Herpes, Pox Flashcards by Henriette Wisnes

Herpesviruses are good antigens

False

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Alphaherpesviruses are host specific slowly multiplying (>24hrs) viruses

False

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Alphaherpesviruses may cause latent infection in neurons of ganglia

True

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Some herpesviruses have a broad host spectrum (euryxen)

True

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Gammaherpesviruses may cause latent infection in neurons of ganglia

False

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Herpes viruses are resistant to detergents

False

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Herpesviruses are sensitive to detergents

True

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Herpesviruses are generally weak antigens

True

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Herpesviruses can cause latent persistent infections

True

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Herpesviruses are typically stenoxen viruses, but there are significant exceptions

True

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Herpesviruses are strong antigens, therefore single vaccinations provide lifelong protection

False

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Herpesviruses are enveloped viruses, therefore they are sensitive to detergents

True

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There are no serological cross-reactions between different herpesvirus species

False

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Because the genome of herpesvnruses is very stable, no attenuated mutant vaccine strains are available

False

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Infectious bovine vulvovaginitis virus strains cause abortions and foetal deformities

False

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Herpesvirus infections frequently result in latent virus carry

True

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Herpesviruses usually cause latent infections and life-long virus carries

True

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Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus can cause abortion

True

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The use of marker vaccines can help the eradication of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus

True

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The most frequently used eradication strategy for IBRV is selection with the help of marker vaccines

True

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Marker vaccines can be used in IBRV eradication programs in cattle farms

True

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Antibodies against infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (IBRV) might be detected in the milk

True

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Conjunctivitis and blepharitis are signs of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis

True

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The infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (IBRV) causes haemorrhagic gastroenteritis

False

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Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus also causes mastitis in cows

False

Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus is transmitted by arthropods

False

Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus can cause fatal encephalitis in calves

True

Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis virus frequently causes encephalitis in old cows and bulls

False

Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis virus frequently causes encephalitis in old sow and bulls

False

Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis can be endemic on cattle farms

True

Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus can cause skin lesions on the genitals

True

Bulls can shed the infectious bovine rhinotracheitis with semen

True

The infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (IBRV) may spread via semen

True

Pregnant cows should be immunized with inactivated vaccines against IBRV

True

Pregnant cows should be immunized against IBRV only with inactivated vaccine

True

Attenuated vaccines are used in pregnant cows against Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis virus

False

Pregnant cows can be immunized against IBRV only with attenuated vaccines

False

Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus can cause abortion

True

Because Bovine herpesvirus l causes latent infections; it is not possible to eradicate it from a cattle population

False

Bovine herpesvirus l may cause encephalitis in calves

True

IBRV may cause encephalitis in calves

True

Only inactivated vaccines are available against Bovine herpesvirus l

False

Bovine herpesvirus 1 may be transmitted through semen

True

Seropositive cattle cannot be carriers of the Infections Rhinotracheitis virus

False

Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis virus (IBRV) can be transmitted through vectors

False

The IBR virus causes nephritis in calves usually in the age between one and six months

False

Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR) cause serous nasal discharge

False

Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis in 6-month-old calves usually causes pneumonia

True

Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis in cattle 6 months of age can cause encephalitis

False

Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis often cause genital lesions with vesicles

True

Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis may cause inflammation of conjunctiva

True

Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis cause purulent discharge

True

In Hungary the gE-negative marker vaccine is to be used in the control of Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis

True

Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis is rapidly spread within the herd

False

Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis is no longer present in Hungary

False

The respiratory form of Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis is often followed by genital symptoms

False

Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis spreads slowly within a herd

True

We can see characteristic clinical signs of Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis in day-old calves

False

We are doing Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis virus eradication programs in Hungary

True

Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis virus mainly cause encephalitis in cattle older than 6 months

False

Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis mainly causes pneumonia in 1-6 months old calves

True

Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis is rare, BHV-1 only affects cattle

False

In the transmission IBRV, the most important route is the germinative route

False

Genital form of IBR is often followed by abortion

False

IBR can occur in several clinical forms

True

IBR is a frequent infection, cattle and its closest relatives are affected

True

Bovine Herpes virus 2 frequently causes abortion

False

Bovine herpes mamillitis virus can cause mastitis in cows

False

Bovine herpes mamillitis virus may cause lesions on the muzzle of suckling calves

True

The bovine herpes mamillitis virus causes lesions on the skin of the milkers, therefore it is a zoonotic agent

False

Bovine herpesvirus 2 may cause generalised skin lesions

True

Bovine herpesvirus 2 is the most frequent primary cause of mastitis in cattle

False

Bovine Herpes Mammillitis virus causes milkers' nodules in humans

False

Bovine Herpes Mammillitis virus may cause lesions on the lips of milking calves

True

Regarding Bovine Herpes Mammillitis, mainly heifers show clinical signs

True

Swine inclusion body rhinitis virus is causing mainly subclinical infection

True

Bloody nasal discharge can be a sign of swine inclusion body rhinitis

True

Clinical manifestation of swine inclusion body rhinitis is usually seen in piglets less than 3 weeks old

