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Epidemiology Final > Arteri, Corona, Paramyxo > Flashcards

Arteri, Corona, Paramyxo Flashcards

1
Q

Arterivirus, the virulence is highly variable

A

True

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2
Q

The equine viral arteritis is caused by an arterivirus

A

True

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3
Q

Serological tests can NOT be used for laboratory detection of equine viral arteritis

A

False

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4
Q

Red blood cells can be used for laboratory detection of equine viral arteritis virus

A

False

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5
Q

Nasal fluid can be used for laboratory detection of equine viral arteritis virus

A

True

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6
Q

A semen sample can be used for laboratory detection of equine viral arteritis virus

A

True

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7
Q

Equine arteritis virus is very resistant to physical damages

A

False

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8
Q

Equine viral arteritis is usually asymptomatic

A

True

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9
Q

In cases of equine viral arteritis, the rate of seroconverted animals increases with age

A

False?

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10
Q

The main target cells of equine viral arteritis are macrophages

A

True

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11
Q

Equine Viral arteritis (EVA) virus can affect donkeys

A

True

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12
Q

The persistence of EVA virus within one herd is usually caused by the stallions

A

True

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13
Q

EVA is transmitted by sexual and aerogenic pathways

A

True

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14
Q

After EVA virus infection, mortality rate is low

A

True

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15
Q

Equine arteritis virus is very resistant to physical damage

A

False

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16
Q

Equine viral arteritis is usually asymptomatic

A

True

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17
Q

The main target cells of equine viral arteritis virus are macrophages

A

True

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18
Q

EVA can affect donkeys

A

True

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19
Q

EVA can cause persistent virus carrying

A

True

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20
Q

EVA is transmitted sexual and aerogenic

A

True

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21
Q

After EVA infection mortality rate is low

A

True

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22
Q

Equine Viral Arteritis virus can infect by inhalation

A

True

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23
Q

Vaccine against Equine Viral Arteritis is never used in Europe

A

False

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24
Q

The Equine Viral Arteritis is caused by retrovirus

A

False

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25
Q

The equine viral arteritis virus cannot damage the wall of blood vessels

A

False

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26
Q

The equine viral arteritis virus usually causes asymptomatic infection ´

A

True

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27
Q

The equine viral arteritis virus rarely causes asymptomatic infection

A

False

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28
Q

The equine viral arteritis virus can cause persistent infections

A

True

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29
Q

The equine viral arteritis virus always causes clinical symptoms

A

False

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30
Q

EVA is spread by insect vectors

A

False

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31
Q

Long term carrier of EVA

A

True

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32
Q

Equine viral arteritis causes reproductive problems/impotence in stallions

A

True

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33
Q

Acute equine viral arteritis is similar to Equine infectious anaemia

A

True

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34
Q

Equine viral arteritis in mare is reactivated in pregnancy

A

False

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35
Q

Equine viral arteritis, aborted embryos have degenerated liver

A

False

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36
Q

Mares are frequently life-long carriers of the Equine arteritis virus

A

False

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37
Q

Subcutaneous oedema is a frequent sign of equine viral arteritis

A

True

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38
Q

Pregnant mares usually abort in the acute phase of equine viral arteritis

A

True

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39
Q

Equine viral arteritis is diagnosed by agarose-gel immunodiffusion (Coggins test)

A

False

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40
Q

The Equine arteritis virus may cause abortion in pregnant mares

A

True

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41
Q

Vaccination of colts before puberty can prevent the development of EAV-carrier status

A

True

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42
Q

Stallions may be long-term carriers of the Equine arteritis virus

A

True

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43
Q

Conjunctivitis and subcutaneous oedema are possible signs of equine viral arteritis

A

True

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44
Q

Equine viral arteritis virus can infect through nasal route

A

True

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45
Q

Equine viral arteritis virus can infect per os

A

True

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46
Q

Equine viral arteritis virus can infect through venereal way

A

True

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47
Q

Equine viral arteritis virus can infect only by arthropods

A

False

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48
Q

Equine arteritis virus is a uniform virus without serotypes, subtypes etc

A

True

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49
Q

Aerogenic infection can happen in the case of equine arteritis virus

A

True

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50
Q

Equine arteritis virus is shed in the semen

A

True

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51
Q

Equine arteritis virus can cause abortion

A

True

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52
Q

Equine arteritis virus is very resistant to physical damages

A

False

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53
Q

In case of equine viral arteritis, the rate of seroconverted animals increases with age

A

True

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54
Q

Lameness due to inflammatory joints is the most typical sign of Equine infectious arteritis

A

False

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55
Q

Equine infectious arteritis is a notifiable disease; therefore vaccinations are forbidden

A

False

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56
Q

The persistence of equine viral arteritis virus within one herd is usually caused by the stallions

A

True

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57
Q

Equine viral arteritis is transmitted by a sexual and aerogenic pathways

A

True

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58
Q

After equine viral arteritis virus infection, mortality rate is low

A

True

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59
Q

Equine infectious arteritis is a notifiable disease

A

True

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60
Q

The main target of Equine viral arteritis virus is macrophages

A

True

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61
Q

Equine infectious arteritis is stenoxen viruses

A

True

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62
Q

Equine viral arteritis can be controlled in part by removing long-term carriers

A

True

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63
Q

Equine viral arteritis can affect donkeys

A

True

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64
Q

PRRS is caused by an arterivirus

A

True

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65
Q

PRRS is caused by a coronavirus

A

False

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66
Q

The clinical signs of PRRS can be abortion like that of SMEDI

A

True

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67
Q

Isolation of PRRS in cell culture can be easily performed in any laboratory

A

False

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68
Q

PRRS has only highly pathogenic variants

A

False

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69
Q

Respiratory signs of PRRS occur just in sows

A

False

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70
Q

PRRS virus replicates in macrophages

A

True

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71
Q

PRRS virus replicates in T-lymphocytes

A

False

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72
Q

The pathological signs of PRRS is typical because the lymph nodes are never enlarged

