 time?
twelve sixteenth notes
212
What is the duration of two tied eighth notes in a measure of 3-4 time?
one beat
213
What tempo marking means “at a walking tempo”?
Andante, a speed of 84 beats per minute
214
A musician uses rubato to
create an expressive effect
Info: rubato happens when the tempo is changed
215
A swing rhythm is performed as if it were written in what time?
12-8 time
216
Compound meter divides the beat into
three parts
Info: This meter type is indicated when there is an “eight” in the bottom position of a time signature.
217
Which example BEST demonstrates polymeter?
a. A song includes a repeating rhythmic structure.
b. A song lacks a defined meter.
c. A song features three different meters in rapid succession.
d. A song maintains a steady tempo.
e. A song has two meters occurring simultaneously.
A song has two meters occurring simultaneously.
218
The system of organizing pitch in Western music is known as
common-practice tonality
219
What term describes a collection of varying durations?
rhythm
220
How can a composer BEST create a syncopated rhythm?
emphasizing a weak beat
221
What are the intervals of a major triad?
M3-m3
222
What is the LOWEST note of a chord called?
root
223
What is the TOP note of a chord called?
the fifth
224
How is first inversion indicated in music notation?
a “six” following the chord symbol
225
What term describes a chord with two major triads?
augmented
226
What term describes a chord with two minor triads?
diminished
227
Which grouping of beats is an example of irregular meter?
a. ONE-two-three-ONE-two-three
b. ONE-two-THREE-four
c. ONE-ONE-ONE-ONE
d. ONE-two-ONE-two-three
e. ONE-two-ONE-two
ONE-two-ONE-two-three
Info irregular meter will have variations on the groupings of beats
228
A chord MUST contain at least how many notes
three notes
229
When does second inversion occur?
placing the fifth in the bottom position
230
Around what year was the primary system of organizing pitch in Western music codified?
1750
231
What term refers to two conflicting rhythmic patterns performed simultaneously?
cross-rhythm, also known as polyrhythm
232
What scale degree MOST determines if a key is major or minor?
scale degree 3
233
The D major key signature features how many sharps?
2 sharps, which are F and C
234
What are the FIRST three sharps included as part of any key signature?
F,C,G
235
The relative minor scale of E-flat major is
C minor
236
What key is indicated by four flats in the key signature?
A-flat major
Info: B, E, A, D
237
The relative major of F-sharp minor is
A major
238
What does a key signature convey?
which notes are raised or lowered
239
How many key signatures exist in common-practice tonality?
15 key signatures
240
What notes are impacted in a B-flat major key signature?
B,E
241
How many half steps are in a perfect fifth interval?
seven
242
If a key signature includes 3 flats, then it is
E-flat major
243
What minor key signature is blank?
A minor, as it does not contain any sharps or flats
244
What key is indicated by 6 sharps?
F-sharp minor
Info: it lowers the pitches F, C, G, D, A, and E
245
The enharmonic equivalent of D-flat is
C-sharp
246
Adding two flats to a G minor key signature results in
F minor
Info: The G minor key signature has two flats.
247
To a listener, a dissonant harmony will sound
unstable
248
Which action will make a major triad sound the MOST consonant?
a. double the root
b. increase the intervals between the notes
c. omit the fifth
d. double the third
e. add a counter-melody
double the root
249
Musical tension occurs as the listener waits to
hear the resolution of a tense interval
250
The term diatonic means
“within the key”
251
On what scale degree is the tonic triad built?
^1 or scale degree 1, it is the most stable chord in a key
252
What scale degree is the root of a minor triad?
2, 3, or 6
253
What term describes a pitch outside of an established key?
chromatic
254
The ii chord is called the
supertonic
255
The MOST common chord progression is
ii-V-I
256
Voice leading will produce a
conjunct melody, which is smooth and relatively easy to sing
257
The MOST “final” sounding bass line descends a(n)
fifth
258
What chord is known as the pre-dominant?
IV
Info: The IV chord is called pre-dominant and built on scale degree 4. It is a diatonic major triad.