True

Inclusion body rhinitis is predisposing to fatal respiratory disease in pigs

False

Suid herpesvirus 2 may cause upper respiratory tract disease in piglets

True

Swine Inclusion Body Rhinitis is usually seen in piglets

True

The Swine Inclusion Body Rhinitis virus may cause reproductive problems in sows

True

Malignant catarrhal fever is mostly fatal in sheep

False

Malignant catarrhal fever is an alphaherpesvirus causing latent infection in ganglia

False

Malignant catarrhal fever develops only in suckling calves up to two weeks of age

False

Malignant catarrhal fever can be seen only in calves younger than one month

False

Malignant catarrhal fever causes only mild respiratory disease in sheep

False

Sheep should be immunised against malignant catarrhal fever virus

False

Malignant catarrhal fever may develop in swine too

True

Malignant catarrhal fever is frequently seen in cats

False

Cattle should be vaccinated against malignant catarrhal fever

False

Goats are the reservoir hosts of the malignant catarrhal fever virus

False

The incubation period of malignant catarrhal fever is less than one week

False

Malignant catarrhal fever is quickly spreading from cattle to cattle

False

Cattle should be vaccinated against malignant catarrhal fever in every six months

False

The malignant catarrhal fever is caused by Bovine Herpes virus-2

False

Malignant Catarrhal Fever is usually lethal in cattle

True

Rodents are the reservoir hosts of the Malignant Catarrhal Fever virus

False

Swine are the reservoir host of the Malignant Catarrhal Fever virus

False

The Malignant Catarrhal Fever is caused by Bovine herpesvirus-2

False

We vaccinate calves 2 times against Malignant Catarrhal Fever

False

Swine are affected by Malignant Catarrhal Fever

True

Malignant Catarrhal Fever does not occur in Europe

False

Malignant Catarrhal Fever can cause diarrhoea

True

Malignant Catarrhal Fever spreads slowly within a cattle herd

False

Malignant Catarrhal Fever occurs if we keep cattle and sheep together

True

Malignant Catarrhal Fever does not occur in Hungary

False

The Aujeszy’s disease virus is stenoxen

False

Wild boars are not susceptible to Aujeszy’s disease virus

False

Abortion of sows can be a sign of Aujeszky ́s disease

True

Pregnant sows may abort in Aujeszky ́s disease

True

Dogs should be vaccinated against Aujeszky ́s disease

False

Carnivores are the reservoir hosts of the Aujeszky ́s disease virus

False

The Aujeszky's disease in cats is usually a mild respiratory disease with quick recovery

False

The signs of Aujeszky ́s disease in dogs are similar to rabies

True

The natural reservoir hosts of the Aujeszky ́s disease virus are rodents

False

The Aujeszky disease causes fatal pneumonia in Ruminants and Carnivores

False

The Aujeszky disease is zoonosis

False

The symptoms of Aujeszky ́s disease in ruminants is similar to rabies

True

The Aujeszky disease virus may infect several mammalian hosts

True

The Aujeszky disease virus is stenoxen

False

Aujeszky ́s diseases can be latently carried by pigs in the nervous system

True

Central nervous signs of the Aujeszky ́s disease are rarely seen in adult swine

True

Convalescent swine are life-long carriers and potential shedders of Aujeszky ́s disease virus

True

Swine are immunized against the Aujeszky ́s disease virus usually with gE negative marker vaccines

True

Rats are the reservoir hosts of the Aujeszky ́s disease

False

Rodents are are the natural reservoir hosts of the Aujeszky ́s disease

False

The Suid herpesvirus 1 frequently causes encephalitis in humans

False

Liquid manure may play a role in the transmission of Suid herpesvirus 1 from swine to cattle

True

Discriminative ELISA tests may differentiate between vaccinated swine wild type Suid herpesvirus infected ones

True

In adult swine the most frequent manifestation of Aujeszky ́s disease is encephalitis

False

Aujeszky's disease virus infection in adult pigs is frequently subclinical

True

Pigs infected with wild type Aujeszky ́s disease virus can be differentiated from vaccinated ones by serological tests (i.e ELISA)

True

Cattle should be vaccinated against Malignant Catarrhal Fever

False

Aujeszky ́s disease can occur in pigs and cats

True

Aujeszky's disease in pigs causes viraemia

True

Aujeszky ́s disease in cats spreads along the nerves

True

Aujeszky ́s disease can cause respiratory signs in adult pigs

True

Aujeszky ́s disease causes fever in day old piglets

True

Aujeszky ́s disease causes pneumonia in susceptible piglets

False

Aujeszky ́s disease doesn’t cause clinical signs in susceptible piglets

False

Aujeszky ́s disease causes pruritus in susceptible piglets

False

Aujeszky ́s disease causes 20-30% mortality in susceptible piglets

False

Older pigs are more frequently affected by Aujeszky ́s

False

Equine rhinopneumonitis virus is transmitted by arthropods

False

For immunisation against equine rhinopneumonitis virus mostly marker vaccines are used

False

Equine rhinopneumonitis virus can cause abortion several weeks after acute infection

True

Equine rhinopneumonitis virus causes cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in the foetal hepatocytes

False

Equine rhinopneumonitis virus can cause abortion several weeks after acute infection

True

Equid herpesvirus 4 more frequently causes encephalitis than Equid herpesvirus 1

False

Horses should be vaccinated against equine rhinopneumonitis virus at least every 6 months