A

False

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73
Q

PRRS virus affects the respiratory system in young piglets

A

True

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74
Q

PRRS cause digestive sign in adult

A

False

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75
Q

PRRS has 2 phases

A

True

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76
Q

PRRS cause respiratory sign in adult

A

False

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77
Q

Target cells of PRRSV are alveolar epithelial cells

A

False

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78
Q

PRRS can only be isolated in porcine kidney cells

A

False

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79
Q

PRRS causes immune suppression in prolonged cases

A

False

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80
Q

Attenuated and inactivated vaccines are available against PRRS

A

True

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81
Q

PRRS virus causes severe intestinal problems in adult pigs

A

False

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82
Q

PRRS is characterized by respiratory disease in adult pigs

A

False

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83
Q

PRRS infection has 2 clinical phases

A

True

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84
Q

PRRSV attacks the active macrophages

A

True

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85
Q

For PRRS prevention we can get a very good immunization with inactivated vaccines

A

False

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86
Q

PRRS: reproductive and respiratory problems and others with other virulence

A

True

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87
Q

Maternal immunity protects only short time against PRRS

A

True

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88
Q

Porcine reproductive and respiratory virus (PRRSV) can cause abortion only in the advanced stage of pregnancy (over 90 days)

A

False

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89
Q

Only inactivated vaccines can be used for the prevention against PRRSV

A

False

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90
Q

Porcine reproductive and respiratory virus (PRRSV) propagates in lymphatic cells

A

True

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91
Q

PRRSV infection may influence the reproductive performance of boars

A

True

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92
Q

Porcine reproductive and respiratory virus (PRRSV) is a zoonotic agent

A

False

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93
Q

Porcine parvoviruses and PRRSV may cause similar disease in sows

A

True

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94
Q

Porcine reproductive and respiratory vines (PRRSV) does not cause clinical signs in boars

A

False

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95
Q

Inactivated vaccines alone cannot induce protective immunity against PRRSV

A

True

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96
Q

Boars can transmit porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in the semen

A

True

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97
Q

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus cannot cause abortion, only infertility of the sows

A

False

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98
Q

There are no vaccines for the prevention of Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome

A

False

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99
Q

The blue ear disease is caused by dog coronavirus

A

False

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100
Q

The blue ear disease is caused by FIP

A

False

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101
Q

The blue ear disease is caused by chicken coronavirus

A

False

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102
Q

The blue ear disease is caused by PRRS

A

True

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103
Q

Does PRRS virus have 3 genotypes

A

False

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104
Q

Oedema can be a sign of PRRS

A

True

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105
Q

PRRS is deadly in adult animals

A

False

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106
Q

Target cells of PRRSV are alveolar epithelial cells

A

False

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107
Q

PRRS virus can only be isolated in porcine kidney cell culture

A

False

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108
Q

The Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is only present in North-America

A

False

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109
Q

The PRRS virus may cause reproductive problems in boars

A

True

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110
Q

PRRS: cyanosis is one clinical symptom

A

True

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111
Q

Human coronavirus was not known before 2020

A

False

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112
Q

Recombination between coronaviruses is frequent

A

True

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113
Q

Recombination between coronaviruses is rare

A

False

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114
Q

Coronaviruses are of two origin: bird or bat

A

True

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115
Q

Human coronaviruses usually cause death

A

False

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116
Q

Coronaviruses are enveloped viruses

A

True

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117
Q

BCoV can cause haemagglutination

A

True

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118
Q

IBV can cause haemagglutination

A

False

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119
Q

PDCoV can cause haemagglutination

A

False

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120
Q

CCoV can cause haemagglutination

A

False

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121
Q

TGEV can cause haemagglutination

A

False

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122
Q

FIPV can cause haemagglutination

A

False

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123
Q

HeCoV can cause haemagglutination

A

True

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124
Q

PEDV can cause haemagglutination

A

False

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125
Q

Coronaviruses can survive for months in the environment

A

False

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126
Q

Coronaviruses frequently mutate and recombine

A

True

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127
Q

Coronaviruses have a weak physical resistance

A

True

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128
Q

In the case of transmissible encephalopathies always degenerative lesions can be seen

A

True

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129
Q

In the case of transmissible encephalopathies meningoencephalitis is a typical postmortem lesion

A

False

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130
Q

Typical sign of TGE is vomiting and diarrhoea

A

True

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131
Q

TGE virus does not reach the mammary gland

A

False

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132
Q

TGE virus can replicate in the lungs

A

True

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133
Q

The colostral immunity against TGE protects the piglets from the disease

A

True

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134
Q

The antibodies against porcine respiratory coronavirus protect the pigs against TGE

A

True

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135
Q

TGE virus does not reach foetuses

A

True

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136
Q

TGE virus does not cause haemagglutination in vitro

A

True

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137
Q

TGE virus can cause haemagglutination in vitro

A

False

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138
Q

TGE can cause 100% mortality in newborn piglets

A

True

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139
Q

TGE virus causes respiratory signs in piglets

A

False

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140
Q

The pathology of TGE is not characteristic

A

True

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141
Q

TGE virus does not cause dehydration

A

False

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142
Q

The pathognomonic sign of TGE is necrosis in the large intestine

A

False

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143
Q

TGE virus can replicate in the intestine

A

True

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144
Q

Porcine transmissible gastroenteritis (TGE) is completely eradicated in Europe

A

False

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145
Q

TGE causes 100% mortality in sows

A

False

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146
Q

The incubation time of TGE is usually 5-7 days

A

False

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147
Q

TGE virus infects the digestive and the respiratory systems

A

True

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148
Q

TGEV is widespread and fully replaced porcine epidemic diarrhoea (PED) virus

A

False

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149
Q

Porcine respiratory coronavirus induces cross-protection against PED

A

False

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150
Q

Today TGE occurs in an enzootic form

A

True

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151
Q

The characteristic symptoms of TGE are vomiting and diarrhoea

A

True

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152
Q

TGE infects only swine

A

False

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153
Q

TGE virus causes high morbidity

A

True

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154
Q

Transmissible gastroenteritis is the more severe in piglets than in adult swine

A

True

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155
Q

The mortality caused by transmissible gastroenteritis of swine is the highest among old sows

