atmospheres and weather final exam Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in atmospheres and weather final exam Deck (28)
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1
Q

five layers of the atmosphere

A

troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere,exosphere

2
Q

sphere where biology resides

A

troposphere

3
Q

where planes fly amd protection of UV rays occurs

A

stratosphere

4
Q

where space shuttles can fly

A

thermosphere

5
Q

how is density and pressure affected as one gets closer to space?

A

It decreases due to the thin atmosphere

6
Q

What are the seasons (scientifically)?

A

a function of the earth’s tilt

7
Q

movement of air from one place to another

A

wind

8
Q

which direction does wind move in terms of pressure?

A

warm air will rise due to the low pressure and cold air will sink due to high pressure

9
Q

How does the planetary tilt affect insolation and atmosphere circulation

A

the relative equator can alter the deflection of the coriolis effect causing different winds

10
Q

combination of temperature, pressure, moisture content, wind velocity, and wind direction, short term and day to day

A

weather

11
Q

boundaries between air masses

A

front

12
Q

fronts that hug the ground with steep temperature and pressure gradients , cold dense air flows beneath warmer air; rapid uplift of warm humid air

A

cold front

13
Q

front that moves slowly, pushes cold air as a wedge, produces broad cloud cover

A

warm front

14
Q

occluded front occurs when

A

a fast moving cold front overtakes a slower warm front; generates strong heavy winds

15
Q

how do winds move?

A

from high to low pressure`

16
Q

why do clouds form?

A

h2o saturated air rises

17
Q

which clouds are the main source of thunderstorms

A

cumulonimbis

18
Q

short, local pulses of intense rain, wind, and lightning, forms when warm, moist, unstable air is carried upward as a cold front moves in

A

thunderstorms

19
Q

a near vertical rotating funnel shaped vortex cloud, and form along steep P gradients with colliding air masses

A

tornadoes

20
Q

develop along steep pressure gradients fueled by warm, moist air centered by low pressure

A

storms

21
Q

what are air masses and how do they affect tornadoes and storms?

A

Air masses are varying combinations of pressure gradients and cool/warm air. Different conditions can produce different results such as tornadoes and storms. A tornadoes air mass would not produce a storm’s air mass

22
Q

huge low pressure cyclonic storms that form over warm water tropical oceans off west africa

A

hurricanes

23
Q

hurricanes in western pacific ocean

A

typhoons

24
Q

hurricanes in northern indian ocean

A

cyclones

25
Q

when do hurricanes develop

A

in summer and late fall

26
Q

persistent weather patterns

A

climate

27
Q

what can used to determine a regions climate?

A

Altitude, Latitude, Ocean currents, Mountain ranges, and pressure of the region

28
Q

What is el nino and how is it effected by the sea surface temperature

A

el nino is the oscillation of air and water circulation off peru that causes low pressure colder sea water to flow on the pacific jet stream