True

Equine rhinopneumonitis virus causes necrotic foci in the liver of the foetus

True

Fever and serous nasal discharge are early signs of acute equine rhinopneumonitis

True

Equine rhinopneumonitis virus can cause purulent metritis

False

Only equine herpesvirus 4 can cause abortion

False

Pregnant mares abort usually in the acute phase of equine rhinopneumonitis

False

After EHV1 infection pregnant mares abort in the acute febrile stage

False

Immunisation against equine rhinopneumonitis virus provides life long protection

False

Equine rhinopneumonitis virus is present only in North America

False

The equid herpesvirus 1 may cause abortion storms in studs

True

Pregnant mares abort usually several weeks after equid herpesvirus 1 infection

True

Vaccinated horses cannot get infected with Equid herpesvirus 1

False

Equid herpesvirus 1 associated abortions are always sporadic

False

Equid herpesvirus 1 may cause subclinical infection in horses

True

Only pregnant mares should be immunized against Equid herpesvirus-1 infection

False

A single vaccination against Equid herpesvirus-1 provides life-long protection

False

Equine rhinopneumonitis virus can cause only respiratory problems

False

Both equid herpesvirus 1 and 4 can cause abortion

True

For immunisation against Equine rhinopneumonitis virus mostly marker vaccines are used

False

A single vaccination of a horse against EHV-1 induces protection for several years

False

Equine herpesvirus-4 primarily causes abortion in horses

False

Equine herpesvirus-4 causes mainly respiratory symptoms in horses

True

Equine herpesvirus-1 contains cross-reactive proteins against disease caused by EHV-4

True

Vaccination containing Equine herpesvirus-1 also provides protection against EHV-4

False

Equine herpesvirus-1 primarily causes respiratory symptoms in horses

False

Equine herpesvirus-1 primarily causes abortion

True

One vaccination is enough to prevent Equine herpesvirus-1

False

Mares infected with Equine herpesvirus-1 have a febrile state, then abort

True

Horses should be vaccinated against Equine herpesvirus-1 every six months

False

Equine herpesvirus 2 may cause keratoconjunctivitis

True

Equine herpesvirus 2 can cause respiratory disease only in young foals

True

Equid herpesvirus-2 may cause respiratory disease in foals

True

Equid herpesvirus 5 may play a role in the equine multinodular pulmonary fibrosis

True

Equid herpesvirus 2 may cause keratoconjunctivitis in foals

True

Equid herpesvirus 5 causes encephalitis in foals

False

Equine herpesvirus-2 and 5 causes pustular vulvovaginitis

False

Equid herpesvirus-2 may cause Coital Exanthemas in horse

False

Equid herpesvirus-2 and 5 cause diarrhoea and hepatitis in foals

False

In horses infected with Equine herpesvirus-2, the symptoms are often unnoticed

True

Equine herpesvirus-2 in horses does not cause symptoms in adult animals

True

It is enough to vaccinate mares 2 times against Equine herpesvirus-2

False

Equid herpesvirus 3 can cause lesions on the genital mucosa without abortion

True

Equid herpesvirus 3 may cause coital exanthema in horses

True

Abortion is frequent complication of coital exanthema in mares

False

Herpesvirus 3 can be transmitted through mating

True

Coital exanthema virus frequently causes abortion

False

Coital Exanthema virus does not cause abortion

True

Equine Coital Exanthema can cause abortion storms in studs

False

Equine herpesvirus-3 cause abortion storms

False

Canine herpesvirus infection can cause abortion

True

Herpesvirus infection of adult dogs may result in reproductive disorders

True

Canine herpesvirus infection frequently appears with flu like symptoms

True

Feline herpesvirus infects dogs as well

False

Liver lesions are frequently seen in puppies with Canid herpesvirus 1 infection

True

Canine herpesvirus infection can cause blue eye disease

False

Herpesvirus is frequently causing kennel cough

True

Hypothermia and weak immune response facilitate the severity of canid herpes virus infection of dogs

True

Latent canine herpesvirus infection can be activated in pregnant bitches

True

Canine herpesvirus can cause transplacental infection

True

Pregnant bitches can be immunised against canine herpesvirus with inactivated vaccine

True

Herpes infection of pups 2-3 weeks old is fatal

True

Canine Herpes virus may remain in latency for years in infected animals

True

Canine herpesvirus 1 may contribute to the kennel cough syndrome

True

Canid herpesvirus-1 may cause generalized infection and severe disease in young puppies

True

Inactivated vaccines are available for immunization against Canid herpesvirus-1

True

Upper respiratory infection of Canid herpesvirus-1 may contribute to the kennel cough syndrome

True

In utero infections with Canid herpesvirus may result in abortion

True

Decreased body temperature has a negative effect on Canine herpesvirus infected animals

True

Herpesvirus infection of dogs is most severe in 3-6 months old puppies

False

Large dog kennels are usually seropositive for canine herpesvirus

True

Canine herpesvirus infection can be deadly below 2-3 weeks of age

True

Feline rhinotracheitis predisposes to pneumonia caused by Bordetella bronchiseptica