A

False

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156
Q

Transmissible gastroenteritis of swine is a widespread disease, causing high losses in Europe

A

False

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157
Q

The lesions of transmissible gastroenteritis of swine are in the gastric mucosa and in the small intestine

A

True

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158
Q

Transmissible gastroenteritis of pigs is more frequent in the tropical countries that the moderate climate

A

False

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159
Q

There is no cross protection between transmissible gastroenteritis vines and the pulmonary coronavirus of pigs

A

False

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160
Q

Transmissible gastroenteritis virus can cause clinical disease only in pigs

A

True

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161
Q

Transmissible gastroenteritis virus spreads rapidly in the herd

A

True

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162
Q

The epizootic TGEV spreads rapidly

A

True

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163
Q

The epizootic TGEV can cause disease mainly in winter

A

True

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164
Q

The epizootic TGEV can be transmitted with milk

A

True

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165
Q

The epizootic TGEV does not cause viraemia

A

False

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166
Q

Transmissible gastroenteritis virus provides cross protection to hemagglutinating coronavirus

A

False

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167
Q

TGE mainly cause croupous pneumonia

A

False

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168
Q

TGE replaces the respiratory corona virus

A

False

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169
Q

TGE appears in Hungary

A

True

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170
Q

TGE causes 100% mortality in susceptible piglets under 1 week of age

A

True

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171
Q

Porcine transmissible gastroenteritis is completely eradicated in Europe

A

False

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172
Q

PED is similar to TGE

A

True

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173
Q

The incubation time of TGE is usually 1-3 days

A

True

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174
Q

TGE virus infects the digestive and the respiratory system

A

True

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175
Q

Only pigs are susceptible to TGE infection

A

False

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176
Q

Maternal immunity is essential against TGE infection of piglets

A

True

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177
Q

Today TGE occurs in epizootic form

A

True

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178
Q

TGE is completely eradicated in Europe

A

False

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179
Q

Transmissible gastroenteritis is usually asymptomatic in adults

A

True

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180
Q

Transmissible gastroenteritis virus can cause clinical signs in dogs

A

False

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181
Q

The Porcine respiratory coronavirus has been evolved from the Transmissible gastroenteritis virus

A

True

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182
Q

Porcine respiratory coronavirus induces cross-protection from transmissible gastroenteritis

A

True

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183
Q

TGE infection is devastating at any age

A

False

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184
Q

The incubation period of TGE can be as short as 8 hours

A

False

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185
Q

Pig has betacoronavirus

A

True

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186
Q

Pigs has only alphacoronavirus

A

False

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187
Q

The porcine coronavirus may be avian virus

A

True

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188
Q

The antibodies against porcine respiratory coronavirus protect the pigs against porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus

A

False

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189
Q

Mutations and recombinations do not occur in swine coronaviruses

A

False

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190
Q

PRCoV usually causes pneumonia

A

False

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191
Q

Porcine respiratory coronavirus causes acute pneumonia in susceptible piglets

A

False

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192
Q

Porcine respiratory coronavirus reduced the prevalence of porcine epidemic diarrhoea

A

False

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193
Q

Porcine respiratory coronavirus induces cross protection from TGE

A

True

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194
Q

Swine pulmonary corona virus has a high mortality by pneumonia

A

False

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195
Q

Porcine respiratory coronavirus is a modification of the Hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus

A

False

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196
Q

PRCoV gives cross protection against TGEV

A

True

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197
Q

PDCoV causes symptoms in pigs

A

True

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198
Q

Porcine respiratory coronavirus causes acute pneumonia in susceptible piglets

A

False

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199
Q

Porcine epidemic diarrhea can cause clinical signs in older animals

A

False(?)

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200
Q

The virus causing porcine epidemic diarrhea can replicate in the colon

A

True

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201
Q

PEDV also occurs in Europe

A

True

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202
Q

The porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus causes disease in calf

A

False

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203
Q

Porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus can cause disease in humans

A

False

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204
Q

The virus causing porcine epidemic diarrhoea can replicate in the heart muscle of the foetus

A

False

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205
Q

Porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus causes more severe symptoms in adult than in young piglets

A

False

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206
Q

Porcine epidemic diarrhoea is present only in Africa and in the Middle East

A

False

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207
Q

Porcine epidemic diarrhoea usually resembles TGE

A

True

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208
Q

Porcine epidemic diarrhoea can be transmitted by infected dogs and cats

A

False

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209
Q

Porcine epidemic diarrhoea frequently occurs in Europe

A

False

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210
Q

PHEV gets to central nervous system via the peripheral nerves

A

True

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211
Q

PHEV causes diarrhoea

A

False

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212
Q

Hemagglutination encephalomyelitis virus infects young pigs

A

True

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213
Q

Hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus is typically vectored by mosquitoes

A

False

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214
Q

Hemagglutinating coronavirus can cause encephalomyelitis in suckling piglets

A

True

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215
Q

Hemagglutinating coronavirus can cause severe diarrhoea in sows

A

False

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216
Q

Hemagglutinating coronavirus/Ontario Disease is sporadic in Hungary

A

True

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217
Q

Hemagglutinating coronavirus of pigs is frequently causing malabsorption in sows

A

False

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218
Q

The hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus multiplicate in hematopoietic stem cells of the bone marrow

