Atoms Flashcards
(30 cards)
What three subatomic particles made of?
Protons, neutrons and electrons
What are protons?
Heavy and positively charged
What are neutrons?
Heavy and neutral
What are electrons?
Hardly any mass and negatively charged
Relative mass of a proton?
1
Relative mass of a neutron?
1
Relative mass of an electron?
0.0005
Relative charge of a proton?
+1
Relative charge of a neutron?
0
Relative charge of an electron?
-1
Where is the nucleus located in an atom?
In the middle of the atom.
What particles are found in the nucleus?
Protons and neutrons.
Why does the nucleus have a positive charge?
Because of the protons.
Where is almost the whole mass of an atom concentrated?
In the nucleus.
How does the size of the nucleus compare to the overall size of the atom?
The nucleus is tiny compared to the overall size of the atom.
Where do electrons move around in an atom?
Around the nucleus in energy levels called shells.
What charge do electrons have?
Negative charge.
How do the size of electron orbitals compare to the size of the electrons themselves?
Electrons are tiny, but their orbitals cover a lot of space.
What determines the size of an atom?
The size of the electron orbitals.
How much mass do electrons have?
Virtually no mass (often considered zero).
Why do neutral atoms have no overall charge?
Because the number of electrons equals the number of protons, and their charges cancel out.
What happens if electrons are added or removed from an atom?
The atom becomes charged and is called an ion.
What is the atomic number of an atom?
The number of protons.
(Bottom number)
Do atoms of the same element have the same number of protons?
Yes