True

Feline rhinotracheitis can cause foetal developmental anomalies in pregnant cats

True

Felid herpesvirus does not cause viraemia and abortion

False

Abortion is uncommon in feline rhinotracheitis of pregnant animals

False

Abortion is rare in rhinotracheitis infected pregnant cats

False

Sneezing is a typical sign of feline infectious rhinotracheitis

True

Feline herpesvirus does not cause respiratory signs, only viraemia and abortion

False

Conjunctivitis is a frequent sign of feline rhinotracheitis

True

Conjunctivitis and muco-purulent nasal discharge are frequent signs of feline rhinotracheitis

True

Clinical signs of feline infectious rhinotracheitis are similar to those of calicivirus

True

Feline infectious rhinotracheitis often results high mortality in susceptible young kittens

True

Feline infectious rhinotracheitis often results in abortion of pregnant queens

True

Felid herpesvirus 1 spreads slowly in cat populations

False

Feline infectious rhinotracheitis is characterized by inflammation of the upper respiratory tract

True

Crowded area, poor general condition and stress contribute significantly to the development of feline infectious rhinotracheitis

True

Prolonged contact is usually needed for successful transmission of feline infectious rhinotracheitis

True

Feline infectious rhinotracheitis can be treated with specific hyperimmune sera

True

Conjunctivitis and muco-purulent nasal discharge are frequent signs of feline rhinotracheitis

True

Ulcerations of the oral mucosa are frequent signs of Feline Rhinotracheitis

False

Feline Infectious Rhinotracheitis occurs in summer because Felid herpesvirus-1 is transmitted by mosquitoes

False

Feline herpesvirus-1 is mainly transmitted by mosquitoes

False

Felid herpesvirus-1 is moderately contagious: spreads slowly in cat populations

False

Feline Infectious Rhinotracheitis virus is transmitted mainly through the air

False

The Feline Infectious Rhinotracheitis virus is very contagious to cats

True

Mucous is a frequent sign of Feline Infectious Rhinotracheitis

True

The infectious laryngotracheitis is seen only in young chickens

False

Diarrhoea is frequent in infectious laryngotracheitis of chickens

False

Infectious laryngotracheitis virus strains may differ in virulence

True

Encephalitis is a frequent complication in Infectious Laryngotracheitis of chickens

False

Ducks are the most susceptible to infectious laryngotracheitis virus

False

The infectious laryngotracheitis causes pseudomembrane formation in the oesophagus

False

Chickens above 6 weeks of age are not susceptible to infectious laryngotracheitis

False

The infectious laryngotracheitis can cause viraemia and pneumonia in young...

False

Conjunctivitis is a frequent sign of infectious laryngotracheitis

True

Infectious laryngotracheitis virus is typically transmitted by the germinative route

False

Infectious laryngotracheitis can be deadly in chickens

True

Infectious laryngotracheitis is most frequently seen in day-old chickens

False

Infectious laryngotracheitis virus is shed mainly with faeces

False

Infectious Laryngotracheitis virus replicates in the liver of cats

False

Infectious Laryngotracheitis virus replicates in the upper respiratory tract

True

Germinative route is the most important factor in the transmission of the Infectious Laryngotracheitis virus

False

Tracheal lesions of Infectious Laryngotracheitis may be similar to those of fowl pox

True

The Infectious Laryngotracheitis virus does not cause viraemia

True

Infectious Laryngotracheitis is most frequently seen in day-old turkey

False

Infectious Laryngotracheitis virus is present worldwide

True

Infectious Laryngotracheitis usually occurs clinically under 6 weeks of age

False

Infectious Laryngotracheitis causes changes in the larynx and upper airways

True

Infectious Laryngotracheitis virus invades the kidneys after viraemia

False

Infectious Laryngotracheitis of poultry spreads germinatively

False

Infectious Laryngotracheitis also occur in Hungary

True

Infectious Laryngotracheitis causes eggshell deformation

False

Infectious Laryngotracheitis frequently damages the oviduct of hen

False

Infectious Laryngotracheitis can be deadly in chickens

True

Mortality of infectious laryngotracheitis can go up to 50%

True

In case of viraemia the GaHV2 spreads to fowl’s organs in macrophages

True

Transient paralysis form of Marek’s disease can be present in 6-week-old chicken

True

Infection of Marek’s disease can occur in hatchery

True

The vaccines of Marek’s disease are not efficient

False

The turkey herpesvirus causes cross immunity against Marek’s disease

True

Turkey Herpes virus can be used for vaccination against Marek Disease

True

Lymphoproliferative form of Marek’s disease can be present in 6-week-old chicken

True

Lymphoproliferative form of Marek’s disease can be present in hens (older age)

False

Clinical signs of Marek’s disease present rare, because of vaccination

True

Lymphoproliferative form of Mareks disease is a chronic disease

False

The duck herpesvirus causes cross immunity against Marek disease

False

The free virions spread to organs independent of cells in the case of Marek disease

