Chemistry > Chem Midterm Concepts > Flashcards

Chem Midterm Concepts Flashcards

(66 cards)

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1
Q

Accuracy

A

How close something is to its true value

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2
Q

Precision

A

How well experimental values agree with one another

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3
Q

How to find accuracy?

A

Calculate percent error

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4
Q

How to find precision?

A

Repeat the experiment

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5
Q

Base unit for mass

A

kilogram

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6
Q

Base unit for length

A

meter

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7
Q

Base unit for time

A

second

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8
Q

Base unit for temperature

A

kelvin

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9
Q

Theoretical yield

A

Maximum number that could have happened

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10
Q

Actual yield

A

Number that actually occured

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11
Q

Density

A

the degree of compactness of a substance

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12
Q

Density formula

A

d=m/v

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13
Q

Percent Error Formula

A

Abs(Theoretical-Experimental)/Theoretical

ANS*100

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14
Q

Percent Yield Formula

A

Actual Yield/Theoretical Yield

ANS*100

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15
Q

Law of Conservation of Matter

A

Matter can not be created nor destroyed in an isolated system

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16
Q

Chemical change

A

substance changes chemical composition

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17
Q

Physical change

A

substance changes physical properties, but its composition does not change

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18
Q

Examples of chemical change

A

Iron combining with water to make rust

Toast

Salt dissolving in water

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19
Q

Examples of physical change

A

ripping paper

water to ice

sugar mixing in water

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20
Q

Pure substance

A

fixed composition and properties

composed of 1 kind of molecule

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21
Q

Mixture

A

made up of 2 or more pure substances

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22
Q

Is a mixture chemical or physical?

A

Physical

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23
Q

Element

A

A pure substance

composed of all the same types of atoms

cannot be broken down any smaller

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24
Q

Compound

A

A pure substance

composed of all the same molecule

proportionally distributed

can be broken down into elements

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25
Homogenous mixture
Particles of similar composition that are small and evenly distributed
26
Heterogenous mixture
Particles of different composition and particles are not evenly distributed
27
Example of a solution
Sugar water
28
Example of an alloy
Brass
29
Examples of colloid
Smoke Dairy products
30
Examples of suspension
Oil and water Muddy water
31
Who discovered the electron?
JJ Thomson
32
How was the electron discovered?
Through the cathode ray tube experiment
33
Who discovered the neutron?
James Chadwick
34
Who discovered the proton?
Ernest Rutherford
35
How was the proton discovered?
Gold foil experiment showed there had to be positive space in atom because of the way rays bounced
36
Who first said matter is composed of atoms?
Democritus
37
Which subatomic particle has a positive charge?
Proton
38
Which subatomic particle is located in the nucleus?
Neutron and proton
39
Which subatomic particles are respsonible for the mass of an atom
Proton and neutron
40
Which subatomic particle identifies elements
Protons
41
Which subatomic particle identifies elements?
Protons
42
Which subatomic particle is responsible for the atomic number of the atom?
Protons
43
Which subatomic particle varies in isotopes?
Neutrons
44
Which subatomic particle has the smallest relative mass?
Electrons
45
Which subatomic particle varies in ions?
Electrons
46
Dalton's model
Indivisible solid sphere
47
Thomson's model
Plum pudding model
48
Rutherford's model
shows a positive nucleus surrounded by electrons
49
Wavelength
the distance between any two points on a wave
50
Frequency
the numbers of cycles that pass through a point in an unit of time
51
Which color has the highest frequency?
Violet
52
Which color has the lowest frequency?
Red
53
Which type of radiation has the highest frequency?
Gamma rays
54
Which type of radiation has the lowest frequency?
Radio waves
55
What is the speed of light?
3.0 * 10^8
56
Wavelength formula
wavelength=speed/frequency
57
Specific heat
the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of a substance by one degree celcius
58
Specific heat formula
Q=mc(delta)t
59
Three different types of radioactive decay
Alpha Beta Gamma radiation
60
What element is an alpha particle similar to?
Helium
61
Alpha radiation calculations
looses 4 mass number looses 2 atomic number
62
Beta particle
a fast moving electron emitted from the nucleus of an atom
63
When does beta decay occur?
When a neutron changes into a proton and an electron
64
Beta calculuations
Mass number stays the same Atomic number raised by one
65
Gamma rays
high frequency if an atom still has a lot of energy after beta/alpha decay a gamma ray will be emitted
66
Half-Life
The constant ratio of a substance undergoing exponential decay

Chemistry (6 decks)

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