A

False

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219
Q

Hemagglutinating coronavirus is present worldwide

A

True

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220
Q

The occurrence of coronavirus encephalomyelitis of piglets is usually sporadic

A

True

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221
Q

Deltacoronavirus of pigs is a bat virus

A

False

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222
Q

Deltacoronavirus of pigs is an avian virus

A

True

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223
Q

Bovine coronavirus is generally spreading in summer

A

False

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224
Q

The bovine coronavirus is of avian origin

A

False

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225
Q

Bovine coronavirus is betacoronavirus

A

True

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226
Q

Bovine coronavirus is alphacoronavirus

A

False

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227
Q

Bovine coronavirus does not cause haemagglutination in vitro

A

False

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228
Q

Bovine coronavirus remains at the place of the primary replication, and it does not cause viraemia

A

False

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229
Q

Bovine coronavirus is generally spreading in winter

A

True

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230
Q

Certain bovine coronaviruses can cause diarrhoea in children

A

False

231
Q

Bovine coronaviruses usually infect the respiratory and the digestive systems

A

True

232
Q

Bovine corona virus causes diarrhoea in adult animals mainly in summer

A

False

233
Q

Bovine corona virus can cause respiratory problems

A

True

234
Q

Cattle can be infected with coronavirus per os

A

True

235
Q

Cattle can be infected with coronavirus by inhalation

A

True

236
Q

Bovine coronavirus can infect humans

A

False

237
Q

Bovine coronaviruses causes mainly respiratory and enteric diseases

A

True

238
Q

Certain bovine coronaviruses can affect humans causing clinical signs

A

False

239
Q

Coronaviruses mainly cause central nervous disease in cattle

A

False

240
Q

Calves can be protected against coronavirus diarrhoea by vaccinations of pregnant cows

A

True

241
Q

Mortality of calf enteral coronavirus is high

A

True

242
Q

Bovine coronaviruses can cause diarrhoea only in calves up to one month of age

A

False

243
Q

Coronavirus diarrhoea occurs in young calves between a few days and 3-4 weeks of age

A

True

244
Q

Coronavirus dysentery in calves can be observed up to 3 weeks of age

A

True

245
Q

Coronavirus can cause enteritis in calves typically on the first week of life

A

True

246
Q

Calf coronavirus diarrhoea is characterized by several respiratory signs

A

False

247
Q

Mortality of calf respiratory coronavirus is high

A

False

248
Q

Bovine coronaviruses may cause respiratory signs in calves

A

True

249
Q

Winter diarrhoea mainly affects dairy herds

A

True

250
Q

Bovine coronavirus can cause diarrhoea in adult animals

A

True

251
Q

Coronaviruses cause winter diarrhoea in dairy cows with haemorrhagic access

A

True

252
Q

There are no vaccines for the prevention of coronaviral diarrhoea in cattle

A

False

253
Q

Winter dysentery causes symptoms in younger age (up to 6 months of age)

A

False

254
Q

Coronaviruses cause winter diarrhoea in dairy cows

A

True

255
Q

Surviving winter dysentery gives permanent protection only against homologous infection

A

True

256
Q

Dogs have only one type of coronavirus

A

False

257
Q

The canine coronavirus is a zoonotic agent

A

False

258
Q

Canine coronavirus can always cause enteral disease

A

False

259
Q

There is a vaccine against canine coronavirus

A

True

260
Q

Canine coronavirus (CCOV-1) causes diarrhoea in young, susceptible dogs

A

True

261
Q

Canine coronaviruses frequently cause encephalitis and hepatitis in puppies

A

False

262
Q

Canine alphacoronavirus type II may cause haemorrhagic disease in 1-2-month-old pups

A

True

263
Q

Canine coronavirus are only present in North America

A

False

264
Q

Canine coronavirus vaccines effectively protect from any Canine coronavirus infection

A

False

265
Q

CCoV-IIa infections are endemic worldwide

A

False

266
Q

Canine enteral coronavirus and porcine coronavirus are genetically closely relative

A

False

267
Q

Dog enteral coronavirus: some strains can cause haemorrhagic diseases in some visceral organs

A

True

268
Q

Canine coronavirus-2 infections are characterized by haemorrhagic diarrhoea in puppies

A

True

269
Q

There are no protective vaccines available against Canine enteric coronavirus

A

False

270
Q

Canine pantropic coronavirus is an agent of kennel cough

A

False

271
Q

Canine pantropic coronavirus causes subnormal temperature

A

False

272
Q

Canine pantropic coronaviruses damage only the mucous membranes

A

False

273
Q

Canine pantropic coronaviruses causes high fever

A

True

274
Q

Pantropic canine coronavirus infections are endemic worldwide

A

False

275
Q

Pantropic canine coronavirus causes a mild respiratory disease in suckling dogs

A

False

276
Q

The canine respiratory coronavirus belongs to a different group than enteral coronavirus

A

True

277
Q

Canine respiratory coronavirus and human coronaviruses are genetically very distant relatives in all cases

A

False

278
Q

Canine respiratory coronavirus and bovine coronaviruses are genetically closely relatives

A

True

279
Q

Canine respiratory coronavirus infection results cross-protection against CCOV-I

A

False

280
Q

In suckling dogs CCoV-II infection causes respiratory disease

A

False

281
Q

Canine coronavirus is part of kennel cough

A

True

282
Q

The FIP is a pathotype of feline coronavirus

A

True

283
Q

Almost all cat vaccines contain antibodies against FIP

A

Fasle

284
Q

The wet form of FIP is II. type of hypersensitivity

A

False

285
Q

The dry form of FIP is I. type of hypersensitivity

A

False

286
Q

The dry form of FIP is IV. type of hypersensitivity

A

True

287
Q

FIP is an incurable disease

A

True

288
Q

FIP is caused by jackal coronavirus

A

False

289
Q

FIP responds well to antibiotic treatment

A

False

290
Q

Most animals infected with feline coronavirus develop FIP

A

False

291
Q

Cats can be vaccinated against feline coronavirus, but protection against FIP is not effective

