Arterial Blood Gases

Question 1

Buffers that controlled the pH

Answer 1

Haemoglobin
Bicarbonate
Ammonium
Phosphate

Question 2

When you’ve got too much H+, lungs

Answer 2

blow

off CO2

Question 3

When you can’t blow off CO2, kidneys try to

Answer 3

get rid of H+

Question 4

Is the difference in concentration of oxygen

between the Alveolus (A) and the artery (a)

Answer 4

A-a Gradient

Question 5

Normal A-a gradient

Answer 5

<3

Question 6

Formula for A-a gradient

Answer 6

PAO2 – (PaO2 + PaCO2/0.8)

Question 7

A process causing excess acid to be present in the blood.

Answer 7

acidosis

Question 8

A process causing excess base to be present in the blood.

Answer 8

alkalosis

Question 9

When the pCO2 is >45 is

Answer 9

respiratory acidosis

Question 10

When the pCO2 is <35 is

Answer 10

respiratory alkalosis

Question 11

When the HCO3 is <22 mols/l is

Answer 11

metabolic acidosis

Question 12

When the HCO3 is >26 mols/l is

Answer 12

metabolic alkalosis

Question 13

____ changes are related to respiratory changes

Answer 13

CO2

Question 14

____ changes relate to metabolic changes

Answer 14

HCO3

Question 15

Respiratory compensation is

Answer 15

rapid

Question 16

Metabolic compensation is

Answer 16

slow

Question 17

Any cause of hypoventilation

Answer 17

CNS depression
Neuromuscular disease
—Acute or chronic lung disease — 
Cardiac arrest
—Ventilator malfunction

Question 18

Any cause of hyperventilation

Answer 18

Hypoxia
—Acute lung conditions — Anxiety
Fever
—Pregnancy
—Hepatic failure
—Some central CNS lesions

Question 19

Normal value of pH

Answer 19

7.35-7.45

Question 20

Normal value of PO2

Answer 20

90-95

Question 21

Normal value of pCO2

Answer 21

35-45

Question 22

Normal value of HCO3

Answer 22

20-25

Question 23

____ is the difference between the measured positive and negatively charged ions.

Answer 23

Anion Gap

Question 24

Normal anion gap

Answer 24

10-18