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Articulation Flashcards

0
Q

What is the study of articulation?

A

Anthropology

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1
Q

What is a place of contact between bone & bone, bone & cartilage, bones & teeth?

A

Joint/ Articulation

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2
Q

What is the relationship between mobility and stability of a joint?

A

+MOBILITY=-STABILITY

-MOBILITY=+STABILITY

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3
Q

What are the 3 structural categories of joints?

A
  • fibrous
  • cartilaginous joints
  • synovial joints
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4
Q

What type of joint is made of dense irregular synarthrosis CT?

A

Fibrous joint

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5
Q

Name the 3 different types of fibrous joints

A
  • Gomphoses
  • Sutures
  • Syndesmoses
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6
Q

What membrane holds teeth in place? What joint is that a part of?

A
  • Periodontal membrane.

- gomphoses

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7
Q

What type of joint is immobile?

A

Synarthrosis

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8
Q

What type of joint is slightly mobile?

A

Amphiarthrosis

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9
Q

What type of joint is completely mobile?

A

Diarthosis

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10
Q

What type of fibrous joint holds skull bones together and morph with age?

A

Sutures

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11
Q

What are fused sutures called?

A

synostoses

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12
Q

What fibrous joint is amphiarthroses interosseous membrane between bones?
EX) radius & ulna, tibia & fibula

A

Syndesmoses

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13
Q

What joint holds the sides of bones together?

A

interosseous membrane (interosseous ligaments)

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14
Q

What joint is held together by cartilage?

A

Cartilaginous joint

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15
Q

What are the 2 types of cartilaginous joints?

A
  • Synchondroses

- Symphyses

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16
Q

What joint is made out of synarthrosis hyaline cartilage? Where can it be located?

A 
Synchondroses. 
Ex) immature/child skeleton
Ex) Epiphyseal plate
Ex) sphenoid & basilar part of occipital
Ex) first sternocostal joint
Ex) costochondral joints
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17
Q

What joint is between ribs &

differ from articulation between ribs 2-7 (synovial joint)

A

Synchondroses costochondral joints

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18
Q

What amphiarthroses fibrocartilagenous joint resist tension & stress between articulating bone means growing together ?
Where is it located?

A
  • Symphyses

- Ex) intervertebral discs, pubic symphysis

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19
Q

What diarthrosis articular cartilage separates joint cavities?

A

Synovial joints

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20
Q

What small space hold synovial fluid?

A

Joint cavity

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21
Q

What is the main function of synovial joints?

A

Fluid-Filled cavities prevent friction between articulating surfaces

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22
Q

Name the 3 functional differences of joints

A
  • Synarthrosis
  • Amphiarthroses
  • Diarthrosis
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23
Q

What is synovial fluid?

A

synovia: viscid lubricating fluid secreted by the membrane lining joints and tendon sheaths etc.

