Assessment Exam II Flashcards
(217 cards)
What is the preferred pathway for the passage of nasal air devices?
Inferior Meatus
What makes up the anterior 2/3rds of the of the mouth?
Hard Palate
What are the subdivisions of the pharyx? Which one gives us the most problems?
- Nasopharynx
- Oropharynx
- Hypopharynx
Oropharynx
What is one of the primary causes of upper airway obstruction during anesthesia?
Loss of pharyngeal muscle tone
What is a common site of airway obstruction in both awake and anesthetized patients?
Velopharynx
What joins the nasal and oral cavaties with the larynx and esophagus?
Pharynx
What counteracts the collapse of the pharyngeal airway?
Chin lift with mouth closure
Where is the end of the cricoid cartilage?
6th cervical vertebra
What are the unpaired laryngeal cartilages?
Thyroid
Cricoid - complete ring
Epiglottis
What are the paired larygneal cartilages?
Arytenoid
Corniculate
Cuneiform
Extends from the inferior cricoid membrane to the carina
Trachea
What is normal tracheal diameter?
10-15 cm
What is more valuable than any test?
History
What are the basic decisions?
Can I ventilate/intubate??
What’s the most predictve factor of a difficult airway?
Previously documented difficult airway
A neck greater than ______ cm indicates a difficult intubation.
43 cm
What’s the preferred inter-incisor distance?
> 6 cm (3 finger breadths)
Less than this is indicative of a difficult airway
What is macroglossia?
enlarged tongue
What teeth are the most frequently injured during endotracheal intubation?
Anterior maxillary central and lateral incisors
What causes negative pressure pulmonary edema?
Pulling enough pressure on the tube by putting it down that it causes pulmonary edema
What is the anatomical position for sniffing position?
Cervical flexion and atlanto-occipital extension
What structures does sniffing position align?
Aligns oral, pharyngeal, and laryngeal axis
Want all three in perfect alignment
What is the perferred distance for sternomental distance?
> 12.5 cm
What are the most common risk factors for ischemic heart disease?
- Age
- Male