atibiotic study guide

Question 1

Drugs that weaken cell walls

Answer 1

 PCNs
 Cephalosporins
 Carbapenems
 Fosfomycin
 Vancomycin

Question 2

Bacteriostatic Inhibitors of Protein Synthesis

Answer 2

 Macrolides
 Tetracyclines
 Ketolides

Question 3

Competitive Antimetabolite in the Synthesis of Folic Acid

Answer 3

Sulfonamides

Question 4

CA-MRSA

Answer 4

Sulfonamides (less effective secondary to resistance):

Question 5

Sulfonamides (less effective secondary to resistance):

Answer 5

PCN

Question 6

Staph (Skin, bone, joint)

Answer 6

Penicillinase Resistant Penicillins (PRPs):

Question 7

Strep and Group A Strep (GAS)

Answer 7

Natural and broad-specturm

Question 8

Β-Lactamase Inhibiting Compounds (BLIC):

Answer 8

respiratory, S. pneumoniae, GAS

Question 9

staph and strep (Gr + activity)

Answer 9

Cephalosporins 1st and 4th generations

Question 10

Cephalsporin 2nd gen

Answer 10

Moderate Gr+ activity

Question 11

Cephlasporin 3rd

Answer 11

more Gram - coverage than Gram + coverage

Question 12

Some Staph, indicated for CA-MRSA

Answer 12

Tetracyclines

Question 13

Staph, poor activity S. pneumonaie

Answer 13

Fluoroquinolones

Question 14

variable activity against Gram + Strep and Staph; some Gram + bacilli (Gut)

Answer 14

Macrolides

Question 15

UTI (growing resistance TMP-SMX), less respiratory coverage secondary to
resistance. Special use Pneumocystis carinii

Answer 15

Sulfonamides

Question 16

Gram – cocci and some Gram –

bacilli (UTI, although growing resistance)

Answer 16

Penicillins Natural

Question 17

: Gram – bacilli, pseudomonas BLIC: Gram + and

Gram –

Answer 17

Extended spectrum (Ticarcillin, Piperacillin)

Question 18

aerobic Gr- (GI/GU); not effective against anaerobes

Answer 18

Fluoroquinolones

Question 19

Some Gram – (Gut). Campylobacter, Legionella Cover Weird Intracellular (atypical):
Chlamydia, Ureaplasma, Mycoplasma

Answer 19

Macrolides

Question 20

Gram - ; limited by side effects Cover weird Intracellular (atypical): Chlamydia,
Ureaplasma, Mycoplasm

Answer 20

Tetracyclines

Question 21

. Decreased Permeability

Answer 21

(e.g., Pseudomonas)

Question 22

Antibiotic Efflux Pump

Answer 22

• (e.g., S. pneumoniae vs. quinolones, macrolides)

Question 23

Drug Inactivation

Answer 23

(e.g., -lactamase from H. influenzae, Staph, E. coli, Klebsiella)

Question 24

Altered Target Site

Answer 24

(e.g., S.pneumoniae (altered PBPs), S. pneumonia vs macrolides (ribosomal methylase), S.
pneumoniae vs quinolones (GyrA, Topo4))

Question 25

Gram +

Answer 25

(SSE) Strep, Staph, Enterococcus – Skin, soft tissue, respiratory

Question 26

Gram -

Answer 26

H. flu, Neisseria, Moraxella – Respiratory, Meningtitis, GU (EKP): E-coli, Klebsiella, Proteus – GU (ESP) Enterobacter, Serratia, Providencia – GI Salmonella, Shigella – GI

Question 27

Atypicals

Answer 27

Chlamydia, Mycoplasm, Legionella – Respiratory, GU

Question 28

Pseudomonas

Answer 28

—Respiratory, other

Question 29

Bacteroides

Answer 29

GI, Respiratory

Question 30

SSE infection site

Answer 30

Skin, soft tissue Respiratory tract GI/GU

Question 31

SSE Treatment

Answer 31

Gr + Action: PCNs, Carbapenems, macrolides, clindamycin, tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones*, cephalosporins* PCNs* Aminoglycosides*, glycopeptides

Question 32

HNM Infection site

Answer 32

AOM, sinusitis, bronchitis Meningitis GU AOM, sinusitis, bronchitis

Question 33

HNM treatment

Answer 33

Gr- action: Macrolides, carbapenems, ketolides, fluoroquinolones, 3/4 cephalosporins,

Question 34

EKP infection site

Answer 34

UTI, GI

Question 35

ESP Infection Site

Answer 35

GI

Question 36

Salmonella, Shingella Infection site

Answer 36

GI

Question 37

EKP treatment

Answer 37

Gr- action:Carbapenems, aminoglycoside fluoroquinolones, 2/3/4 cephalosporins, TMP-SMX

Question 38

ESP Treatment

Answer 38

Stronger Gr- action: Carbapenems, 3/4 cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides

Question 39

Salmonella, Schigella Treatment

Answer 39

TMP-SMS, PCN (Shigella

Question 40

Pseudomonals Infection site

Answer 40

Pneumonia, various

Question 41

Bacterioides infection site

Answer 41

GI, Aspiration Pneumonia

Question 42

Bacteroids treatment

Answer 42

Carbapenems, Clindamycin, Tetracycline

Question 43

Pneumona, various treatment

Answer 43

Aminoglycoside, βlactam,quinolone,3cef

Question 44

Immediate (Most emergent: urticare, angioedema, anaphylaxis)

Answer 44

Type 1

Question 45

Cytotoxic (Activation of the complement cascade: PCNS and Sulfa most common)

Answer 45

Type 2

Question 46

Delayed Immune Complex Reactions (Complement fixation induced and lodged in small blood vessels skin, kidneys, joints: Serum Sickness)

Answer 46

Type 3

Question 47

Cell Mediated Reaction (topical applications; hypersensitivity)

Answer 47

Type 4