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24
What random fibrous synovial membrane sack hold synovial fluid & reduces friction?
Bursa (purse)
25
What are the 7 features of synovial joints?
1) Articular Capsule 2) Joint Cavity 3) Synovial Fluid 4) Articular Cartilage 5) Ligaments 6) Nerves 7) Blood
26
What is the weakest part of a skeleton?
Joints
27
What joints get injured more easily?
Loosely fitted joints
28
What joints are the strongest?
Tightly fitted joints
29
How do we classify the structure of a joint?
Based on binding materials holding joint together (CT & Spaces)
30
How do we classify the function of a joint?
Based on type of movment allowed
31
What type of joint is most immovable?
Gomphoses Fibrous Joint
32
What are Synchondroses Cartilaginous Joints made of?
Hyaline Cartilage
33
What is the function of Synovial Joints?
Diarthrosis
34
What cartilage are Synovial Joints composed of?
Articular Cartilage (Hyaline)
35
What elongated bursa relieves stressed tendons? | (wrist, hand, fingers, ankle)
Tendon Sheath of Synovial Joint
36
What do tendons do?
Help stabilize joint
37
What is the basic structure of synovial joints?
Outer: Dense Irredular CT Inner: Loose CT (synovial membrane)
38
What small space holds synovial fluid in a synovial joint?
Joint cavity (articular cavity)
39
What periphery of synovial joint protects and fills in spaces when gap opens as joint is moved? "bubble wrap"
Fat Pad
40
What type of movement moves a synovial joint on 1 axis?
Uniaxial
41
What type of movement moves a synovial joint on 2 axis?
Biaxial
42
What type of movement moves a synovial joint on multiple axis?
Multiaxial
43
What type of moving joint do intercarpals & intertarsal, hamate & Triquetrum have?
Planar (Gliding) Joint | uniaxial
44
What uniaxial, articulating, synovial joint fits into articulting depressions? Where are they located?
Hinge Joint | EX) trochlea of humerus
45
What uniaxial, synovial joint rotates the dens of axis on vertebrae?
Pivot Joint | EX) head of radius & radial notch. atlas & axis
46
What biaxial synovial joint moves by an oval fitting into an articulating depression? EX) Jaw. scaphoid & lunate w/ radius
Condyloid Joints
47
What multiaxial synovial joint does the ball of femur in acetabulum represent?
Ball-and-socket joint
48
What extension goes beyond 180 degrees?
Hyperextension
49
What "stretching out" motion INCREASES angle between articulating bones?
Extension
50
What motion DECREASES angle between articulating bones?
Flexion
51
What movement moves the trunk side-to-side?
Lateral Flexion
52
What movement involves a part "moving away" from the midline?
Abduction
53
What movement involves a part "moving towards" the midline?
Adduction
54
What movement does the shoulder "drawing a cone" represent?
Circumduction
55
What rotation does the head & neck make when it moves away from the median?
Lateral Rotation: (external rotation)
56
What rotation do the hands make when in anatomical position?
Supination
57
What rotation does the head make when moving towards the median?
Medial Rotation: (internal rotation)
58
What position do the hands make with palms flat facing back?
Pronation
59
What movement do the shoulders make when relaxed?
Depression
60
What movement do the shoulders make when raised?
Elevation
61
What movement does the ball of foot & toes make when the ankle moves foot up?
Dorsiflexion
62
What movement do the ball of foot & toes make when the foot moves down?
Plantar Flexion
63
What movement happens when the ankle rotates in?
Inversion
64
What movement does the foot make when rotating out?
Eversion
65
What movement involves the head moving forward?
Protraction
66
What movement involves the head moving backwards?
Retraction
67
What movement do the thumb and pink make when they cross? (Boyscouts)
Opposition
68
What synovial joint is located between the mandible and mandibular fossa of the temporal bone?
Temporomandibular Joints
69
What type of movements do the Temporomandibular Joints (TMJ) make?
gliding, hinge, pivot
70
What type of synovial joint lies I between each vertebrae of the spinal column?
Intervertebral discs
71
What synovial joint connects the Manubrium of Sternum>Sternal End of Clavicle? What type of joint is it?
Sternoclavicular Joints | saddle-joint
72
What shallow joint separates Head of Humerus> Glenoid Cavity of scapula? What type of joint is this?
Glenohumeral (shoulder) Joints | Type: Ball-and-socket
73
What synovial joint is located at the wrist?
Radiocarpal Joint
74
What type of movement can the hip joint make?
flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, rotation, circumduction
75
What prevents hyperflexion of knee & displacement of tibia?
posterior curicate ligament (PCL)
76
What part of the knee sperates posterior femur>anterior tibia and Prevents hyperextension?
anterior curicate ligament: (ACL)
77
What type of joint is the Talocural (ankle) joint?
Hinge joint
78
What is the largest diarthrosis/ hinge joint?
Knee joint
79
What type of movement does the glenohumeral joint?
flexion, extension, abdution, adduction

Anatomy (10 decks)

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