A

True

292
Q

The dry form of FIP is I. type of hypersensitivity

A

False

293
Q

The feline coronavirus causes viraemia only in FIP

A

False

294
Q

The feline coronavirus is usually an enteric disease

A

True

295
Q

The feline coronavirus is a zoonotic agent

A

False

296
Q

Feline enteric coronavirus (FECOV) can only infect Felidae

A

True

297
Q

Feline enteric coronaviruses may infect dogs

A

False

298
Q

Feline infectious peritonitis viruses form a single serotype

A

False

299
Q

Feline enteric coronavirus infection usually causes sudden death of queens

A

False

300
Q

In the background of FIP can be immunopathological processes

A

True

301
Q

FIP causes infection only in cats younger than 1 year of age

A

False

302
Q

Feline corona virus does not have a long infection/carrier time

A

False

303
Q

Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) develops only in adult cats (over 1 year of age)

A

False

304
Q

Decreased serum albumin/globulin ratio may indicate FIP

A

True

305
Q

Feline enteric coronavirus usually causes severe, haemorrhagic enteritis in kittens

A

False

306
Q

Cell-mediated hypersensitivity plays a major role in the background of non-effusive feline infectious peritonitis

A

True

307
Q

All species of Felidae are susceptible to feline coronaviruses

A

True

308
Q

Coronaviruses can cause asymptomatic infection in cats

A

True

309
Q

Feline coronaviruses can cause mild watery diarrhoea

A

True

310
Q

Feline infectious peritonitis is an acute disease, it appears after a 2-3 days long incubation

A

False

311
Q

Feline coronavirus is a recombinant canine virus

A

True

312
Q

Feline enteric coronavirus causes FIP in 5-10% of cases

A

True

313
Q

FIP mainly infects with faeces

A

True

314
Q

Feline enteric coronavirus (FECoV) can only infect Felidae

A

True

315
Q

Feline infectious peritonitis viruses from a single serotype

A

True

316
Q

Effusive FIP is the result of a type 3 hypersensitivity reaction

A

True

317
Q

Feline enteric coronavirus infection usually causes sudden death of queens

A

False

318
Q

Feline enteric coronavirus infection of cats is very common

A

True

319
Q

Vaccine effectively protects from feline infectious peritonitis

A

False

320
Q

Feline coronavirus has two serotypes, both having two pathotypes

A

True

321
Q

FECoV infection usually causes acute haemorrhagic enteritis

A

False

322
Q

The Feline enteric coronavirus usually does not cause severe enteritis

A

True

323
Q

FIP forms because of immunotolerance

A

False

324
Q

In the presence of high-titer antibody level, infectious peritonitis cannot develop in cats

A

True

325
Q

Avian coronaviruses provide long lasting yolk-immunity

A

False

326
Q

Inactivated vaccine against IBV can be used any ages

A

True?

327
Q

A clinical sign of IBV can be nephritis

A

True

328
Q

IBV has nephropathogenic strains

A

True

329
Q

Infectious bronchitis virus causes tracheitis and pneumonia in chicken below 6 weeks of age

A

True

330
Q

The eggs are not infected infectious bronchitis virus

A

True

331
Q

IBV, the most important route is the germinative route

A

False

332
Q

IBV, have a wide range of serotypes including many variant strains

A

True

333
Q

IBV, cause stunting growth when embryonated egg is infected

A

False

334
Q

IBV is an arterivirus

A

False

335
Q

Mortality of IBV is high every ages

A

False

336
Q

Mortality of IBV depends on the coinfections

A

True

337
Q

IBV causes swollen oviducts in chicken

A

True

338
Q

Mortality of IBV depends on the age

A

True

339
Q

IBV can cause soft-shelled egg

A

True

340
Q

IBV cannot cause viraemia

A

False

341
Q

The Infectious Bursitis Virus IBDV is inactivated within 1-2 days in the environment

A

False

342
Q

Infectious bronchitis viruses belong into 3 distinct serotypes

A

False

343
Q

Infectious bronchitis virus damages the ovaries only in hens

A

False

344
Q

Infectious bronchitis virus can cause renal problems

A

True

345
Q

Infectious bronchitis virus can cause inflammatory lesions in the oviduct of chicken

A

True

346
Q

Infections bronchitis virus vaccines are used against turkey enteritis

A

False

347
Q

Infectious bronchitis virus can cause severe respiratory signs in young chicken

A

True

348
Q

Infectious bronchitis virus can damage the oviduct

A

True

349
Q

Infectious bronchitis can spread very slowly in the flock causing chronic disease

A

False

350
Q

There are no vaccines for the prevention of infectious bronchitis of chicken

A

False

351
Q

Infectious bronchitis virus of chicken is a uniform virus without any types of variants

A

False

352
Q

There is no germinative infection in the case of infectious bronchitis of chicken

A

True

353
Q

Infectious bronchitis virus replicates in the epithelial cells of the trachea and bronchi

A

True

354
Q

Infectious bronchitis virus can result in damaged or abnormal shell formation

A

True

355
Q

Infectious bronchitis has a lot of serotypes

A

True

356
Q

Infectious bronchitis viruses may have different organ tropism

A

True

357
Q

Germinative route is the most important in the transmission of infectious bronchitis

A

False

358
Q

Inactivated vaccines can be used against infectious bronchitis

A

True

359
Q

Attenuated vaccines can be used against infectious bronchitis

A

True

360
Q

Infectious bronchitis viruses form 2 distinct serotypes

A

False

361
Q

Infectious bronchitis viruses have a wide range of serotypes including many variants

A

True

362
Q

The clinical signs of Infectious bronchitis and Newcastle disease may be similar

A

True

363
Q

Coronavirus can cause diarrhoea in turkeys

A

True

364
Q

Turkey corona virus does not cause strong diarrhoea and causes no necrosis

A

False

365
Q

Turkey enteritis is characterized by age-dependent mortality rates

A

True

366
Q

Vaccination of turkey breeding flocks against Turkey enteritis virus is mandatory

