IV infussions

Question 1

Achieve and maintain a euvolemic and isotonic hydrobalance is the goal of ____________

Answer 1

intravenous fluid administration

Question 2

The selections of an appropriate IV solution is dependent:

Answer 2

The fluid volume

Electrolyte status

Question 3

Body water is divided in

Answer 3

Extracellular (33%)

Intracellular (66%)

Question 4

The extracellular body water is divided in

Answer 4

Intersticial (25%)

Plasma (8%)

Question 5

Examples of external losses GI:

Answer 5

Vomiting, diarrhea,

fistulas, ostomies.

Question 6

Examples of external losses third space:

Answer 6

Pancreatitis, peritonitis, small bowel obstruction, rhabdomyolisis, burns, postoperative period.

Question 7

Examples of renal losses

Answer 7

Diuretic
Osmotic diuresis
Mineralocorticoid deficiencies

Question 8

Decreased TBW and Na ; relatively greater decrease in TBW

Answer 8

Hypernatremia with Hypovolemia

Question 9

Relatively decreased TBW ; increased Total body Na. Inability to access free water, patients on tube feeding

Answer 9

Hypernatremia with Euvolemia

Question 10

Increased TBW; greater increase in Na.

Answer 10

Hypernatremia with hypervolemia

Question 11

Types of solutions

Answer 11

Isotonic
Hypotonic
Hypertonic

Question 12

A solution that has the same salt concentration as the normal cells of the body and the blood.

Answer 12

Isotonic solution

Question 13

Examples of isotonic solutions (crystaloids)

Answer 13

0.9% NaCl
Ringer Lactate
Hartmann

Question 14

Normal osmotic of the body

Answer 14

280-300 mOsm/L

Question 15

A solution with a lower salts concentration than in normal cells of the body and the blood.

Answer 15

Hypotonic solution

Question 16

Examples of hypotonic solutions

Answer 16

0. 45% NaCl

0. 33% NaCl

Question 17

A solution with a higher salts concentration than in normal cells of the body and the blood.

Answer 17

hypertonic solution

Question 18

Examples of hypertonic solutions

Answer 18

D5W in normal (5gr glucose/100 ml) 5%
Saline solution
D10W. (10 gr glucose/100 ml) 10%

Question 19

Categories of intravenous solutions according to their purpose:

Answer 19

Nutrient solutions
Electrolyte solutions.
Volume expanders.

Question 20

Fluids that consist of water and dissolved crystals, such as salts and sugar. Used as maintenance fluids to correct body fluids and electrolyte deficit

Answer 20

Electrolyte solutions

Question 21

Hartman solutions contain

Answer 21

sodium, chloride, potassium, and calcium.

Question 22

Ringer lactated contain

Answer 22

sodium, chloride, potassium ,calcium and lactate

Question 23

Are used to increase the blood volume following severe loss of blood (haemorrhage) or loss of plasma ( severe burns).

Answer 23

Volumen expanders

Question 24

_________ is a form of nutritional support that supplies protein, carbohydrate, fat, electrolytes , vitamins, minerals, and fluids via the IV route to meet the metabolic functioning of the body.

Answer 24

Parenteral nutrition

Question 25

How much solution do we have to administer to a young patient?

Answer 25

30-40 ml/kg/day

Question 26

How much solution do we have to administer to an elderly patient?

Answer 26

20-30 ml/kg/day

Question 27

Methods of IV infusion

Answer 27

Bolus
Intermittent
Continuous