False

Transient paralysis form of Mareks disease can be present in hens

False

Lymphoproliferative form of Mareks disease is an acute disease

True

Neurological form of Mareks disease can be present in 4 week old chicken

False

There is in ovo vaccine against Mareks disease

True

Intake of GaHV2 happens most frequently per os

False

Germinative infection does not occur in Mareks disease

True

Germinative infection does occur in Mareks disease

False

In case of viraemia the GaHV2 spreads to fowl’s organs in red blood cells F

Flase

The acute form of Mareks is primarily a tumour formation

True

Marek disease is usually seen in chickens below 2 weeks of age

False

Marek disease virus is shed with faeces in high titres

False

Signs of Marek disease may be very similar to reticuloendotheliosis signs

True

The Marek disease virus survives for long in the environment

True

Marek disease is caused by turkey herpesvirus

False

Transient Marek paralysis may lead to visceral form

True

Transient paralysis by Marek’s disease usually ends in full recovery

False

The chronic form of Marek disease is characterized by neurological disorders

True

The chronic form of Marek disease is due to circuses of higher virulence

Flase

Transient Marek paralysis may lead to visceral form

True

Marek disease is the result of air born infection

True

Transient paralysis by Marek disease usually ends in full recovery

False

Marek disease usually starts as an airborne infection

True

Free Marek virus particles are shed from the feather follicles

True

The Marek's disease virus may survive in the environment for several months

True

Marek's disease is most frequently seen in geese and ducks

False

Free virions of the Marek's disease virus are formed in the feather follicle epithelial cells

True

Humoral immunity plays the central role in the host's defence against the Marek's disease virus

False

The neurological form of the Marek's disease is seen only in day-old chicks

False

Chicken shed the Marek's disease virus via feather follicular epithelial cells

True

The pathological lesions of acute Marek's disease and reticuloendotheliosis can be similar

True

Conjunctivitis is a frequent sign of acute Marek's disease

False

The Marek's disease virus is transmitted by inhalation

True

Marek ́s disease virus can ́t be prevented by vaccination, because it ́s immunosuppressive

False

The pathology lesions of acute Marek ́s disease and avian leucosis can be similar

True

The Marek ́s disease virus causes immunosuppression

True

The acute form of Marek ́s disease is characterized by lymphoid cell proliferation

True

The neurological form of Marek ́s disease has a mass appearance

False

The highly virulent strains of Marek ́s disease may cause tumours in turkey

True

The incubation time of acute Marek ́s disease is 1-2 days

False

The neurological form of Marek ́s disease leads to significant liver degeneration

False

Both serotypes of the Marek ́s virus cause disease in geese

False

North America is free of Marek ́s disease

False

Marek’s disease only occurs in domestic fowl

True

Marek’s disease spreads primarily via the aerogenous route

True

The Marek’s disease virus is transmitted by droplet infection

False

Marek’s disease virus is shed mainly via the faeces

False

Marek ́s disease in the blood multiplies in the endothelial cells

False

Marek ́s disease is a beta herpes virus

False

Marek’s disease primarily targets day old chickens

False

The neoplastic form of Marek disease is caused by high virulence strain

True

Vaccination is used for the prevention of Marek ́s disease

True

The neoplastic form of Marek’s is caused by low virulence strains

False

We can differentiate Marek’s disease from reticuloendotheliosis only by lab diagnostics methods

True

Prevention against Marek ́s: no measures needed as the disease remains mostly symptomless

False

General preventative measures and vaccination of day-old chickens must be used for the prevention of Marek’s disease

True

Live attenuated strains are used for vaccination against Marek ́s disease

True

No vaccination is needed against Marek’s disease

False

The highly virulent strains of Marek’s disease may cause tumors in turkeys

True

Marek’s disease viruses are uniform in their virulence

False

Highly virulent Marek’s disease viruses may break through vaccine induced protection

True

Conjunctivitis is a frequent sign of duck viral enteritis

True

Only sporadic clinical cases of duck viral enteritis are seen in an affected flock

False

Mallards may transmit the duck enteritis virus to domestic ducks kept on lakes

True

Liver dystrophy is a frequent lesion of duck viral enteritis (duck plaque)

True

Wild ducks may be persistently infected with duck plaque (duck enteritis) virus

True

Duck plaque virus may be shed life long by animals recovered from the disease

True

Duck plaque (viral enteritis) can’t cause high mortality without secondary bacterial infection

False

Duck plaque and duck viral enteritis are two names of the same disease

True

Duck viral enteritis is seldom fatal

False

Treatment is the most effective control method for duck viral enteritis

False

Duck plague is more sever in wild birds than in domestic ducks

False

Duck plague virus damages blood vessel endothelium

True

Duck plague only affects young ducklings

False

Duck plague is only seen in day old ducklings

False

Duck viral enteritis is usually mild, osmotic diarrhoea

False

Duck plague infects exclusively domestic and wild ducks

False

Antibiotic treatment is the most effective control method for Duck Viral Enteritis

False

Duck plague infects exclusively domestic and wild ducks

False

Beak deformity is a typical sign of Duck Plague

False

Muscovy duck are resistant to the Duck Viral Enteritis

False

Duck Plague/Duck viral Enteritis cause high mortality in all ages

False

Duck Plague/Duck viral Enteritis clinical signs in young ducks are only seen in birds up to 4 weeks of age

False

Vaccines containing a live attenuated strain can be used for prevention against Duck Plague

True

Duck Plague/Duck viral Enteritis vaccination is not needed as clinical signs are mild

False

Duck Plague virus can “settle” in wild ducks

True

Duck Plague is an outbreak of Avian influenza in ducks, with a host-adapted version of the virus