A

False

367
Q

Paramyxoviruses are bad immunogens

A

False

368
Q

Paramyxoviruses can survive just a few days in the environment

A

True

369
Q

Paramyxoviruses cannot cause strong cytopathogenic effect in cell cultures

A

False

370
Q

Paramyxoviruses are good immunogens

A

True

371
Q

Parainfluenza viruses generally cause infection in the respiratory tract

A

True

372
Q

Parainfluenza viruses are highly host specific

A

False

373
Q

There are no vaccines on the market against canine parainfluenza 2 virus

A

False

374
Q

Canine parainfluenza virus 2 frequently causes encephalitis in old dogs

A

False

375
Q

Feline morbillivirus infection may be associated with tubulo-interstitial nephritis in cats

A

True

376
Q

Parainfluenza virus 2 infection is frequent in the aetiology of kennel cough

A

False

377
Q

Rinderpest virus can infect pigs

A

True

378
Q

Rinderpest virus can infect cattle

A

True

379
Q

The morbidity of rinderpest can reach 100%

A

True

380
Q

Rinderpest virus replicated only in the lungs

A

False

381
Q

Rinderpest virus is resistant; it can survive in the environment for several weeks

A

False

382
Q

Rinderpest virus causes viraemia

A

True

383
Q

Extended interstitial pneumonia is a frequent post mortem lesion of rinderpest

A

False

384
Q

Vesicle formation on the mucous membranes is typical in the case of rinderpest

A

False

385
Q

Diarrhoea with blood is a typical sign of rinderpest

A

True

386
Q

Enteral clinical signs are not typical in Rinderpest

A

False

387
Q

Attenuated viruses are widely used for the prevention of Rinderpest in Africa

A

False

388
Q

The clinical signs of rinderpest and malignant catarrhal fever are similar

A

True

389
Q

Erosions in the oral and nasal cavity are clinical signs of rinderpest

A

True

390
Q

Rinderpest occurs in large number in Africa

A

False

391
Q

Earth is free from Rinderpest

A

True

392
Q

Wild mammals are asymptomatic carriers of Rinderpest

A

False

393
Q

It is mandatory to vaccinate cattle against Rinderpest

A

False

394
Q

Nowadays Rinderpest virus is used as heterologous vaccine against the PPR virus

A

False

395
Q

Rinderpest virus survives for years in nature

A

False

396
Q

Only cattle are susceptible to Rinderpest infections

A

False

397
Q

Rinderpest is carried by animals for a long time

A

False

398
Q

Rinderpest commonly occurs in Africa and in Latin America

A

False

399
Q

Rinderpest virus is carried by animals for several years

A

False

400
Q

Cattle are infected with rinderpest virus mainly per os

A

True

401
Q

Cattle are affected with rinderpest mainly per os

A

True

402
Q

Rinderpest virus can survive in the environment for several months

A

False

403
Q

Peste des pest ruminants virus is resistant, it can survive in the environment for several months

A

False

404
Q

Attenuated vaccines can be used for the prevention of peste des petit ruminants

A

True

405
Q

Peste des petits ruminants is a widespread disease in Europe

A

False

406
Q

Generally direct contact is needed to the transmission of peste des petits ruminants virus

A

True

407
Q

Peste des petits ruminants virus replicates in the epithelium of the mucous membranes

A

True

408
Q

Peste des petit ruminants is a frequently diagnosed disease in America

A

False

409
Q

Necrosis of the oral epithelium is a typical sign of peste des petits ruminants

A

True

410
Q

Peste de petits ruminants is a zoonotic disease

A

False

411
Q

Nasal discharge is a typical clinical sign of peste des petit ruminants

A

True

412
Q

Erosive lesions in the oral cavity are frequent signs of Peste des petits ruminants

A

True

413
Q

The Peste des petits ruminants are endemic in North- and South America

A

False

414
Q

Peste des petites ruminants virus can cause haemorrhagic pneumonia

A

True

415
Q

Peste des petites ruminants virus can cause haemorrhagic or necrotic enteritis

A

True

416
Q

Over 50% of the animals may die during a Peste des petits ruminants outbreak

A

True

417
Q

The world is free of Peste des petites ruminants

A

False

418
Q

Canine distemper virus can produce a generalised infection

A

True

419
Q

The pathogenesis of distemper is influenced by the immune response of the host

A

True

420
Q

Distemper can be prevented only with the attenuated but not inactivated vaccines

A

False

421
Q

Distemper is zoonosis

A

False

422
Q

Distemper virus is shed in respiratory discharge and urine

A

True

423
Q

Canine distemper has six serotypes

A

False

424
Q

Neurological signs are not typical signs of canine distemper

A

False

425
Q

Clinical signs of the nervous system generally do not appear always in the case of canine distemper

A

False

426
Q

Canine distemper virus has one serotype with virulence variants

A

True

427
Q

Salivation and chewing movements cannot be clinical signs of canine distemper

A

False

428
Q

Distemper is a highly contagious disease of dogs and some other carnivores

A

True

429
Q

Distemper can be prevented only with attenuated but not inactivated vaccines

A

False

430
Q

Canine distemper virus causes immunosuppression

A

True

431
Q

The dog is the only species which is susceptible to canine distemper virus

A

False

432
Q

Three to six month old dogs are most susceptible to canine distemper virus

A

True

433
Q

Enamel hypoplasia can be a sign of distemper

A

True

434
Q

Hyperkeratosis of the nose and footpads are clinical signs of canine distemper

A

True

435
Q

Ataxia and paralysis are the main clinical signs of distemper in cats

A

False

436
Q

Distemper virus infects only dogs

A

False

437
Q

Distemper can cause abortion

A

True

438
Q

Dogs infected with Canine distemper virus usually become life-long carriers and shedders

