Atom Test

Question 1

Democritus

Answer 1

atomos
first to identify the possibility of an atom
smallest piece of matter

Question 2

Atomos

Answer 2

individible

Question 3

John Dalton

Answer 3

father of modern atomic theory

5 parts to the theoy

Question 4

Parts to Dalton’s atomic theory

Answer 4

elements are composed of atoms

element’s atoms are identical in mass

Question 5

Ernest Rutherford

Answer 5

gold foil experiment

predicted existence of neutrons

Question 6

What does the gold foil experiment tell us?

Answer 6

atom has small positive nucleus

remainder is empty space

Question 7

James Chadwick

Answer 7

helped with the development of the nuclear model

discovered the neutron

Question 8

Neils Bohr

Answer 8

planetary model of the atom
electrons travel in specified energy levels
spectral lines produced when electrons move

Question 9

Atomic number

Answer 9

is the number of protons

Question 10

Mass number

Answer 10

mass of the entire nucleus (protons and neutrons)

Question 11

Which two particles have a similar mass?

Answer 11

protons and neutrons

Question 12

Ions

Answer 12

an atom that gained or lost electrons

Question 13

What are ions trying to become?

Answer 13

trying to become stable at 8 valence electrons

Question 14

Cation

Answer 14

is formed when an atom looses 1 or more electrons

positive charge

Question 15

Anion

Answer 15

a neutral atom gains one or more electrons

negative charge

Question 16

Isotopes

Answer 16

atoms of the same elements with different mass numbers

Question 17

Wavelength

Answer 17

the distance between any two points in a wave

Question 18

Frequency

Answer 18

the number of cycles that pass through a point in a unit of time

Question 19

Unit of wavelength

Answer 19

nanometers or meters

if given in nm use (1*10^-9)

Question 20

Unit of frequency

Answer 20

sec^-1 or Hertz

Question 21

Relationship between wavelength and frequency

Answer 21

indirectly proportional

as one increases the other decreases

Question 22

What has the shortest wavelength of the visible spectrum?

Answer 22

Violet

Question 23

What has the longest wavelength of the visible spectrun?

Answer 23

Red

Question 24

What has the lowest frequency of the visible spectrum?

Answer 24

Red

Question 25

What has the highest frequency of the visible spectrum?

Answer 25

Violet

Question 26

What has the longest wavelength (general)

Answer 26

Radio waves

Question 27

What has the shortest wavelength (general)

Answer 27

Gamma rays

Question 28

What has the highest frequency (general)

Answer 28

Gamma rays

Question 29

What has the lowest frequency (general)

Answer 29

radio waves

Question 30

Which waves have the most energy?

Answer 30

Gamma rays

Question 31

Max Planck's theroy

Answer 31

Founder of quantum theory light and electromagnetic waves were emitted in packets of energy called quanta

Question 32

Photoelectric effect

Answer 32

the production of electrons when a light is shown on a material light can be used to push electrons out of a solid surface

Question 33

Heisenburg Uncertainity

Answer 33

states that the position and velocity of an object can not be measured together

Question 34

Valence electrons

Answer 34

the number of electrons in the outmost energy level these are the electrons that are involved in chemical reactions

Question 35

Subatomic particles

Answer 35

protons, electrons, and neutrons

Question 36

Average atomic mass

Answer 36

the weighted average of the atomic masses of the naturally occurring isotopes of an element

Question 37

Major regions of the electromagnetic spectrum in order of increasing wavelength

Answer 37

``` Gamma rays x-rays ultra-violet visible infrared microwaves TV radio ```

Question 38

The cathode ray experiement

Answer 38

JJ Thompson Discovered the electron the electrons were attracted to the positive side

Question 39

First model to include electrons

Answer 39

plum pudding model

Question 40

Shrodinger

Answer 40

formulated an equation from which the probability of finding an electron at that location

Question 41

Atomic orbital

Answer 41

specifies a volume of space that the electron is most likely to be found

Question 42

Aufbau principle

Answer 42

electrons occupy the orbital of the lowest energy first

Question 43

Electromagnetic waves

Answer 43

progressive, repeating disturbances that come from the movement of electric charges

Question 44

Max Planck's other idea

Answer 44

light has particle properties called Photons E=hv

Question 45

Hund's rule

Answer 45

electrons occupy oribitals of the same energy in a way that makes the number of electrons with the same spin as large as possible