259
What note will a bass line MOST often play?
root of a chord, which is the lowest note
260
What is the quality of the diatonic triad built on scale degree 7?
diminished
261
What is the dominant chord of a C major scale?
G-B-D
Info: this is a major triad
262
The dominant seventh chord comprises scale degrees
5-7-2-4
263
What note is commonly added to embellish triads?
a sixth, seventh, and/or a ninth above the root
264
What is the interval between the top note and the second note from the top of a dominant seventh chord?
tritone
265
What term refers to the modification of pitches in a basic triad?
modal mixture
Info: This occurs between a major key and its parallel minor key
266
How can a composer BEST increase the harmonic complexity of a composition?
Modulate or changing the key throughout the song
267
Alban Berg was BEST known for using
serial techniques
268
Luigi Russolo created a categorization based on
noises
269
What scale is considered unusual?
whole-tone, octatonic, and pentatonic
Info: Unusual scales fall outside of the major and minor pattern
270
The tone row of the twelve-tone method contains only
chromatic pitches
271
What characteristic MOST applies to non-functional harmonies?
They lack resolution
272
Which example BEST demonstrates polytonality?
a. A composition cycles between two different keys.
b. A composition lacks an established key.
c. A composition features a single key.
d. A composition includes two different keys performed simultaneously.
e. A composition permits the use of improvisational keys.
A composition includes two different keys performed simultaneously.
273
What note would a composer MOST likely add to embellish a C major chord?
B, A, and D
274
In music notation, a double bar is used to
indicate a new signature, which modulates the key
275
Who was known for using non-functional harmonies?
Igor Stravinsky and Claude Debussy
276
Instruments playing in unison will produce a texture called
monophony
Info: Monophony is a musical texture featuring a single melodic line
277
A polyphonic composition will MOST likely include
two melodies performed simultaneously
278
The process of arrangement will result in
individual instrument parts
279
What musical texture was common in the EARLIEST styles of jazz?
heterophony
280
How does adding a mute impact an instrument?
It changes the tone color.
Info: Adding a mute to an instrument will lower its dynamics and change the tone color
281
What is another word for tone color?
timbre
282
The full name of the piano refers to its ability to
play at varying volumes, both softly and loudly
283
A gradual increase in dynamics is called a(n)
crescendo
284
What instrument can perform a pizzicato?
viola
285
Adding a staccato to a note will
reduce its duration
286
Adding a legato to a note will
increase its duration
287
What musical device is an example of an ornament?
trill, which rapidly oscillates between two ptiches
288
An elongated “V” rotated ninety degrees counterclockwise means a musician should
lower the volume
289
An elongated “V” rotated ninety degrees clockwise means a musician should
increase the volume
290
What is the musical texture of Hermit Thrush at Morn?
homophony, as it includes a melody alongside an accompanying line.
291
Which statement BEST captures the difference between counterpoint and imitative polyphony?
a. Counterpoint involves improvisation while imitative polyphony is strictly composed.
b. Counterpoint features multiple melodies while imitative polyphony includes a single melody.
c. Counterpoint is used in jazz music while imitative polyphony is used in orchestral music.
d. Counterpoint requires multiple instruments while imitative polyphony can be performed on a single instrument.
e. Counterpoint is a modern technique while imitative polyphony is a classical technique.
Counterpoint features multiple melodies while imitative polyphony includes a single melody
292
What term means “soft” in music?
piano
293
A visual representation of musical form is called a(n)
diagram
294
How can a composer BEST create musical tension?
increasing rhythmic activity
295
What characteristic applies to an ostinato?