False

Duck Plague only causes hepatitis in young ducks

False

Duck Plague only causes disease in ducks and geese

False

Duck Plague virus causes high mortality in both old and young birds

False

Duck Plague also affects geese

True

Duck Plague is a disease of young ducks only

False

Duck Viral Enteritis can affect all age groups

True

Depression, respiratory signs and bloody diarrhoea are main signs of Duck Plague

True

In most cases the Duck Plague disease remain symptomless

False

Duck Plague is more severe in wild birds than domestic ducks

False

Conjunctivitis is a frequent sign of Duck Plague

True

Pigeon herpesvirus mainly causes encephalitis in adult pigeons

False

Pigeon herpesvirus infections usually result a haemorrhagic deadly disease

False

Pigeon herpesvirus is characterised by focal necrosis in the liver in pigeon

True

Pigeon herpesvirus kills mostly day old pigeons

False

Pigeon herpesvirus infection causes feather development problems

False

Pigeon herpesvirus infections mainly affect young pigeons

True

Pigeon herpesvirus mainly causes encephalitis in adult pigeons

False

Pigeon herpesvirus infection is frequently combined with adenovirus and circovirus infection

True

Pigeon herpesvirus may cause respiratory disease in young pigeons

True

Pigeon herpesvirus causes conjunctivitis, rhinitis, pharyngitis and diarrhoea in the acute stage

True

Pigeon herpesvirus infection is related to Marek’s disease

True

Pigeon herpesvirus has the highest mortality in day-old pigeons

False

Diarrhoea and nasal discharge are common in Pigeon herpesvirus infections

True

The eradication of smallpox was successful because the immunity against the virus is strong

True

Poxviruses can cause generalised disease

True

The eradication of monkeypox was successful

False

The eradication of smallpox was successful because the virus has one and stable serotype

True

The eradication of smallpox was successful because there are clinical signs during the shedding

True

Poxviruses cause inclusion body in the cytoplasm

True

Pox viruses are epitheliotropic viruses

True

Poxviruses can cause local clinical signs

True

Poxviruses cause inclusion body in the nucleus

False

Pox viruses cause lesions in 4 stradia at the site of primer replication

False

Parapox viruses cause long lasting immunity

False

Serological cross-protectivity exits between certain poxvirus species but only within genus

True

Humans can be infected with the following poxviruses: Cowpox, Pseudo-cowpox, Vaccinia, Monkey Pox, Parapox, Contagious Pustular Dermatitis

True

Poxvirus never cause viraemia and generalized infection

False

Poxvirus can cause cytoplasmic inclusion bodies

True

Poxvirus are a strong antigens, except for Orthopoxvirus

False

Poxvirus are a strong antigen, except for Parapoxvirus

True

Serological cross-reactions exist between certain poxvirus species

True

Poxviruses usually propagate in epithelial cells of the skin and mucosal surface

True

Orthopox viruses are strong antigens

True

Parapoxviruses are strong antigens

False

Avipox viruses can cause fever and rash in children (chickenpox)

False

Poxviruses usually induce cell proliferation in epithelial cells of the skin and mucosal surfaces

True

Orthopoxviruses cause long-lasting immunity

True

Cowpoxvirus virus can infect rodents

True

Cowpox causes a pockmark after Infection F

False

Cowpox virus is a zoonotic agent

True

People are susceptible to cowpox virus infection

True

Cowpox is closely related to smallpox virus

True

Cowpox virus is frequently present in rodents

True

Cowpox can cause lesions in humans

True

Skin nodules and ulcers can be signs of cowpox infection in cats

True

Skin lesions may be seen in cats after Cowpox virus infection

True

In cattle, Cowpox lesions are usually seen on the teats

True

Rodents are reservoir hosts of the cowpox virus

True

Cowpox virus frequently causes abortions and encephalitis of calves

False

Cowpox virus can cause milker ́s nodules in humans

True

Cowpox virus frequently cause transplacental infection and immunotolerance

False

The Cowpox virus infection is prevented by regular vaccination in endemic countries

False

In cattle the Cowpox infection is mostly fatal

False

Recovering from Cowpox leaves lifelong immunity

False

Cowpox virus is most frequently present in rodents

True

Cowpox virus may cause a generalized infection in elephants

True

Cowpox virus can infect wild animals

True

Pseudocowpox virus is closely related to smallpox virus

False

Pseudocowpox virus can infect cats

False

Pseudocowpox spreads slowly on a farm

True

Pseudocowpox virus usually causes nodules on face of infected cats

False

Reinfection can happen in the case of pseudocowpox virus

True

Pseudocowpox causes a pockmark after infection

False

Pseudocowpox virus usually causes itchy red nodules on the face of infected person

False

Pseudocowpox virus can cause itchy red nodules on the finnger of infected person

True

Pseudocowpox does not cause a milkers nodule

False

Pseudocowpox is a zoonotic agent

True

People are susceptible to pseudocowpox infection

True

Pseudocowpox infections result a long lasting immunity

False

In cattle, Pseudo-cowpox lesions are usually seen on the teats

True

Pseudo-cowpox can cause Pseudo-lumpy skin disease in cats

False

In cattle Pseudopox lesions are usually mild and transient

True

Recovering from Pseudo-cowpox leaves/results in lifelong immunity

False

Pseudo-cowpox virus only infects cloven-hoofed animals

False

Pseudo-cowpox infections may be present in humans

True

Bovine papular stomatitis virus can frequently cause coinfection with BVDV

True

Bovine papular stomatitis virus can frequently cause coinfection with herpes mamillitis virus