A

False

439
Q

Clinical manifestation of the Canine distemper is mainly seen in 3-4 months-old dogs

A

True

440
Q

The outcome of Canine distemper virus infection is very much influenced by the immune response of the dog in utero

A

True

441
Q

Distemper virus infects only species belonging to Canidae

A

False

442
Q

Distemper virus can cause fetopathy

A

True

443
Q

Distemper virus can infect species belonging to the Felidae

A

True

444
Q

Distemper virus spreads mainly by arthropod vectors

A

False

445
Q

Distemper is a notifiable disease

A

False

446
Q

The dominant clinical sign of Canine distemper is diarrhoea

A

False

447
Q

Canine distemper virus only infects Canidae

A

False

448
Q

Distemper occurs in lions and dolphins

A

True

449
Q

Distemper can cause encephalitis in dogs

A

True

450
Q

Surviving distemper does not result in protection

A

False

451
Q

Distemper can predispose dogs to secondary bacterial infections

A

True

452
Q

Vaccinations against distemper at half years of age

A

False

453
Q

Distemper causes de-myelinization

A

True

454
Q

Distemper through conjunctival smear can be diagnosed by immunofluorescence technique

A

True

455
Q

Canine distemper virus often causes cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in the urinary bladder epithelial cells

A

True

456
Q

Hendra and Nipah viruses cause zoonotic disease

A

True

457
Q

Hendra virus can infect mainly swine and human

A

False

458
Q

Hendra virus can cause respiratory and neurological signs

A

Ture

459
Q

Horse is susceptible to Hendra virus infection

A

True

460
Q

Hendra virus can cause enteritis in the small intestine

A

False

461
Q

Natural reservoir of Hendra virus is flying fox (bat)

A

True

462
Q

Hendra-viruses can cause encephalitis in horses and in humans

A

True

463
Q

Hendra virus is found only in Australia

A

True

464
Q

Diseases caused by Nipah virus occur worldwide

A

False

465
Q

Nipah virus can cause ataxia, spasms, and paralysis in pigs

A

True

466
Q

Natural reservoir of Nipah virus is fruit bats

A

True

467
Q

Wild birds may be reservoir hosts of the Nipah-viruses

A

False

468
Q

Nipah virus is transmitted mainly by arthropod vectors

A

False

469
Q

Bovine RS virus can cause severe pneumonia in 6 months to 2 years old calves

A

True

470
Q

Bovine respiratory syncytial virus replicates in the alveolar epithelium

A

True

471
Q

Worldwide occurrence is characteristic for Bovine respiratory syncytial virus infection

A

True

472
Q

Bovine respiratory syncytial virus causes viraemia

A

False

473
Q

Bovine respiratory syncytial virus can predispose to secondary bacterial infections

A

True

474
Q

Subcutaneous emphysema is a common clinical sign of the disease caused by bovine respiratory syncytial virus

A

True

475
Q

Disease caused by bovine respiratory syncytial virus cannot be prevented with vaccination

A

False

476
Q

Bovine respiratory syncytial virus is spreading fast within a herd

A

True

477
Q

Bovine respiratory syncytial virus can cause life threatening disease in calves

A

True

478
Q

Bovine respiratory syncytial virus causes low morbidity and high mortality

A

False

479
Q

Bovine respiratory syntitial virus is caused by pneumovirus and we use inactivated vaccines for prevention

A

True

480
Q

Bovine parainfluenza virus causes central nervous clinical signs in calves

A

False

481
Q

Bovine parainfluenza-3 virus can result formation of hyalin membrane in the alveoli

A

True

482
Q

Disease caused by bovine parainfluenza-3 virus is very rare

A

False

483
Q

Bovine parainfluenza-3 virus can cause interstitial pneumonia in calves

A

True

484
Q

Bovine parainfluenza-3 virus infection is usually endemic in cattle farms

A

True

485
Q

Bovine parainffuenza-3 virus generally causes aerosol infection

A

True

486
Q

Fever, coughing, nasal discharge are common clinical signs of bovine PI-3 infection

A

True

487
Q

Disease caused by bovine parainfluenza 3 virus can be diagnosed using paired sera

A

True

488
Q

Bovine parainfluenza virus 3 is frequently endemic in cattle farms

A

True

489
Q

Parainfluenza 3 virus of cattle spreads mainly by arthropod vectors

A

False

490
Q

Symptoms of parainfluenza 3 virus infection of cattle are similar to RS virus infection

A

True

491
Q

Parainfluenza-3 virus of cattle can cause thromboembolic meningoencephalitis

A

False

492
Q

Parainfluenza-3 virus infection of calves is frequently followed by secondary bacterial infection

A

True

493
Q

Parainfluenza-3 viruses causes disease primarily in young calves

A

True

494
Q

A common route of infection with parainfluenza-3 is through inhalation

A

True

495
Q

Parainfluenza-3 virus can predispose cattle to pneumonia caused by bacteria

A

True

496
Q

The main clinical sign of a parainfluenza-3 infection is diarrhoea

A

False

497
Q

Parainfluenza-3 virus aids in secondary bacterial contaminations

A

True

498
Q

Velogenic strains of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) cause an acute form of the disease

A

True

499
Q

Velogenic strains of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) cause an acute septicemia

A

False

500
Q

Live mesogenic strains of NDV are used for vaccinations in Europe

A

True

501
Q

Day-old chicken can be vaccinated with apathogenic strains to prevent ND

A

Trur

502
Q

Hen flocks are vaccinated with lentogenic/apathogenic strains to induce maternal immunity