It is repeated in immediate succession
296
What is the SMALLEST unit of musical form?
motive
297
On what harmony does a half cadence rest?
dominant
298
An authentic cadence uses the progression
V-I, a dominant-tonic harmonic progression
299
In music, the term “cadence” indicates a(n)
resting point
300
What dynamic is the LOUDEST?
ff - fortissimo
301
The term mezzopiano means
somewhat quietly
302
The coda in “Mercy Mercy Me (The Ecology)” includes a solo
saxophone and a soprano voice
303
What aspect of musical form does analysis disregard?
introduction and the coda
304
To a listener, a coda will MOST likely sound
conclusive
305
What term refers to the first member of a phrase pair?
antecedent
306
What term refers to the second member of a phrase pair?
consequent
307
For a composer, dissonance is the PRIMARY way to
create musical tension
308
What composition from this year's selected works includes a motif resembling a burro’s clip-clopping hooves?
"On the Trail"
309
Repeating a musical idea at a different pitch level produces a(n)
sequence
Ex: it occurs in "Despite Repeated Warnings"
310
What form is represented in a song diagrammed as A A?
strophic
311
What composition uses strophic form?
"Mercy Mercy Me (The Ecology)", diagrammed as A A A A
312
The “prime” mark represents a(n)
variation on a theme
313
What key is a traditional favorite of the twelve-bar blues?
B-flat, C, and F major
314
What articulation connects notes?
slurs, tongued as tah-tah-tah on a wind instrument
315
What chord is performed during the FIRST four measures of the twelve-bar blues?
tonic
316
How is rondo form diagrammed?
ABACA
317
ABA form is also known as
ternary form
318
popular song composed in the mid-twentieth century would MOST likely use what form?
32-bar form or song form
319
Which song uses verse-chorus form?
a. “Feels Like Summer”
b. Grand Canyon Suite
c. Sumer is icumen in
d. “Big Yellow Taxi”
e. “Gewitter Sturm: Allegro”
"Big Yellow Taxi"
320
What musical genre prominently features improvisation in styles before 1950?
gospel, jazz, soul music
321
What articulation marking is indicated by a “V” turned 90 degrees counterclockwise?
marcato
322
What form is the SIMPLEST one to use contrast?
ternary, also known as ABA form
323
What technique will a composer PRIMARILY use to develop a fugue subject?
imitative counterpoint
Info: Composers using fugal technique will develop a fugue subject with imitative counterpoint. This device produces a polyphonic texture
324
The exposition section of a sonata will modulate to the
dominant key
325
The transition of a sonata will MOST likely include
increased rhythmic activity
326
Beginning in 1730, the FIRST movement of many Western classical pieces opened with
sonata form and included two principal melodic ideas
327
The development portion of a sonata ends on a(n)
half cadence on the dominant chord of the original key
328
The approximate repetition of a melodic idea is a(n)
imitation
329
What tempo pattern do three-movement sonata cycles follow?
fast-slow-fast
330
The second movement of a three-movement sonata cycle will use
ABA form
331
What is the estimated interval of variance between the current pitch for concert A and the pitch used in the 1870s?
minor third
332
Which composition title MOST would MOST likely use a four-movement sonata cycle form, if written in 1840?
a. “Dances”
b. “Aria”
c. “Symphony”
d. “Variations”
e. “Expositions”
"Symphony"
333
Research examining how music sounded when it was FIRST composed is called
performance practice
334
Which part of the sonata was performed twice during the Classical period?
development and recapitulation
335
How is the second line of music in a fugue typically different from the first line?
It is a fourth lower or a fifth higher from the first melodic line
336
The third movement of a four-movement sonata cycle written in the 1800s will typically include a(n)
minuet and trio
337
What musical texture occurs if a composer uses fugal technique?
polyphony
338
The meter of a song will establish a
pattern of strong and weak beats
339
If a song only uses pitches established in its key signature, then it is
diatonic
340
A composer who wishes to create a chromatic pitch will
add a sharp
341
The basic definition of music is
sound organized in time
342
How many major and minor scales exist?
30
343
Which of the following selections is an element of form?
a. melody
b. motive
c. introduction
d. twelve-bar blues
e. rhythm
motive
344
A composer is MOST likely to conclude a song with a(n)
coda
345
An octave is divided into intervals called
half steps
346
Western music relies on the need to
resolve the tonic