False

Vaccination against bovine popular stomatitis provides life-long immunity

False

Bovine Papular Stomatitis virus causes vesicles in the oral cavity and hoofs of cattle

False

Calves should be vaccinated against Bovine Papular Stomatitis

False

Bovine Papular Stomatitis can cause skin lesions in humans

True

Bovine Papular Stomatitis is frequently seasonal

True

Bovine Papular Stomatitis is caused by a Parapoxvirus

True

Lumpy skin disease is an OIE-listed disease

True

The mortality of lumpy skin disease is high (above 80%)

False

In lumpy skin disease the fertility is good

False

In lumpy skin disease the direct contact is very important

False

In lumpy skin disease the arthropods as mechanical vectors are very important

True

The mortality of lumpy skin disease is less than 30%

False

The milk production is increased in lumpy skin disease

False

Ruminants are susceptible to the lumpy skin disease virus

True

The lumpy skin disease is only present in Africa

False

Lumpy skin disease causes high mortality in cattle

False

Arthropods play an important role in the transmission of lumpy skin disease virus

True

Lumpy Skin Disease virus is mostly transmitted by insects

True

Generalized Lumpy Skin Disease may cause abortion

True

Attenuated vaccines are available against lumpy skin disease

True

Lumpy skin disease is present only in Asia

False

Lumpy skin disease is a notifiable disease

True

Attenuated vaccines are available against Lumpy Skin Disease in endemic countries

True

Lumpy Skin Disease results high mortality

False

Lumpy Skin Disease is caused by Parapoxviruses

False

Generalization is frequent in lumpy skin disease virus infections

False

Lumpy skin diseases virus replicates in the epithelial cells

True

The contagious pustular dermatitis can cause pneumonia

False

The virus of contagious pustular dermatitis is same as orf

True

Contagious pustular dermatitis can cause painful papules in the mouth

True

The contagious pustular dermatitis is common in young lambs

True

Contagious pustular dermatitis is a zoonotic disease

True

The contagious pustular dermatitis virus is related to goatpox virus

False

The contagious pustular dermatitis virus is related to pseudocowpox virus

True

Contagious pustular dermatitis virus can infect goat

True

The contagious pustular dermatitis can cause lameness

True

Contagious pustular dermatitis virus can infect cows

False

The orf virus is same as pseudocowpox

False

The contagious pustular dermatitis is common in young lambs

True

Contagious pustular dermatitis (orf) virus causes skin lesions in pigs

False

Contagious pustular dermatitis is often deadly at any age

False

Virulent virus vaccines may be used for immunization against Contagious Pustular Dermatitis of sheep (Orf)

True

Contagious pustular dermatitis virus may survive in the environment for ages

True

Vaccination against contagious pustular dermatitis virus provides lifelong protection

False

The Orf virus is a zoonotic agent.

True

The Orf virus is very resistant in the environment

True

Contagious Pustular Dermatitis can only be seen on the teats of ewes

False

Inactivated vaccines are used against Contagious Pustular Dermatitis

False

Strong crustation is frequent in Contagious Pustular Dermatitis

True

Orf is a rare disease of sheep flocks and cattle herds

False

Orf affects sheep flocks and goat herds, mainly young lambs and kids

True

Neonatal lambs are susceptible to Orf, as they have no maternal immunity

True

Lesions due to Orf, typically appear on the muco-cutaneous junction

True

Sheep pox virus is a zoonotic agent

False

Sheep and goatpox are OIE listed diseases

True

Sheep and goat poxvirus can cause generalisation, mainly in sheep

True

A clinical sign of sheeppox can be horseshoe shaped pockmarks on the wool covered body

False

Vaccines against sheep poxvirus are widely used in Europe

False

A clinical sign of sheep pox can be the mucopurulent nasal discharge

True

The sheep and goatpox occur in Asia

True

Capripoxviruses cause long-lasting immunity

True

A clinical sign of sheep pox can be the swollen eyelid

True

The sheep and goatpox occurs worldwide

False

Sheep and goat poxviruses are mainly taken through the oral route

False

The sheep and goat poxvirus is mainly spread by mosquitos

False

Clinical signs of sheep and goatpox are seen only at site of the primer replication

