asch

Question 1

what is the asch effect

Answer 1

the extent to which ppts conform even when the situation is unambiguous

Question 2

in interview, why did most ppts conform

Answer 2

to avoid rejection

Question 3

what were aschs variations

Answer 3

1. group size
2. unanimity
3. task difficulty

Question 4

what is group size condition

Answer 4

asch altered group size and number of confeds. conformity increased with group size but only to a point

Question 5

percentage group size asch

Answer 5

1 - 3%
2 - 12.8%
3 - 32% conformity increases to a point and levels off here when group majority is established

Question 6

what is unanimity asch

Answer 6

extent to which all members of a group agree, in aschs original study group unanimous

Question 7

what was conformity unanimity

Answer 7

5-9%

Question 8

how many rules did prisoners have to follow

Answer 8

16

Question 9

how many guards on shift at a time

Answer 9

3

Question 10

how did prisoners riot

Answer 10

rip uniforms and shouted and swore

Question 11

how did guards respond to riot

Answer 11

fire extinguishers

Question 12

what tactic did guards use

Answer 12

divide and rule, pitting against each other

Question 13

feelings of prisoners after riot

Answer 13

depressed, anxious

Question 14

how many ppts milgram

Answer 14

40

Question 15

how many ppts stopped below 300v

Answer 15

none

Question 16

ex of qualitative data milgram

Answer 16

sweating, trembling, stuttering, biting their lips, seizures

Question 17

what % glad participated milgram

Answer 17

84

Question 18

% obedience in run down office

Answer 18

47.5

Question 19

obedience when teacher and leaner in same room

Answer 19

40%

Question 20

obedience in touch proximity condition

Answer 20

30%

Question 21

telephone condition obedience

Answer 21

20.5%

Question 22

what were the 3 proximity conditions

Answer 22

1 same room
2 force hands
3 instructions over telephone

Question 23

location percentage obedience

Answer 23

47.5

Question 24

uniform percentage obedience

Answer 24

20

Question 25

agentic state describes obedience to what kind of authority

Answer 25

destructive

Question 26

what are agents not and what do they feel

Answer 26

they are not puppets, they feel high anxiety (moral strain) but feel powerless to disobey

Question 27

what was adorno also curious about

Answer 27

holocaust

Question 28

what is a dispositional explanation

Answer 28

any explanation of behaviour that highlights the importance of the individuals personality - contrasts with situational explanations

Question 29

how many in adorno study

Answer 29

2000

Question 30

who was adorno study

Answer 30

middle-class, white americans

Question 31

what did f-scale measure

Answer 31

unconscious attitudes towards other racial groups AUTHORITARIAN PERSONALITY

Question 32

ex of f-scale question

Answer 32

obedience and respect for authority are the most important virtues children should learn

Question 33

traits of someone with an authoritarian leaning

Answer 33

- identified with ‘strong’ people and belittled and thought they were above the ‘weak’ - conscious of their own and others status showing excessive respect to those of higher status

Question 34

authoritarian personality cognitive style

Answer 34

no fuzziness between categories of people, fixed and distinct stereotypes about other groups

Question 35

3 authoritarian characteristics

Answer 35

- view everything as very black and white, right or wrong. uncomfortable with uncertainty - extreme respect and submissiveness to authority - view society as going ‘to the dogs’ and believe we need strong leaders to restore traditional values

Question 36

origin of authoritarian personality

Answer 36

harsh parenting

Question 37

what characterises harsh parenting

Answer 37

- expectation of high loyalty - high standards - conditional love

Question 38

what is displaced authoritarian onto who? name of process

Answer 38

resentment and hostility onto weaker - scapegoating