Nutrition in surgery

Question 1

One g carbohydrate provides about ____, whereas 1 g fat provides about ____.

Answer 1

3.4 KCal

9 KCal

Question 2

An average adult needs

Answer 2

30–35 KCal/Kg/day

Question 3

Daily requirement of Water

Answer 3

30- 70 ml/kg

Question 4

Daily requirement of calories

Answer 4

50 - 70 kcal/kg

Question 5

Daily requirement of protein

Answer 5

1.5- 2.0 gm/kg

Question 6

Daily requirement of sodium

Answer 6

0.9 - 1.2

Question 7

Daily requirement of potasium

Answer 7

0.7-0.9 mmol/kg

Question 8

Contraindications of enteral feed

Answer 8

• Intractable vomiting/ diarrhoea
• Paralytic ileus
• GI Obstruction
• Diffuse peritonitis
• Severe GI haemorrhage, GI malabsorption
• Short bowel syndrome(<100cm)
• Severe shock
• Distal high output fistula

Question 9

Defined as infusion of a nutrient hyperosmolar solution containing carbohydrates, proteins, fat, and other essential nutrients through an intravenous route delivered via an indwelling intravenous catheter.

Answer 9

parental nutrition

Question 10

Mention examples of enteral nutrition

Answer 10

Oral supplements
Nasogastric
Jejunostomy
Gastrostomy

Question 11

Mention examples of parenteral nutrition

Answer 11

intravenous (peripheral, central)

Question 12

Complications GI of a tube

Answer 12

• Diarrhea
• Bloating, Nausea, Vomiting
• Abdominal cramps, Aspiration
• Constipation

Question 13

Complications metabolic of a tube

Answer 13

• Electrolyte disorder
• Vitamin, Mineral, Trace element deficiency
• Drug interactions

Question 14

Advantages of enteral feeds

Answer 14

• Preserves immunologic function of gut
• Increased compliance with intake
• Costs less than parenteral nutrition
• Intake easily/accurately monitored