False

Goat pox virus is a zoonotic agent

False

Vaccines against sheep poxvirus are widely used in Africa

True

Sheep pox and goat pox viruses are very resistant in the environment

True

Sheep pox virus can cause skin lesions in humans

False

Arthropods play an important role in the transmission of sheeppox virus

False

Sheep pox virus infects mostly through inhalation

True

Sheep and goat pox are endemic in Europe

False

Sheep pox is deadly for young susceptible lambs

True

The usual way of infection by sheep or goat pox is inhalation

True

Sheep pox virus can cause respiratory signs and abortion

True

Sheep – and goat pox are enzootic in Europe

False

Sheep pox virus infections frequently generalize

True

Sheep – and goat pox virus is transmitted only vertically

False

Vaccines are available against Sheep pox in endemic areas

True

Sheep and goat pox are transmitted by infected animals and fomites

True

Sheep pox is a generalized disease with fever

True

Sheep pox results high mortality in susceptible lambs

True

Sheep and goat pox are endemic in Africa

True

Swinepox virus can infect cattle

False

The clinical signs of swinepox can be skin eruptions, red inflamed bumps

True

Suipoxviruses cause long lasting immunity

True

The swinepox is always generalised

False

Swinepox virus is a zoonotic agent

False

The swinepox virus is present worldwide

True

The swine pox virus causes clinical signs in case of bad hygienic conditions

True

Arthropods play an important role in the transmission of swine pox virus

True

Swinepox virus can infection swine at every age

True

Swine Pox is frequently generalized in adult pigs

False

Swine pox is usually a benign disease transmitted mainly by ectoparasites

True

Swine pox is usually a benign disease, but mortality may occur in piglets

True

Swine pox virus frequently causes interstitial pneumonia

False

Swinepox virus can be vectored by fleas and lice

True

Swine pox virus can cause respiratory signs and abortion

False

Only pigs are susceptible to Swine pox

True

Swine pox is frequently generalized in adult pigs

False

Swine poxvirus infection gives lifelong immunity

True

Swine poxviruses affects only pigs and grows only on porcine tissue

True

Swine poxvirus infection can be transmitted by arthropods.

True

Swine poxvirus infection might cause death in newborns

True

The swinepox virus causes high economic losses

False

Myxomatosis is a zoonotic disease

False

Myxomatosis causes frequently serious clinical signs and high losses in Lepus europeus

False

A clinical sign of myxomatosis is the lion head

True

A clinical sign of myxomatosis is the swollen belly

False

The myxomatosis virus can be present in green fodder and mosquitoes

True

Myxomatosis is not present in America

False

Mosquito net can always prevent the myxomatosis

False

Late summer is the best period to vaccinate rabbits against myxomatosis

False

The attenuated myxomatosis virus has replaced the virulent virus in England

True

The attenuated myxomatosis virus has replaced the virulent virus in France

False

Myxomatosis causes seriously clinical signs in European Rabbits

True

Myxomatosis causes serious clinical signs in cotton-tail rabbits

False

Myxomatosis is present in Australia

True

Conjunctivitis can be a sign of atypical myxomatosis

True

Subcutaneous swellings are frequent signs of myxomatosis

True

Attenuated vaccines are available against myxomatosis

True

Myxomatosis is only found in Australia

False

Respiratory signs can be seen in atypical forms of myxomatosis

True

The European brown hare is not susceptible to myxoma virus

True

Myxomatosis is mostly seasonal

True

There are no vaccines available against Myxomatosis

False

Arthropods play an important role in the transmission of Myxoma virus

True

Virulent strains of the myxoma virus are only present in Australia

False

Myxomatosis virus causes high morbidity and mortality in hares

False

The European brown hare may be asymptomatic carrier of the Myxomatosis virus

True

Conjunctivitis is characteristic in the early phase of Myxomatosis

True

Tumour formation in the parenchymal organs is typical of Myxomatosis

False

Virulent strains of the Myxoma virus are persisting in wild rabbits

True

The nodular form of Myxomatosis is caused by strains of lower virulence

True

Two Myxomatosis serotypes are known

True

Several levels of virulence can be seen in Myxomatosis strains in Europe

True

Myxomatosis may result in over 90% mortality, in susceptible animals

True

Myxomatosis virus spread out to the world from China

False

The atypical form of Myxomatosis frequently appears with respiratory signs

True

Only domestic rabbits are susceptible to Myxomatosis

False

Typical form of Myxomatosis presents with gelatinous swellings, “lion head” and cold-like symptoms

True

Conjunctival or respiratory form of Myxomatosis are atypical

True

Myxomatosis causes benign localized skin lesion in cotton tail rabbits

True

Myxomatosis causes no viraemia in cotton tail rabbits

True

Avian poxviruses always cause cross immunity

False

Fowlpox is a zoonotic disease

False

The serious form of the fowlpox is the cutaneous form

False

The serious form of the fowlpox is the diphtheric form

True

Fowlpox virus cause long lasting immunity

False

Fowlpox virus can infection only chicken

False

The diphtheritic form of fowlpox is usually less severe than the cutaneous

False

Heterologous viruses of avian pox frequently cause generalization

False

Fowl pox viruses cause generalized diseases in seals

False

Avian pox viruses are frequently transmitted by insects

True

The mucosal form of Fowl pox is benign

False

Arthropods play an important role in the transmission of Fowl pox virus

True

The diphteric (wet) form of Fowl pox develops after viraemia and generalized infection

True

Attenuated vaccines are available against Fowl pox

True

Signs of cutaneous Fowl pox are usually seen on the head (comb, eyelids) of chicken

True

Pathological lesions of mucosal fowl pox can be similar to Infectious Laryngotracheitis

True

Only inactivated vaccines can be used for prevention against fowl pox

False

Fowlpox is eradicated from most of the European countries

False

Fowlpox virus causes only transient skin lesions in chicken

True

The diphteric (wet) form of Fowlpox causes lesions on the mucous membranes

True

Attenuated vaccines are forbidden to be used against Fowlpox

False

Avian pox viruses are species specific

False

The cutaneous form of Fowl pox is benign

True

Herpes, Pox Flashcards

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