Articulations

Question 1

define articulation

Answer 1

where bones meet

Question 2

what does the prefix osteo- mean

Answer 2

bone

Question 3

what does the prefix anthro- mean

Answer 3

joint

Question 4

what does the prefix chondro- mean

Answer 4

cartilage

Question 5

what does the prefix syn- mean

Answer 5

together

Question 6

what does the prefix amphi- mean

Answer 6

slight

Question 7

what does the prefix dia- mean

Answer 7

through

Question 8

how can joints be classified

Answer 8

structurally and functionally

Question 9

what is a synostosis

Answer 9

when fibrous connective tissue becomes bony with time

Question 10

what is a synchondrosis

Answer 10

places where bone comes together with a cartilage structure

ex: anterior end of rib and coastal cartilage of thoracic cage

Question 11

what are the 3 functional classifications of joints

Answer 11

synarthrosis
amphiarthrosis
diarthrosis

Question 12

what is synarthrosis

Answer 12

joint with no movement

Question 13

what are examples of synarthrosis

Answer 13

sutures, gomphosis (teeth socket), synchondrosis, synostosis

Question 14

what is amphiarthrosis

Answer 14

joint with slight movement

Question 15

what are examples of amphiarthrosis

Answer 15

symphysis pubis
syndesmosis (distal tibia-fibula)

Question 16

what is diarthrosis

Answer 16

freely moving joint

Question 17

what are examples of diarthrotic joints

Answer 17

most joints:

elbow, knee
interphalangeal joints
shoulder, hip

Question 18

Joints are classified functionally, based on ________________

Answer 18

the amount of movement that is possible at the joint

Question 19

if there is no movement at the joint, how is it defined functionally

Answer 19

it is a synarthrosis

Question 20

if there is slight movement at the joint, how is it defined functionally

Answer 20

it is amphiarthrosis

Question 21

if there is free movement at the joint, how is it defined functionally

Answer 21

diarthrotic

Question 22

what are the 3 structural classifications of joints

Answer 22

fibrous tissue
cartilaginous tissue
synovial joints

Question 23

what are examples of fibrous tissue joints

Answer 23

sutures
gomphosis
syndesmosis

Question 24

what are examples of cartilaginous tissue joints

Answer 24

symphysis (fibrocartilage)
epiphyseal plate (hyaline cartilage)

Question 25

T/F The symphysis pubis and intervertebral articulations are symphyses

Answer 25

True

Question 26

Y/N synovial joints are not always diarthrotic joints

Answer 26

N

Question 27

___________ joints are always diarthrotic joints and contain synovial fluid between the articulating bones

Answer 27

synovial joints

Question 28

there are three possible tissues that could be found between bones: fibrous tissue, cartilage, or synovial fluid. what type of classification is this

Answer 28

structural this is what it is made of in between the bones

Question 29

joints can be classified _______________ based on the amount of movement that is possible at the joint.

Answer 29

functionally

Question 30

most joints of the appendicular skeleton are __________

Answer 30

diarthroses

Question 31

what are the parts to a synovial joint

Answer 31

fibrous capsule synovial fluid synovial membrane articular cartilage

Question 32

the fibrous capsule contains ____________________tissue

Answer 32

dense fibrous connective tissue

Question 33

what are the components of synovial fluid

Answer 33

hyaluronic acid lubricin proteinase collagenases prostaglandins

Question 34

what is the purpose of synovial fluid

Answer 34

to prevent friction between bones, ligaments, and tendons and add lubrication

Question 35

what is a synovial membrane

Answer 35

a membrane that secretes synovial fluid to aid in preventing friction and add lubrication

Question 36

what are the structural components of the synovial membrane

Answer 36

scattered cells on top of areolar tissue

Question 37

how does the structure of synovial membranes differ from other membranes

Answer 37

synovial membranes scattered cells and areolar tissue while most other tissues consist of epithelial tissue

Question 38

name places where synovial membranes are found in the body

Answer 38

at the bursae at the tendon sheaths at diarthrotic joints

Question 39

what is the function of the bursae

Answer 39

membrane bound pockets filled with synovial fluid to prevent friction is a cushion

Question 40

what is the singular version of bursae

Answer 40

bursa

Question 41

what is the function of a tendon sheath

Answer 41

it is an extended bursa that wraps around a tendon to allow tendon to move with ease without excess friction

Question 42

are all synovial joints diarthrotic

Answer 42

yes

Question 43

are all diarthrotic joints synovial

Answer 43

yes

Question 44

what factors affect the degree of movement at a joint

Answer 44

soft tissue shapes of condyles ligaments

Question 45

what does the angular motion "flexion" do

Answer 45

Decrease the angle of a joint

Question 46

what does the angular motion "extension" do

Answer 46

closing of a joint back to neutral Increase the degree of the joint back to normal

Question 47

what does the angular motion "abduction" do

Answer 47

away from the midline

Question 48

what does the angular motion "adduction" do

Answer 48

adding it to the midline adding it to the body

Question 49

what does the angular motion "circumdition" do

Answer 49

making of circles circular motions

Question 50

what does the angular motion "rotation" do

Answer 50

moving left and right only lets you finger say no

Question 51

what does a gliding joint allow

Answer 51

flat surfaces rubbing side to side

Question 52

what is another name for a gliding joint

Answer 52

plane joint

Question 53

what does a pivot joint allow

Answer 53

allows rotation

Question 54

what does a hinge joint allow

Answer 54

allows flexion and extension

Question 55

what does a ball-and-socket joint allow

Answer 55

allows flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, circumduction and rotation

Question 56

what does an ellipsoid joint allow

Answer 56

allows flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and circumdition

Question 57

what is another name for an ellipsoid joint

Answer 57

condyloid joint

Question 58

what does a saddle joint joint allow

Answer 58

allows flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, circumduction, and opposition

Question 59

T/F the modified hinge joint of the knee is made by the articulation of the tibia with the femur. in addition, the patella protects the knee joint and plays a role in knee extension.

Answer 59

T

Question 60

what is a meniscus

Answer 60

a cushion that protects the knee joint from pressure and friction

Question 61

what type of cartilage is found in the menisci

Answer 61

fibrocartilage