A

True

503
Q

Mesogenic strains of NDV are used for vaccination in some countries

A

True

504
Q

Apathogenic trains of NDV are used for vaccination

A

False

505
Q

Velogenic-viscerotropic NDV strains can cause disease with high mortality

A

True

506
Q

ND is caused by virulent strains of the APMV-1 serogroup

A

True

507
Q

Members of every APMV serogroup can cause Newcastle disease

A

False

508
Q

It is possible to determine the virulence of AMPV-1 strains by sequencing

A

True

509
Q

A usual 1st symptom of neurotropic-vNDV infection is diarrhea

A

False

510
Q

An acute, nervous form of Newcastle disease can frequently be seen in ducks

A

False

511
Q

An acute, nervous form of Newcastle disease can frequently be seen in dogs

A

False

512
Q

Newcastle disease is caused by virulent strains of serogroup APMV-1

A

True

513
Q

An intracerebral pathogenicity index higher than 0.7 is a criterion of ND

A

True

514
Q

The sequence of Newcastle disease virus F0 splice is a significant factor in its virulence

A

True

515
Q

Newcastle Disease ND viruses cause dwarfism in embryonated chicken eggs

A

False

516
Q

There are no vaccines for the prevention of Newcastle disease

A

False

517
Q

Only faeces of the infected birds contains Newcastle disease virus F

A

False

518
Q

Diarrhoea is a clinical sign of Newcastle disease

A

True

519
Q

Virulence of Newcastle disease virus can be characterised with the chicken embryo survival index

A

True

520
Q

Newcastle disease is caused by avian paramyxovirus 1

A

True

521
Q

Newcastle disease virus can infect only chicken

A

False

522
Q

Worldwide distribution is common for Newcastle disease virus

A

True

523
Q

Inhalation is an important way of transmission of Newcastle disease virus T

A

True

524
Q

Per os infection is an important way of transmission of Newcastle disease virus

A

True

525
Q

Eurasia is free from Newcastle disease

A

False

526
Q

Humans are resistant against Newcastle disease virus

A

False

527
Q

Lentogenic Newcastle disease virus cause severe fatal infection

A

False

528
Q

Lentogenic NDV may cause disease in young turkey

A

True

529
Q

Germinative infection is an important way of transmission of Newcastle disease virus

A

False

530
Q

Lentogenic Newcastle disease virus cause severe fatal infection

A

False

531
Q

Lentogenic Newcastle disease virus can cause high morbidity and mortality in poultry flocks

A

False

532
Q

Lentogenic Newcastle disease virus is more virulent than velogenic

A

False

533
Q

Newcastle disease virus causes viraemia

A

True

534
Q

Newcastle disease virus damages blood vessels

A

True

535
Q

The clinical signs of Newcastle disease and avian influenza are similar

A

True

536
Q

Virulence of Newcastle disease virus can be characterised with the intracerebral pathogenicity index

A

True

537
Q

There are different virulence variants of Newcastle disease virus

A

True

538
Q

Only inactivated vaccines may be used for the prevention of Newcastle disease

A

False

539
Q

Velogenic Newcastle disease virus is more virulent than mesogenic

A

True

540
Q

Tremor, spasms and torcicollis are clinical signs of Newcastle disease

A

True

541
Q

Newcastle disease, splice site significant

A

True(?)

542
Q

Index higher than 0,7 is a criterion of Newcastle disease

A

True

543
Q

Vaccination against Newcastle disease is used all over world

A

True

544
Q

The vaccine for NDV is a lentogenic strain

A

True

545
Q

Lentogenic stain is used in vaccines for new castles disease

A

True

546
Q

Newcastle disease virus velogen viscerotop and neurotrop causes neurological signs

A

True

547
Q

Wild birds may be reservoir hosts of the Newcastle disease virus

A

True

548
Q

The virulence of Newcastle disease strains can be determined by sequence analysis of certain genes

A

(?)

549
Q

Newcastle disease virus cannot survive long in the environment

A

False

550
Q

Newcastle disease virus is typically vectored by ticks

A

False

551
Q

Velogenic strains of Newcastle disease virus always cause encephalitis

A

True

552
Q

Lentogenic strains of Newcastle disease virus can be used for vaccine production

A

True

553
Q

Lentogenic strains of Newcastle disease virus can cause high morbidity and mortality

A

False

554
Q

Velogenic viscerotrop strains of Newcastle disease virus can be used for vaccine production

A

False

555
Q

Avian paramyxoviruses (APMV) belong into 9 serogroups

A

True

556
Q

Lentogenic strains of Newcastle disease virus do not cause clinical signs.

A

False

557
Q

Wild boars may transmit Newcastle disease virus

A

False

558
Q

Any member of the avian paramyxovirus serogroups may cause Newcastle disease

A

False

559
Q

Avian paramyxovirus-1 usually causes central nervous disease in pigeons

A

True

560
Q

Newcastle disease virus can be taken up by inhalation and per os

A

True

561
Q

CNS clinical signs are frequently seen in chicken in the case of Newcastle disease

A

True

562
Q

Newcastle disease could easily be differentiated from avian influenza

A

False

563
Q

Using vaccines of velogenic strains of Newcastle disease virus good protection can be reached

A

False

564
Q

Drop of egg production is a clinical sign of avian metapneumovirus infection

A

True

565
Q

Avian metapneumovirus infection occurs only in America

A

False

566
Q

Avian metapneumovirus infection spreads very fast within the flock

A

True

567
Q

Disease caused by avian metapneumovirus is more severe in turkeys than hens

A

True

568
Q

In avian metapneumovirus infection the egg production drops/decreases

A

True

569
Q

Swollen head syndrome (SHS) caused by avian metapneumonia virus

A

True

570
Q

Wild birds may be reservoir hosts of avian metapneumoviruses

A

True

571
Q

Avian metapneumoviruses can cause respiratory signs and egg production problems

A

True

572
Q

Turkey rhinotracheitis virus causes disease in turkeys and chicken

A

True

573
Q

Turkey rhinotracheitis is most frequent at 4-9 weeks of age

A

True

Epidemiology Final (7 decks)

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