Assessment 4 - Reproductive system

Question 1

Function of Dartos muscle?

Answer 1

Contract and thicken wall of scrotum (raising temp in cold weather)

Question 2

Name of ducts within testes?

Answer 2

Seminiferous tubules

Question 3

What cells are found in the seminiferous tubules?

Answer 3

Spermatogenic
Sertoli
Interstitial/ Leydig

Question 4

Function of spermatogenic cells?

Answer 4

Divide to produce immature sperm

Question 5

Function of sertoli cells?

Answer 5

Secrete oestrogen and nutrients to prolong survival of sperm

Question 6

Function of interstitial cells?

Answer 6

Produce testosterone?

Question 7

Structure and function of epididymides?

Answer 7

Long coiled tube
Stores sperm & allows it to mature
Transport sperm from testis to vas deferens

Question 8

Function of vas deferens?

Answer 8

Carry sperm from epididymis, via prostate gland, to penile urethra

Question 9

Composition of spermatic cord

Answer 9

Vas deferens
Testicular artery & vein
Testicular nerve
Lymphatic vessels
Cremaster muscle
Layer of peritoneum (protection)

Question 10

Name the accessory glands

Answer 10

Prostate glands
Bulbourethral gland (cats)

Question 11

Function(s) of accessory glands?

Answer 11

Secrete seminal fluid which:
1. Increase vol. of ejaculate 2 aid passage of sperm in2 female tract
2. Aid sperm survival with correct environment
3. Neutralise acidity of urine within eurethra

Question 12

What holds the ovaries in place next to kidneys?

Answer 12

Ovarian ligament

Question 13

Function of infundibulum?

Answer 13

Catches and channels the released ova

Question 14

Location of fallopian tubes?

Answer 14

Connect ovary to uterus

Question 15

Functions of fallopian tubes/ oviduct (3)

Answer 15

Collect ova from ovary

Transport ova to uterine horn

Good environment for sperm & ova

Question 16

What lines the fallopian tubes?

Answer 16

Cilia

Question 17

General uterus structure

Answer 17

Y shaped
Rich blood supply
2 arms = uterine horns
Main stem = uterine body
Location: dorsal abdomen

Question 18

Layers of the wall of the uterus

Answer 18

Endometrium, myometrium and mesometrium/broad ligament

Question 19

Function of endometrium?

Answer 19

Provide nutrition for embryo before placenta forms

Question 20

What is found in the endometrium?

Answer 20

Columnar mucous membrane
Glandular tissue
Blood vessels

Question 21

What happens to endometrium during pregnancy?

Answer 21

Thickens

Question 22

What is found in myometrium?

Answer 22

Smooth muscle layers

Question 23

Function of myometrium and its smooth muscles?

Answer 23

Contraction during parturition

Question 24

Function of uterine milk?

Answer 24

Provide nourishment for zygote

Question 25

What is the cervix?

Answer 25

Thick walled muscular sphincter

Question 26

Apart from muscles, what else is in cervix?

Answer 26

Cartilage

Question 27

What normally blocks the cervix?

Answer 27

Mucoid plug

Question 28

What is the purpose of mucoid plug?

Answer 28

Reduce risk of infection in uterus

Question 29

When does cervix relax?

Answer 29

Passage of sperm Passage of foetus (parturition)

Question 30

Where does sperm go before heading to fallopian tubes?

Answer 30

Vagina

Question 31

Vaginal wall is well developed with...

Answer 31

muscle

Question 32

Why does the vaginal wall have muscle structure?

Answer 32

To help with the tie process

Question 33

Vagina extends from ............to ....................

Answer 33

Uterine cervix External urethral orifice

Question 34

Vestibule of vagina extends from ...........................to ..................

Answer 34

External urethral orifice Vulva

Question 35

When is Follicle Stimulating Hormone first released?

Answer 35

Late stage of anoestrus

Question 36

Function of FSH? (2)

Answer 36

Travel to ovary Growth of immature egg

Question 37

What hormone does the follicle produce?

Answer 37

Oestrogen

Question 38

What is the function of prostaglandin?

Answer 38

Uterine contractions

Question 39

What secretes prostaglandin?

Answer 39

Uterus

Question 40

What is the function of prolactin? (2)

Answer 40

Mammary gland (growth) Milk production

Question 41

Where is prolactin secreted?

Answer 41

Pituitary gland

Question 42

Function of follicle stimulating hormone in males? And where does it happen?

Answer 42

Development of sperm in seminiferous tubules

Question 43

What is the male 'equivalent' of the Luteinising hormone in males?

Answer 43

Interstitial Cell Stimulating Hormones (ICSH)

Question 44

Location of testes in male dog?

Answer 44

Outside the body cavity in the scrotum between hind limbs

Question 45

Location of testes in male cats?

Answer 45

Outside the body cavity in scrotum, ventral to the anus

Question 46

Reproductive function of the penis?

Answer 46

To transport sperm & seminal fluids from testes into vagina of female

Question 47

Location and function of os penis?

Answer 47

Within the glans penis Helps with insertion of penis into vagina when erection is not yet complete

Question 48

What protects penis from physical trauma?

Answer 48

Prepuce which covers penis

Question 49

Functions of barbs on cat's penis? (4)

Answer 49

Nerve pathway (pain) Message to hypothalamus Pituitary sends luteinising hormone Ovulation

Question 50

Functions of seminal fluid? (4)

Answer 50

Volume of ejaculate Passage of sperm Nourishment Acidity neutraliser

Question 51

2 functions of ovaries?

Answer 51

Ova production Progesterone & oestrogen prod.

Question 52

Function of ovarian ligament

Answer 52

Hold ovary adjacent to kidney

Question 53

Function of ciliated columnar epithelium in fallopian tube?

Answer 53

Propel ova towards uterine horn

Question 54

Function of uterus

Answer 54

Give environment for development of foetus

Question 55

Where are FSH and LH produced?

Answer 55

Anterior Pituitary Gland

Question 56

Where is oestrogen produced?

Answer 56

Developing follicle in ovary

Question 57

Where is progesterone produced?

Answer 57

Corpus lutem in ovaries

Question 58

Where do FSH and LH act? (Females)

Answer 58

Ovaries

Question 59

Where do oestrogen and progesterone act?

Answer 59

Reproductive tract and brain

Question 60

Effects of oestrogen?

Answer 60

Flirt Discharge & swelling Minus FSH Plus LH

Question 61

Effect of FSH? (females)

Answer 61

Stimulates follicles to develop

Question 62

Effect of LH? (females)

Answer 62

Stimulates ovulation Follicle rupture Form corpus luteum (from rest of follicular)

Question 63

Effects of progesterone? (4)

Answer 63

implantation of embryo prep Inhibits release of FSH Mammary tissue development Increase of progesterone & falling oestrogen = female to accept male

Question 64

Where do FSH and LH act on males?

Answer 64

Testes

Question 65

Effect of FSH in males?

Answer 65

Stimulates sperm development

Question 66

Effect of Lh in males?

Answer 66

Stimulates testosterone production by interstitial cells

Question 67

Effects of testosterone? (4)

Answer 67

Increased muscle mass Development of barbs on cat's penis Sex drive/ aggression/ mating & territorial behaviour Development of spermatozoa

Question 68

What influences the reproductive tract during pro-oestrus?

Answer 68

Oestrogen

Question 69

During which phase will the female allow herself to be mated?

Answer 69

Oestrus

Question 70

What inflluences the reproductive tract during metoestrus?

Answer 70

Progesterone

Question 71

During which period is there little or no ovarian activity?

Answer 71

Anoestrus